Umlando wohlobo lwemoto iMercedes-Benz

Umlando womkhiqizo odumile wezwe waqala ukuzalwa kwawo ngenxa yokuhlelwa kabusha kwezinkampani ezimbili zaseJalimane. Ebuyela emuva kancane emlandweni, umsunguli waseJalimane uBenz wanikezwa imvume ngenzalo yakhe, eyaletha udumo emhlabeni wonke futhi yenza uguquko embonini yezimoto - imoto yokuqala eneyunithi yamandla kaphethiloli. Ngawo lowo nyaka, enye iphrojekthi yasungulwa omunye unjiniyela waseJalimane, uGottlieb Daimler noWilhelm Maybach, lena kwakuyiphrojekthi yokwakha injini.

Bobabili abasunguli bakha izinkampani: iBenz - enegama elithi Benz & Cie ngo-1883 eMannheim, kanye noDaimler - enophawu lokuthengisa uDaimler Motoren Gesellchaft (isifinyezo se-DMG) ngo-1890. Bobabili bathuthuka ngokuhambisana futhi ngo-1901, ngaphansi kohlobo oludalwe "Mercedes", imoto yakhiqizwa nguDaimler.

Umkhiqizo odumile waqanjwa ngesicelo sikasomabhizinisi ocebile, u-Emilia Jellinek, ngemuva kwegama lendodakazi yakhe, owayengummeleli we-DMG eFrance. Le ndoda yayingumtshalizimali kule nkampani, okwathi ekugcineni yafuna ukuthi ifakwe ebhodini labaqondisi, nokuthi izothola ilungelo lokuthekelisa izimoto kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu.

Imoto yokuqala kwakuyiMercedes 35hp eyaziwayo eyenzelwe umjaho. Imoto ingafinyelela isivinini esifinyelela ku-75 km / h, okwakubhekwa njengokumangazayo ngaleyo minyaka, injini eyisilinda ezine enomthamo wama-cubic metres angu-5914. cm, nesisindo semoto asangeqi ku-900 kg. UMaybach wasebenza engxenyeni yokuklama yemodeli.

Enye yezimoto zokuqala ezikhiqizwayo kwakuyimoto yomjaho eyadalwa nguMaybach. UJellinek wengamele inqubo ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Kwakuyi-edume iMercedes Simplex 40px, eyayigijima futhi yenza umxhwele omkhulu. Ephefumulelwe yilokhu, uJellinek wamemezela ngesibindi ukuthi lokhu kwakungukuqala kwenkathi yeMercedes.

Umqondo wentuthuko kaMaybach, ngemuva kokuphuma kwakhe enkampanini, uqhubeke nokukhiqiza izimoto zomjaho kwaze kwaba iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala futhi yathathwa njengehamba phambili, ake siqale ngezimoto emijahweni.

I-1926 yenze intuthuko ngokuhlelwa kabusha kwamafemu asungulwe onjiniyela eDaimler-Benz AG. Umphathi wokuqala wokukhathazeka kwakunguFerdinand Porsche owaziwayo. Ngosizo lwakhe, iphrojekthi yaqalwa nguDaimler yokuthuthukisa icompressor ukukhulisa amandla ezimoto kwaqedwa.

Izimoto ezikhiqizwe ngenxa yokuhlangana kwalezi zinkampani zombili zabizwa ngeMercedes-Benz ukuhlonipha uKarl Benz.

Le nkampani yathuthukiswa ngejubane lombani, futhi ngaphandle kwezimoto, izingxenye zezindiza nezikebhe zakhiqizwa.

Omunye unjiniyela odumile uthathe izintambo ePorsche njengoba ethathe isinqumo sokushiya le femu.

Inkampani igxile ekugijimeni izimoto. Ngesikhathi sobushiqela, uMercedes owayene-swastika wabusa eJalimane.

Le nkampani iphinde yakhiqizela uhulumeni izimoto zikanokusho. I-Mercedes-Benz 630, lokhu okuguqulwayo, kwakuyimoto yokuqala kaHitler. Futhi abaphezulu beReichstag bancamela "izimoto ezinkulu" iMercedes-Benz 770K.

