Umlando wenkampani yezimoto iRenault

I-Renault ingenye yezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu e-Europe futhi ingenye yabakhiqizi bezimoto ezindala kakhulu.

I-Groupe Renault ingumkhiqizi wamazwe ngamazwe wezimoto, amaveni, kanye nogandaganda, amathangi nezimoto zikaloliwe.

Ngo-2016, iRenault yayiyinkampani yesishiyagalolunye ngobukhulu emhlabeni ngevolumu yokukhiqiza, kanti iRenault-Nissan-Mitsubishi-Alliance yayiyinkampani yesine ngobukhulu emhlabeni.

Kepha iRenault iguquke kanjani yaya emotweni inamuhla?

KwaRenault baqale nini ukwenza izimoto?

IRenault yasungulwa ngo-1899 njenge-Societe Renault Freres ngabazalwane uLouis, Marcel noFernand Renault. ULouis wayesevele waklama futhi wakha izinhlobo eziningi lapho abafowabo belungisa amakhono abo ebhizinisi ngokusebenzela inkampani yezindwangu kayise. Kusebenze kahle kakhulu, uLouis ubephethe ukuklama nokukhiqiza, kanti abanye abafowethu ababili baqhuba ibhizinisi.

Imoto yokuqala yakwa Renault bekuyi Renault Voiturette 1CV. Yathengiselwa umngani waboyise ngo-1898.

Ngo-1903, abakwaRenault baqala ukukhiqiza izinjini zabo, njengoba phambilini babethenge kwaDe Dion-Bouton. Ukuthengisa kwabo ivolumu okokuqala kwenzeka ngo-1905 ngenkathi iSociete des Automobiles de Place ithenga izimoto zakwaRenault AG1. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukudala uxhaxha lwamatekisi, okwathi kamuva asetshenziswa amasosha aseFrance ukuhambisa amasosha phakathi neMpi Yezwe I. Ngo-1907, amanye amatekisi aseLondon naseParis akhiwa yiRenault. Futhi kwakungumkhiqizo wangaphandle othengiswa kakhulu eNew York ngo-1907 nango-1908. Ngaleso sikhathi, nokho, izimoto zakwa Renault zazaziwa njengezimpahla zikanokusho. AmaRenault amancane athengiswe ngama-franc angama-F3000. Lokhu kwakuyiholo lesisebenzi esijwayelekile iminyaka eyishumi. Baqala ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi ngo-1905.

Kungalesi sikhathi lapho abakwaRenault bethathe isinqumo sokuthatha i-motorsport futhi bazenzela igama ngemijaho yabo yokuqala yokuya edolobheni ukuya eSwitzerland. Bobabili uLouis noMarseille bagijima, kepha uMarseille ushone engozini ngesikhathi somjaho weParis-Madrid ngo-1903. ULouis akazange aphinde agijime, kodwa inkampani yaqhubeka nokugijima.

Ngo-1909, uLouis kwakunguye kuphela umfowethu owayesele ngemuva kokubulawa kukaFernand ngokugula. Ngokushesha iRenault yaqanjwa kabusha yathi yiRenault Automobile Company.

Kwenzekani kuRenault phakathi neMpi Yezwe I?

Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, iRenault yaqala ukukhipha izinhlamvu nezinjini zezindiza zamasosha. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izinjini zokuqala zezindiza zeRolls-Royce kwakungamayunithi eRenault V8.

Imiklamo yamasosha yayidume kakhulu kangangokuba uLouis wanikezwa iLegion of Honor ngeminikelo yakhe.

Ngemuva kwempi, iRenault yanda yakhiqiza imishini yezolimo neyezimboni. Uhlobo lwe-GP, ugandaganda wokuqala wakwaRenault, lwenziwa kusuka ngo-1919 kuya ku-1930 ngokususelwa ethangini le-FT.

Kodwa-ke, abakwaRenault balwela ukuncintisana nezimoto ezincane futhi ezingabizi kakhulu, imakethe yamasheya ibihamba kancane kanti nabasebenzi behlisa ukukhula kwenkampani. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1920, uLouis wasayina enye yezinkontileka zokuqala ukusatshalaliswa noGustave Goede.

Kuze kube ngo-1930, zonke izinhlobo zeRenault bezinomumo ohlukile wangaphambili. Lokhu kudalwe ukutholakala kwe-radiator ngemuva kwenjini ukuyinika "i-carbon bonnet". Lokhu kwashintsha ngo-1930 lapho irediyetha yafakwa ngaphambili kumamodeli. Kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho iRenault iguqule khona ibheji laya esimweni sedayimane esazi njenganamuhla.

