Umlando wohlobo lwemoto iNissan

I-Nissan yinkampani yaseJapan ekhiqiza izimoto. Indlunkulu itholakala eTokyo. Isendaweni ephambili embonini yezimoto futhi ingomunye wabaholi abathathu embonini yezimoto yaseJapan ngemuva kweToyota. Umkhakha womsebenzi uhlukene: kusuka ezimotweni kuya ezikebheni ezinezimoto namasathelayithi okuxhumana.

Ukuvela kwenhlangano enkulu okwamanje akukazinzile kuwo wonke umlando. Ukushintshwa okuqhubekayo kwabanikazi, ukuhlelwa kabusha nokuchibiyelwa okuhlukahlukene kwegama lomkhiqizo. Sona kanye isisekelo senzeka ohlelweni lokuhlelwa kabusha kwezinkampani ezimbili zaseJapan ngo-1925: Kwaishinsha Co., okukhulunywa ngayo okwakungukukhiqizwa kwezimoto zakwaDat neJitsuo Jidosha Co, eyazuza njengefa izakhi zegama lesibili, inkampani entsha yayibizwa ngeDat Jidosha Seizo, igama lokuqala elichaza uhlobo lwezimoto ezikhiqizwayo.

Ngo-1931 inkampani yaba ngesinye sezigaba zeTobata Casting ezasungulwa nguYoshisuke Aikawa. Kepha kwakuyiyona nqubo yentuthuko eyatholwa yinkampani ngo-1933, lapho uYoshisuke Ayukawa eba ngumnikazi wayo. Futhi ngo-1934 igama laguqulwa laba yiNissan Motor Co.

Kwakhiwa isitshalo esikhulu sokukhiqiza izimoto, kepha okubanjiwe ukuthi inkampani encane yayingenalo ulwazi nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza umkhiqizo wayo. U-Ayukawa ucele usizo lozakwethu. Ukubambisana kokuqala neGeneral Motors akuphumelelanga ngenxa yokuvinjelwa okwenziwe yiziphathimandla zaseJapan.

U-Ayukawa wangena esivumelwaneni sokubambisana ne-American William Gorham, owasheshe wathatha izintambo njengomklami omkhulu wohlobo lwezimoto zakwa-Dat, kwathi ngemuva kwesikhashana, uNissan.

UGorham unikeze usizo olukhulu, ethenga enkampanini yaseMelika onqenqemeni lokuqothuka futhi enikeza abakwaNissan imishini yobuchwepheshe edingekayo nabasebenzi abasezingeni eliphezulu.

Ukukhiqizwa kweNissan kuqale ngokushesha. Kodwa izimoto zokuqala zakhululwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi Datsun (kodwa ukukhishwa kwalolu hlobo kwakhiqizwa kwaze kwaba ngo-1984), ngo-1934 wabonisa umhlaba iNissanocar, eyathola isihloko semodeli yesabelomali.

Kube nokuvuselelwa kwenqubo yezobuchwepheshe, inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe yenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile zokukhiqiza zenguquko kusuka emisebenzini yezandla kuya kwezemishini.

I-1935 yenza inkampani yaduma ngokukhululwa kwe-Datsun 14. Kwakuyimoto yokuqala yenkampani ekhiqizwe ngomzimba we-sedan, futhi ku-hood kwakukhona okuncane kukanogwaja oweqa insimbi. Umqondo walesi sithombe ulingana nejubane elikhulu lemoto. (Ngalezo zikhathi, i-80 km / h ibithathwa njengejubane eliphakeme ngokweqile).

Le nkampani yangena emakethe yamazwe omhlaba kanti ukuthunyelwa kwemishini kwenziwa emazweni ase-Asia naseMelika.

Futhi ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe II, inkampani yayivele ikhiqiza izimoto ezingaphezu kuka-10 XNUMX zabagibeli.

Ngesikhathi sempi, i-vector yokukhiqiza yashintsha, kunalokho yahlukahluka: kusuka ezimotweni ezijwayelekile zabagibeli kuya kumaloli ezempi, ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani iphinde yakhiqiza amayunithi kagesi wezindiza zamasosha. Izinguquko ezintsha ze-1943: inkampani yanda ngokuvulwa kwesinye isitshalo, manje yabizwa ngeNissan Izimboni Ezisindayo.

Amafektri enkampani awazizwanga ikakhulukazi umthwalo osindayo wempi futhi ahlala engaguquki, kepha ingxenye yokukhiqiza, eyingxenye enhle kakhulu yemishini, yathathwa ngesikhathi sokuhlala iminyaka ecishe ibe yi-10, okwenzeka kakhulu ekukhiqizeni. Ngakho-ke, amabhizinisi amaningi asayina izinkontileka nenkampani ethengisa izimoto ayidabula futhi angena amasha ngeToyota.