Ifemu ibuye yasebenza ngoku-oda kwophiko lwezempi, ikakhulukazi izimoto zamasosha, amaloli nezimoto.

Impi yashiya uphawu olukhulu ekukhiqizeni, cishe yachitha ngokuphelele amafektri, ukwakhiwa kabusha kwawo okwathatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo omkhulu. Futhi vele ngo-1946, ngamabutho amasha, athola umfutho kanye nama-compact sedans ngokufuduka okuncane kanye namandla amayunithi angama-38 amahhashi.

Ama-limousine okunethezeka akhiwe ngesandla aqala ukukhiqizwa ngemuva kweminyaka yama-50s. Ama-limousine anjalo aye athuthukiswa kaningi.

Ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto emazweni e-USSR kwakuyizimoto zabagibeli ezingama-604, amaloli angama-20 namabhasi ayi-7.

Le nkampani iphinde yavuselela ubizo lokunethezeka umkhakha wezimoto waseJapan ongakwazanga ngisho ukuwususa kusukela eminyakeni yama-80s, ukuwucindezela nje kancane emisebenzini yezimakethe.

Le nkampani ikhiqize zombili izimoto zomgwaqo nezemidlalo. IMercedes-Benz W196, njengemoto yezemidlalo esethole imiklomelo eminingi yemiklomelo, iyekile ukuba ngumholi wezokugijima ngemuva kwenhlekelele ehambisana nokufa komshayeli odumile uPierre Levegh.

Ukuphela kweminyaka yama-50s kubonakala ngokuphumelela kwamamodeli avelele anemininingwane yezakhi zokwakheka komzimba. Ubuhle bemigqa, indawo yangaphakathi evulekile kanye nezinye izici eziningi ezibizwa ngokuthi "ama-fins" lawa mamodeli, ayebolekwe ezimotweni zezinkampani zaseMelika.

Kungashicilelwa ivolumu yonke ukufaka ohlwini lwazo zonke izinhlobo zenkampani ngokuningiliziwe.

Ngo-1999, inkampani yathola inkampani yokuhlelela i-AMG. Lokhu kutholwa kudlale indima enkulu njengoba ifemu ibisebenza nezimoto zemidlalo ezihlonishwayo.

Inkathi yekhulu elisha ibonakala ngokufaka amakilasi ezigabeni.

I-tandem ehlangene yayikhona kuze kube yi-1998, isikhathi esiningi kangaka sokuphila sasivela kuphela kule nhlangano.

Kuze kube namuhla, inkampani idizayina umkhiqizo onobungani bemvelo obuzoduma hhayi nje ngokunethezeka kuphela, kodwa nangokunakekela imvelo emhlabeni, engesinye sezihloko eziseqhulwini emhlabeni wanamuhla.

IMercedes-Benz isalokhu ihamba phambili embonini yezimoto.

Abasunguli

Kusukela kulokhu okungenhla, siphetha ngokuthi abasunguli benkampani “babengabathathu bonjiniyela abakhulu”: uKarl Benz, uGottlieb Daimler noWilhelm Maybach. Cabangela kafushane umlando wokuphila komuntu ngamunye ngokwehlukana.

UKarl Benz wazalwa ngoNovemba 25, 1844 eMühlburg emndenini womakhenikha. Kusukela ngo-1853 wafundiswa kwi-technical lyceum, kwathi ngo-1860 ePolytechnic University, onguchwepheshe bemishini yezobuchwepheshe. Ngemuva kokuphothula iziqu, wathola umsebenzi embonini yobunjiniyela asheshe wayeka kuyo.

Ngemuva kwalokho wasebenza iminyaka engaba ngu-5 emafemini njengonjiniyela nomklami.

Ngo-1871, kanye nomngane wakhe, wavula indawo yakhe yokusebenzela, egxile ezintweni zokusebenza nezinto zensimbi.

UBenz wayenesithakazelo embonweni wezinjini zangaphakathi zomlilo, futhi lokhu kwakuyisinyathelo esikhulu emsebenzini wakhe.