Renault ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1920 nawo-1930

Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1920 nakuwo wonke ama-1930, kwakhiqizwa uchungechunge lweRenault. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-6cv, 10cv, Monasix neVivasix. Ngo-1928, abakwaRenault bakhiqiza izimoto ezingama-45 809. Izimoto ezincane bekuyizo ezazithandwa kakhulu kanti ezinkulu, u-18 / 24cv, zazikhishwa kancane.

Imakethe yase-UK ibibalulekile kwaRenault njengoba ibinkulu impela. Izimoto eziguquliwe zathunyelwa zisuka eGreat Britain zayiswa eNyakatho Melika. Ngo-1928, noma kunjalo, ukuthengiswa e-United States kwakusondele zero ngenxa yokutholakala kwabancintisana nabo njengeCadillac.

I-Renault iphinde yaqhubeka nokukhiqiza izinjini zezindiza ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe I. Ngawo-1930 inkampani yathatha ukukhiqizwa kwezindiza iCaudron. Wabuye wathola isigxobo ku-Air France. Indiza yakwaRenault Cauldron isethe amarekhodi amaningi wejubane lomhlaba ngawo-1930.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwaCitroen kweqa abakwaRenault njengabakhiqizi bezimoto abakhulu kunabo bonke eFrance.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amamodeli akwaCitroen ayesungula izinto ezintsha futhi ethandwa ukwedlula amaRenault. Kodwa-ke, ukuDabukisa Okukhulu kwaqhamuka maphakathi nawo-1930. Ngenkathi iRenault ishiya ukukhiqizwa kogandaganda nezikhali, iCitroen kwathiwa ayinamali futhi yabuye yatholwa iMicrosoft. AbakwaRenault babe sebebuyisa indebe yomkhiqizi omkhulu wezimoto waseFrance. Bazogcina lesi sikhundla kuze kube ngawo-1980.

I-Renault, nokho, yayingavikelekile enkingeni yezomnotho futhi yathengisa iCoudron ngo-1936. Lokhu kwalandelwa uchungechunge lwezingxabano zabasebenzi kanye neziteleka kwaRenault ezisabalele kuyo yonke imboni yezimoto. Lezi zingxabano ziphelile, okwenza abantu abangaphezu kuka-2000 XNUMX balahlekelwe yimisebenzi.

Kwenzekani kuRenault phakathi neMpi Yezwe II?

Ngemuva kokuthi amaNazi ethathe iFrance, uLouis Renault wenqaba ukukhiqiza amathangi eJalimane lamaNazi. Kunalokho, wakha amaloli.

NgoMashi 1932, iBritish Air Force yethula amabhomu asezingeni eliphansi esitshalweni seBillancourt, okuyisona sihlasela kakhulu ebholeni kuyo yonke impi. Lokhu kuholele emonakalweni omkhulu nasekulimaleni kwabantu abaningi. Yize bezamile ukusakha kabusha lesi sitshalo ngokushesha okukhulu, abaseMelika basiqhumisa ngamabhomu kaningana.

Ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe II, lesi sitshalo savulwa kabusha. Kodwa-ke, ngo-1936 lesi sitshalo saba yizisulu zodlame lwezepolitiki nolwezimboni. Lokhu kuvele ngenxa yokubusa kwePopyright Front. Udlame nozungu okwalandela ukukhululwa kweFrance kwahlasela ifemu. UMkhandlu woNgqongqoshe uthathe lesi sitshalo ngaphansi kosihlalo kaDa Gaulle. Wayengahambisani nobukhomanisi futhi ezepolitiki, uBillancourt wayeyisivikelo sobukhomanisi.

ULouis Renault waya nini ejele?

Uhulumeni wesikhashana usole uLouis Renault ngokusebenzisana namaJalimane. Lokhu kwakungezikhathi zangemva kwenkululeko, futhi izinsolo ezinkulu zazivamile. Welulekwa ukuba asebenze njengejaji, futhi wavela phambi kwejaji ngoSepthemba 1944.

Kanye nabanye abaholi baseFrance bezimoto, waboshwa ngomhlaka 23 Septhemba 1944. Ikhono lakhe lokuphatha iziteleka eminyakeni eyishumi eyedlule kwakusho ukuthi wayengenabo ababambisene nabo kwezepolitiki futhi akekho noyedwa owamsiza. Wathunyelwa ejele washona ngo-Okthoba 24, 1944, elinde ukuqulwa kwecala lakhe.

Le nkampani yafakwa ngaphansi kukahulumeni ngemuva kokushona kwakhe, okuwukuphela kwamafemu athathwa unomphela nguhulumeni waseFrance. Umndeni wakwaRenault uzame ukuguqula ukufakwa kobuzwe, kodwa kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya.