Kusukela ngo-1949, ukubuyela egameni lenkampani yakudala bekuyisici.

Ukusuka ngo-1947, iNissan yaphinde yathola amandla ayo amaningi futhi yaqala kabusha ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto zabagibeli bakaDatsun, futhi kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1950 le nkampani yajulisa ngamandla ukufuna kwayo ubuchwepheshe obusha bokukhiqiza futhi eminyakeni embalwa kamuva kwasayinwa isivumelwano no-Austin Motor Co., nalokho okwaba nomthelela ekukhishweni kwe-Austin yokuqala ngo-1953. Futhi eminyakeni emibili ngaphambili, kwenziwa imoto yokuqala engaphandle komgwaqo ene-all-wheel drive Patrol. Uhlobo oluthuthukisiwe lweSUV kungekudala lwathandwa e-UN.

IDatsun Bluebird kwaba yintuthuko yangempela ngo-1958. Le nkampani yaba ngeyokuqala kuzo zonke izinkampani zaseJapan ukwethula amabhuleki angaphambili asizwa ngamandla.

Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-60s yethula le nkampani ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe, okwenza iNissan Datsun 240 Z, imoto yezemidlalo ekhishwe kusasele unyaka, ingeyokuqala ekilasini layo ngokwenani lokudayiswa ezimakethe, ikakhulukazi emakethe yaseMelika.

Imoto "enkulu" embonini yezimoto yaseJapane, ekwazi ukuthwala abantu abangafika kwabayi-8, ikhishwe ngo-1969 "Nissan Cendric". Ububanzi bekhabethe, iyunithi yamandla edizili, ukwakheka kwemoto kuholele esidingweni esikhulu sale modeli. Futhi le modeli iye yathuthukiswa esikhathini esizayo.

Ngo-1966, okunye ukuhlelwa kabusha kwenziwa nePrince Motor Company. Ukuhlangana kudlale indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni iziqu futhi kwabonakala ekukhiqizeni okwenziwe ngcono nakakhulu.

I-Nissan President - yakhipha i-limousine yokuqala ngo-1965. Ngokusekelwe egameni ngokwalo, kuyacaca ukuthi imoto yayiyimoto yohlobo oluphambili futhi yayihloselwe abantu abathile abathatha izikhundla zobuholi.

I-auto legend yenkampani yaseJapan yaba yi-240 1969 Z, eyathola ngokushesha isihloko semoto edayiswa kakhulu emhlabeni. Sekuthengiswe ngaphezu kwengxenye yesigidi eminyakeni eyishumi.

Ngo-1983, kwaqalwa iDatsun yokuqala eneloli yokuthwebula futhi ngawo lowo nyaka iNissan Motor yanquma ukungabe isalusebenzisa uphawu lweDatsun, njengoba uphawu lwakwaNissan lwalungaziwa nakwezinye izindawo.

U-1989 kube unyaka wokuvulwa kwamagatsha akwaNissan kwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi e-United States, ukuze kukhishwe isigaba sikanokusho iNissan. Insizakalo esungulwe eHolland.

Ngenxa yobunzima obukhulu bezezimali ngenxa yemalimboleko engapheli, ngo-1999 kwakhiwa umfelandawonye neRenault, eyathenga indawo yokulawula enkampanini. Leli thandem lalibizwa ngeRenault Nassan Alliance. Eminyakeni embalwa, abakwaNissan bethule umhlaba imoto yabo yokuqala kagesi, iNissan Leaf.

Namuhla, le nkampani ithathwa njengomunye wabaholi embonini yezimoto, futhi ilala isibili ngemuva kweToyota embonini yezimoto yaseJapan. Inenani elikhulu lamagatsha nezinsizakalo emhlabeni jikelele.

Umsunguli

Umsunguli wenkampani nguYoshisuke Ayukawa. Wazalwa ekwindla ka-1880 edolobheni laseJapan iYamaguchi. Wathweswa iziqu e-University of Tokyo ngo-1903. Ngemuva kweyunivesithi wasebenza njengomakhenikha ebhizinisini.

Wasungula i-Tobako Casting JSC, okwathi, ngenqubo yokuhlela kabusha okukhulu, yaba yi-Nissan Motor Co.

Kusukela ngo-1943-1945 usebenze njengephini lePhalamende Lombuso laseJapan.