Ngo-1878 kwaphawula ilayisense yakhe yenjini kaphethiloli, kwathi ngo-1882 wasungula inkampani yamasheya ehlangene iBenz & Cie. Umgomo wayo wokuqala kwaba ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi kaphethiloli.

UBenz waklama isondo lakhe lokuqala elinenjini esebenzisa uphethiloli ophindwe kane. Umphumela wokugcina wethulwa ngo-1885 futhi waya embukisweni eParis ngaphansi kwegama elithi Motorvagen, futhi ukuthengisa kwaqala ngo-1888. Ngemuva kwalokho uBenz wakhiqiza ezinye izimoto eziningi ngesikhathi esifushane.

Ngo-1897 wadala "injini ye-contra", injini edumile, enezingqimba ezi-2 zamasilinda.

Ngo-1914, uBenz wanikezwa iziqu zobudokotela ezihloniphekile yiTechnical University.

Ngo-1926 Kuhlanganiswe ne-DMG.

Umsunguli wedlula emhlabeni ngo-Ephreli 4, 1929 eLadenburg.

Ngentwasahlobo ka-1834, umsunguli we-DMG, uGottlieb Daimler, wazalelwa eSchorndorf.

Ngo-1847, ngemuva kwesikole, wenza izikhali ngokuhlala endaweni yokusebenzela.

Kusukela ngo-1857 wathola ukuqeqeshwa ePolytechnic Institute.

Ngo-1863 wathola umsebenzi eBruderhouse, ibhizinisi elalihlinzeka izintandane nabantu abakhubazekile umsebenzi. Kulapha lapho ahlangana khona noWilhelm Maybach avula naye inkampani esikhathini esizayo.

Ngo-1869 waqala ukusebenza embonini yokwakha imishini, kwathi ngo-1872 wakhushulelwa esikhundleni sokuba ngumqondisi wezobuchwepheshe ekwakhiweni kwezinjini zangaphakathi zomlilo. UMaybach, owafika kulesi sitshalo ngemuva kwesikhashana, waqala isikhundla somklami omkhulu.

Ngo-1880, bobabili onjiniyela bashiya imboni futhi banquma ukuthuthela eStuttgart, lapho kwazalwa khona umqondo wokuqala ibhizinisi labo. Ekupheleni kuka-1885 badala injini futhi basungula i-corburetor.

Ngesisekelo senjini saqala ukudala isithuthuthu, kwathi ngemuva kwesikhashana izisebenzi ezinamasondo amane.

I-1889 ibonakaliswe ngokukhiqizwa kwemoto yokuqala efana kakhulu nekalishi futhi ngonyaka ofanayo yabukisa embukisweni waseParis.

Ngo-1890, ngosizo lukaMaybach, uDaimler wahlela inkampani yeDMG, eyaqala ngokukhethekile ekukhiqizeni izinjini, kodwa ngo-1891 Maybach wayishiya inkampani eyakhiwe ngosizo lwakhe, futhi ngo-1893 uDaimler washiya.

UGottlieb Daimler ushone ngoMashi 6, 1900 eStuttgart eneminyaka engama-65.

UWilhelm Maybach wazalwa ebusika ngo-1846 eHeilbronn emndenini wombazi. Umama nobaba bashona lapho uMaybach esemncane. Wadluliselwa emfundweni eyaziwayo ngaphambili ethi "Bruderhouse", lapho ahlangana khona nomlingani wakhe wesikhathi esizayo. (Kumlando ongenhla, amaphuzu abalulekile mayelana noMaybach kusukela ekuhlanganeni kukaDaimler aseshiwo kakade).

Ngemva kokushiya i-DMG, uMaybach, ngemva kwesikhathi esifushane, wadala inkampani yokukhiqiza injini, futhi kusukela ngo-1919 wakhiqiza izimoto ngaphansi kohlobo lwakhe lweMaybach.

Unjiniyela omkhulu washona ngoDisemba 29, 1929 eneminyaka engama-83.

Ngenxa yamakhono akhe amakhulu kanye nempumelelo yakhe kwezobunjiniyela, wakhazinyuliswa “njengenkosi yokuklama”.