I-Renault yangemva kwempi

Ngesikhathi sempi, uLouis Renault wasungula ngasese injini yangemuva ye-4CV. Yethulwa ngaphansi kobuholi bukaPierre Lefoschot ngo-1946. Kwakuyimbangi enamandla yeMorris Minor neVolkswagen Beetle. Amakhophi angaphezu kuka-500000 athengiswa futhi ukukhiqizwa kwaqhubeka kukhiqizwa kwaze kwaba ngo-1961.

I-Renault yenze imodeli yayo ehamba phambili, i-2 litre 4-cylinder Renault Fregate ngo-1951. Lokhu kwalandelwa yimodeli iDauphine, edayise kahle phesheya kwezilwandle, okubandakanya i-Afrika neNyakatho Melika. Kodwa-ke, yasheshe yaphelelwa yisikhathi ngokuqhathaniswa nokuthandwa yiChevrolet Corvair.

Ezinye izimoto ezikhiqizwe ngalesi sikhathi kubalwa iRenault 4, ebincintisana neCitroen 2CV, kanye neRenault 10 neRenault yodumo 16. Bekuyi-hatchback eyakhishwa ngo-1966.

Ngabe iRenault isebenzisane nini neAmerican Motors Corporation?

AbakwaRenault babebambisene ngokubambisana neNash Motors Rambler neAmerican Motors Corporation. Ngo-1962, abakwaRenault bahlanganisa amakhithi e-Rambler Classic sedan disassembly esitshalweni sayo eBelgium. IRambler Renault ibiyenye yezimoto zakwaMercedes Fintail.

AbakwaRenault bahlanganyele neAmerican Motors, bathenga ama-22,5% enkampani ngo-1979. I-R5 ibiyimodeli yokuqala yakwaRenault edayiswe ngabathengisi be-AMC. I-AMC yahlangabezana nezinkinga ezithile yazithola isengcupheni yokuqothuka. AbakwaRenault bakhiphe i-AMC ngokheshi bagcina ngo-47,5% we-AMC. Umphumela walobu budlelwano ukumakethwa kwezimoto zakwaJeep eYurophu. Kusetshenziswe namasondo kwaRenault nezihlalo.

Ngemuva kwakho konke, abakwaRenault bathengisa i-AMC kuChrysler kulandela ukubulawa kukasihlalo weRenault uGeorges Besse ngo-1987. Ukungeniswa kweRenault kwaphela ngemuva kuka-1989.

Ngalesi sikhathi kwaRenault baphinde basungula izinkampani ezingasizakala nabanye abakhiqizi abaningi. Lokhu kufaka iDacia eRomania naseNingizimu Melika, kanye neVolvo nePeugeot. Lezi zokugcina kube ukusebenzisana kwezobuchwepheshe futhi kwaholela ekwakhiweni kweRenault 30, Peugeot 604 neVolvo 260.

Ngenkathi uPeugeot ethola iCitroen, ubudlelwano neRenault bancishiswa, kepha ukukhiqizwa kokusebenzisana kwaqhubeka.

Wabulawa nini uGeorges Besse?

UBesse waba yinhloko yeRenault ngoJanuwari 1985. Ujoyine le nkampani ngesikhathi iRenault ibingenzi nzuzo.

Ekuqaleni, wayengathandwa kakhulu, izimboni ezivaliwe futhi wadiliza abasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-20 000. UBess ukhuthaze ubambiswano ne-AMC, okungavunyelwanga yiwo wonke umuntu. Wabuye wathengisa izimpahla eziningi, kufaka phakathi isiteki sakhe kwaVolvo, futhi wacishe wakhipha iRenault ngokuphelele kumotorsport.

Kodwa-ke, uGeorges Besse wayiguqula ngokuphelele inkampani futhi wabika inzuzo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe.

Wabulawa yi-Action Directe, iqembu lamasosha anokhahlo, kwaboshwa abesifazane ababili bathweswa icala lokubulala. Babanga ukuthi wabulawa ngenxa yezinguquko eRenault. Lokhu kubulala kuxhumene nezingxoxo mayelana nenkampani yenuzi i-Eurodif.
URaymond Levy ungene esikhundleni sikaBess, oqhubeke nokusika inkampani. Ngo-1981, kwakhululwa iRenault 9, eyavotelwa njenge-European Car of the Year. Ithengiswe kahle eFrance kodwa yadlulwa yiRenault 11.

AbakwaRenault bayikhiphe nini iClio?

I-Renault Clio yakhululwa ngoMeyi 1990. Kwakuyimodeli yokuqala ukufaka izihlonzi zedijithali ngamapulethi wamagama. Kwavotelwa i-European Car of the Year futhi yayingenye yezimoto ezathengiswa kakhulu eYurophu ngawo-1990. Uhlale engumdayisi omkhulu futhi ubongwa kakhulu ngokubuyisa isithunzi seRenault.