Waboshwa yiMelika ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe II ngamacala amakhulu empi.

Ngokushesha wakhululwa futhi waphinde wathatha isihlalo sePhalamende eJapan ngesikhathi sika-1953-1959.

U-Ayukawa ushone ebusika bango-1967 eTokyo eneminyaka engama-86.

Isifanekiselo

Ilogo yakwaNissan ingenye eyaziwa kakhulu. I-gradient yemibala empunga nesiliva idlulisa kafushane ukuphelela nokuba yinkimbinkimbi. Uphawu ngokwalo luqukethe igama lenkampani elinendingilizi elizungezayo. Kodwa lokhu akuwona nje umbuthano ovamile, uqukethe umqondo ofanekisela "ilanga eliphumayo".

Ekuqaleni, lapho uhlola umlando, uphawu lwalubukeka lufana, kuphela enguqulweni yombala yezinhlanganisela ezibomvu neziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Okubomvu kwakuyindilinga, okwakufanekisela ilanga, futhi okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwakuwunxande onombhalo oqoshwe kulo mbuthano, ofanekisela isibhakabhaka.

Ngo-2020, umklamo uhlanjululwe, waletha ubuncane obuningi.

Umlando wemoto yakwaNissan

Imoto yokuqala engaphansi kwalo mkhiqizo yakhishwa emuva ngo-1934. Kwakuyi-Nissanocar yesabelomali, ethola isihloko sokusebenza kahle nokwethembeka. Idizayini yokuqala nokushesha okufika ku-75 km / h yenze imoto yaba imodeli enhle kakhulu.

Ngo-1939 kwaba nokunwetshwa kwezinhlobo zamamodeli, okwabuye kwafakwa i-Type 70, kwathathwa isihloko semoto “enkulu,” ibhasi neveni yohlobo 80 kanye ne-Type 90, eyayinomthamo omuhle wokuthwala.

Imodeli yemoto "enkulu" yayiyi-sedan enomzimba wensimbi, kanye nokukhululwa emakilasini amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa: okunethezeka nokujwayelekile. Yathola ubizo lwayo ngenxa yobubanzi bekhabhinethi.

Ngemuva kokuma okumile okwalethwa yiMpi Yomhlaba Yesibili, uPatrol wodumo wakhululwa ngo-1951. ISUV yokuqala yale nkampani enawo wonke amasondo kanye namandla angu-6 cylinder enamandla angu-3.7 litres. Izinhlobo ezithuthukisiwe zemodeli sezenziwe ezizukulwaneni ezimbalwa.

Ngo-1960 kwakhishwa okokuqala iNissan Cendric njengemoto “ENKULU KAKHULU”. Imoto yokuqala enomzimba we-monocoque ongaphakathi ovulekile kanye nomthamo wabantu abangu-6 ifakwe iyunithi yamandla edizili. Inguqulo yesibili yemodeli isivele inomthamo wabantu abangafika kwabayi-8, futhi ukwakheka komzimba kwaklanywa nguPininfarina.

Eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva, i-limousine yokuqala yenkampani kaMongameli weNissan yakhishwa, eyasetshenziswa kuphela kuhlu oluphezulu lomphakathi. Ubukhulu obukhulu, ubukhulu bekhabhathi futhi, maduze nje, ukuhlomisa ngohlelo lwe-anti-lock braking kwakuthandwa kakhulu phakathi kongqongqoshe kanye nomongameli bamazwe ahlukene.

Futhi ngemuva konyaka, iPrince R380 yavela, inezici zejubane, yathatha omunye wemiklomelo emijahweni ngokulingana nePorsche.

Imoto Yezokuphepha Yokuhlola ingenye yezinto ezintsha zeNissan nempumelelo. Kwakuyimoto yokulinga ukuphepha okuphezulu eyakhiwa ngo-1971. Kwakuwumbono wemoto elungele imvelo.

Ngo-1990, umhlaba wabona imodeli yePrimera, ekhiqizwa ngemizimba emithathu: i-sedan, i-liftback kanye ne-station wagon. Futhi eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva, ukukhululwa kwe-Almera kuqala.

U-2006 uvula umhlaba ngeQashqai SUV edume kakhulu, ukuthengiswa kwayo bekukukhulu impela, le moto ibifunwa kakhulu eRussia, futhi kusukela ngo-2014 kwavela imodeli yesizukulwane sesibili.

Imoto kagesi yokuqala kaLeaf yaqala ngo-2010. I-hatchback eneminyango emihlanu, enamandla amancane ithole ukuthandwa kakhulu ezimakethe futhi isizuze imiklomelo eminingi.