Isifanekiselo

"Yonke into ehlakaniphile ilula" le credo ishiye uphawu lwayo esifanekisweni, lapho izici zobuhle kanye ne-minimalism zihlangene.

Uphawu lweMercedes luyinkanyezi enamaphoyinti amathathu, okuchaza amandla azungezile.

Ekuqaleni, ilogo yayinomklamo ohlukile. Phakathi kuka-1902 no-1909, isibonakaliso sasiqukethe umbhalo oqukethe igama elithi Mercedes ku-oval emnyama.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-logo yathatha ukwakheka kwesimanje kwenkanyezi ekhonjiwe emithathu enombala wegolide, ogqamile ngesizinda esimhlophe.

Ngokulandelayo, uphawu lwenkanyezi lwahlala, kepha ngokuhluka okuncishisiwe, kwashintsha isizinda kuphela lapho sasikhona.

Kusukela ngo-1933, isibonakaliso sesishintshe kancane ukwakheka kwaso, sesifikile kwifomu le-laconic nangaphezulu kanye ne-minimalism.

Kusukela ngo-1989, inkanyezi nohlaka uqobo lwayo kuzungeza kakhulu futhi kunombala wesiliva, kepha kusukela ngo-2010 ivolumu yenkanyezi isusiwe, kusele isikali sombala ompunga nesiliva kuphela.

Umlando wezimoto zakwaMercedes-Benz

Imoto yokuqala enenkanyezi enamaphoyinti amathathu yavela emhlabeni ngo-1901. Kwakuyimoto yezemidlalo yakwaMercedes eyadalwa nguMaybach. Imoto yayinezici eziningi ezibalulekile zaleso sikhathi, injini yayinamabhokisi amane, futhi amandla ayengu-35 hp. Injini yayitholakala ngaphambili ngaphansi hood nge-radiator, futhi idrayivu kwenzeka ngebhokisi lamagiya. Le modeli yokugijima yayinezindawo ezimbili, ezazibonakalisa kahle ngokushesha, zaba nodumo emhlabeni wonke. Ngemuva kwesimanje, imoto yashesha yafika ku-75 km / h. Le modeli yabeka isisekelo sokukhiqizwa kwamamodeli alandelayo we-Mercedes Simplex.

I-serial "60PS" yagqama kakhulu ngeyunithi yamandla engu-9235 cc nesivinini esingu-90 km / h.

Ngaphambi kwempi, kwavezwa inani elikhulu lezimoto zabagibeli, i-Mercedes Knight yayifanelwe ukuthandwa okukhulu - imodeli kanokusho eyayinomzimba ovaliwe ngokuphelele kanye neyunithi yamandla engena-valve.

"2B / 95PS" - omunye izibulo ngemva kwempi, ifakwe injini 6-cylinder.

Kusukela ngo-1924, uchungechunge lukanokusho lweMercedes-Benz Typ 630 lwethulwa ngenjini engu-6 cylinder namandla afinyelelwe ku-140 hp.

"Ugibe lokufa" noma amamodeli 24, 110, 160 PS, abone umhlaba ngo-1926. Leli gama wathola ngenxa isivinini sakhe kufika ku-145 km / h, futhi injini kwaba eziyisithupha-cylinder 6240 cc.

Ngo-1928, ngenkathi uPorsche eshiya inkampani, izimoto ezintsha zabagibeli zakhishwa njengeMannheim 370 enenjini engu-6-cylinder nomthamo wamalitha angu-3.7 kanye nemodeli enamandla athe xaxa ngamandla eyunithi yamandla eyisilinda eyisishiyagalombili enomthamo wamalitha angu-4.9, okwakuyiNurburg 500.

Ngo-1930, iMercedes-Benz 770 yaphuma emgqeni wokuhlangana, yayibizwa nangokuthi "iMercedes enkulu" eneyunithi yamandla angu-200 yamahhashi angu-8-cylinder.