IRenault Clio 16V Classic Nicole Papa Commercial

Isizukulwane sesibili i-Clio yakhululwa ngo-March 1998 futhi yayiyindilinga kuneyandulelayo. Ngo-2001, kwenziwa i-facelift enkulu, lapho ukubukeka kwashintshwa khona futhi injini ye-diesel engu-1,5-litre yengezwa. UClio ubesesigabeni sesithathu ngo-2004, kwathi ngowesine ngo-2006. Yayinengemuva elilungiswe kabusha kanye nokucaciswa okuthuthukisiwe kwawo wonke amamodeli.

IClio yamanje ikuSigaba 2009 futhi yakhishwa ngo-Ephreli XNUMX enengaphambili elakhiwe kabusha.

Ngo-2006, yaphinde yabizwa nge-European Car of the Year, okwenza kwaba ngenye yezimoto ezintathu kuphela ezanikezwa lesi sicoco. Amanye amabili yiVolkswagen Golf ne-Opel (Vauxhall) Astra.

Ngabe iRenault yenziwe yangasese nini?

Izinhlelo zokuthengisa amasheya kubatshalizimali bakahulumeni zamenyezelwa ngonyaka we-1994, kwathi ngo-1996 kwaRenault kwase kwenziwa inkampani yangasese ngokugcwele. Lokhu bekusho ukuthi abakwaRenault bangabuyela ezimakethe zaseMpumalanga Yurophu naseNingizimu Melika.

NgoDisemba 1996, abakwaRenault babambisana neGeneral Motors Europe ukusungula izimoto ezithengisa izinto ezilula, kuqale ngesizukulwane sesibili iTrafic.

Kodwa-ke, abakwaRenault bebesafuna ozakwethu ukuze bakwazi ukubhekana nokuhlanganiswa kwemboni.

AbakwaRenault bakha nini umfelandawonye neNissan?

AbakwaRenault bangena ezingxoxweni neBMW, Mitsubishi neNissan, kanti umfelandawonye neNissan waqala ngoMashi 1999.

IRenault-Nissan Alliance kwaba ngeyokuqala ngqa ukubandakanya imikhiqizo yaseJapan neyaseFrance. AbakwaRenault baqale bathola isiteki esingu-36,8% kwaNissan, kwathi abakwaNissan bona bathola u-15% wesiteki esingavoti eRenault. IRenault bekuyinkampani ezimele yodwa, kodwa ibambisene neNissan ukunciphisa izindleko. Baphinde benza ucwaningo ndawonye ezihlokweni ezifana nokuthuthwa okungathathwa yi-zero.

Ngokubambisana, iRenault-Nissan Alliance ilawula izinhlobo eziyishumi ezibandakanya i-Infiniti, iDacia, Alpine, Datsun, Lada neVenucia. UMitsubishi ujoyine i-Alliance kulo nyaka (2017) kanti bebabili bangabakhiqizi abahamba phambili emhlabeni bezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezinabasebenzi ababalelwa ku-450. Ngokubambisana bathengisa ngaphezu kwe-000 ezimotweni eziyi-1 emhlabeni jikelele.

Izimoto zakwaRenault nezikagesi

I-Renault kwakuyi # 2013 ethengisa imoto kagesi ngo-XNUMX.

AbakwaRenault bangena ezivumelwaneni zokukhipha u-zero ngo-2008, kufaka phakathi iPortugal, iDenmark kanye nezwe laseMelika iTennessee ne-Oregon.

IRenault Zoe bekuyimoto kagesi ethengwa kakhulu e-Europe ngo-2015 inababhalisi abangu-18. I-Zoe iqhubekile nokuba yimoto kagesi edayisa kakhulu eYurophu engxenyeni yokuqala ka-453. UZoe wenza ama-2016% ezimotweni zikagesi emhlabeni jikelele ezidayiswayo, iKangoo ZE ngama-54% kuthi iTwizy ibe ngu-24%. ukuthengisa.

Lokhu kusiletha osukwini lwethu. AbakwaRenault bathandwa kakhulu eYurophu futhi izimoto zabo zikagesi ziya ngokuya zithandwa kakhulu njengoba intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe. AbakwaRenault bahlela ukwethula ubuchwepheshe bezimoto ezizimele ngo-2020, kanti iZoe Two esekwe eZoe yethulwa ngoFebhuwari 2014.

AbakwaRenault bayaqhubeka nokuba nendawo ebalulekile embonini yezimoto futhi sicabanga ukuthi bazoqhubeka isikhathi esizayo.