Ngo-1931 kwaba unyaka okhiqizayo wokwakhiwa kwamamodeli ezimoto ezincane. imodeli "Mercedes 1170" yaduma ngenjini yayo enamandla 6 amasilinda kanye 1692 cc futhi ihlomisa amasondo amabili angaphambili nge ukumiswa ezimele. Futhi ngo-1933, kwakhiqizwa i-tandem yemoto yabagibeli "Mercedes 200" kanye nomjaho "Mercedes 380" enenjini enamandla angu-2.0- no-3.8 amalitha. Imodeli yokugcina yaba umama ekudalweni kwe "Mercedes 500K" ngo-1934. Imoto yayinenjini engu-5 litre, okwakungukhokho we "Mercedes-Benz 540K" ngo-1936.

Esikhathini sika-1934-1936, imodeli "yokukhanya" "Mercedes 130" yashiya umugqa womhlangano ngeyunithi yamandla angama-cylinder angu-26-horsepower, eyayingemuva ngevolumu yokusebenza engu-1308 cc. Le moto ilandelwe yiMercedes 170 enomzimba oyi-sedan. Inguqulo yesabelomali eyengeziwe ye-Mercedes 170V enenjini engama-cylinder amane nayo yadalwa. Imoto yokuqala yokukhiqiza enenjini ye-diesel yethulwa ngasekupheleni kuka-1926, kwakuyi-"Mercedes 260D" edume.

Ngo-1946, i-Mercedes 170U, eyenzelwe ngaphambi kwempi, yasungulwa, eyathuthukiswa ngokushesha ngenjini ye-diesel ngenqubo yesimanje. Futhi yazuza ukuthandwa "Mercedes 180" 1943 ukukhululwa nge design umzimba engavamile kakhulu.

Phakathi kwezimoto zezemidlalo kwakukhona izithasiselo eziningi: ngo-1951 imodeli "Mercedes 300S" yakhululwa ngenjini engu-6-cylinder futhi ifakwe i-camshaft engaphezulu, kanye ne-"Mercedes 300SL" edumile ngo-1954, ithola ukuthandwa ngenxa. ekuklanyweni kwezicabha ezimise okwephiko lenyoni.

Ngo-1955 kwakhululwa ibhajethi ye-compact convertible "Mercedes 190SL" eneyunithi yamandla angamasilinda amane kanye nomklamo okhangayo.

Amamodeli 220, 220S, 220SE akha umndeni osemusha osezingeni eliphakathi futhi adalwa ngo-1959 futhi anezinga lobuchwepheshe elinamandla. Ukumiswa okuzimele ngamasondo ama-4, ubuhle bomzimba onamalambu aguquliwe namalambu kanye nesikali segumbi lomthwalo kudale ukuthandwa kwalolu chungechunge.

1963 wakhiqiza imodeli Mercedes 600, okuyinto ekwazi ukufinyelela isivinini kufika ku-204 km / h. Iphakethe lihlanganisa injini engu-V8 enamandla angu-250 hp, u-gearbox onamagiya amane.

Ngo-1968, amamodeli anethezekile ebanga eliphakathi nendawo u-W114 no-W115 ahanjiswa emhlabeni.

Ngo-1972 isigaba S sazalelwa esizukulwaneni esisha. Idizayinelwe yi-W116, edume ngokuba uhlelo lokuqala lokunqanda ukukhiya, futhi ngo-1979, i-W126 yezinguquko, eyakhiwe nguBruno Sacco, iyaqala.

Uchungechunge lwe-460 lwalunezimoto ezingekho emgwaqeni, eyokuqala yazo eyabona umhlaba ngo-1980.

I-debut yemoto yezemidlalo eyinguquko yenzeka ngo-1996 futhi yayingeyesigaba se-SLK. Isici semoto, ngaphezu kwezici zobuchwepheshe, sasiphezulu esiguqukayo, esahlehliswa esiqwini.

Ngo-1999, kwethulwa imoto yezemidlalo edume ngezihlalo ezimbili ebibambe iqhaza emijahweni ka-F 1. BekuyiMercedes Vision SLA Concept, kwathi ngo-2000, kwagcwaliswa kabusha phakathi kwamaSUV, enye yamamodeli athandwayo akhiqizwa kwakuyisigaba se-GL esinamandla afinyelela kubantu abayi-9.