Ukwehla kwamandla emali e-US: Zikhuphuke kanjani izintengo zezimoto ezintsha, esezisetshenzisiwe, izesekeli nokulungiswa kwazo onyakeni odlule.
Okuqukethwe
Ukwehla kwamandla emali kubonakale kungesinye sezici ezilimaza kakhulu umnotho selokhu kwafika ukutheleleka nge-covid, okufake i-White House kanye neFederal Reserve esivivinyweni. Lokhu kukhuphule izindleko zezimoto esezike zasetshenziswa, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezintsha ezilinganiselwe ngenxa yokushoda kwezingxenye, kanye nezikhathi zokulinda ezithintekile zokulungiswa kwezimoto.
Amanani enyuke ngo-8.5% ngoMashi unyaka nonyaka, okuwukunyuka okukhulu konyaka kusukela ngoDisemba 1981. Lokhu kube nomthelela omkhulu emnothweni waseMelika futhi kuthinte imikhakha eyahlukene, omunye wayo owomkhakha wezimoto, osekukhule kakhulu ezindaweni ezahlukene ezifana nentengo kaphethiloli, izimoto ezintsha nezake zasetshenziswa, ngisho nasekukhiqizeni ama-compound nezimoto. ukulungisa. .
Ngokusho kwe-US Bureau of Labor Statistics, imboni yezimoto ibone ukukhula konyaka kusukela ngoMashi 2021 kuya kuMashi 2022:
uphethiloli
- Amafutha emoto: 48.2%
- Uphethiloli (Zonke izinhlobo): 48.0%
- Uphethiloli ojwayelekile ongenawo umthofu: 48.8%
- Uphethiloli ongenayo i-lead webanga elimaphakathi: 45.7%
- Uphethiloli we-Premium unleaded: 42.4%
- Amanye amafutha emoto: 56.5%
- Izimoto ezintsha: 12.5%
- Izimoto ezintsha namaloli: 12.6%
- Amaloli amasha: 12.5%
- Izimoto ezisetshenzisiwe namaloli: 35.3%
- Izingxenye zezimoto nezinto zokusebenza: 14.2%
- Amathayi: 16.4%
- Izesekeli zemoto ngaphandle kwamasondo: 10.5%
- Izingxenye zezimoto nezinto zokusebenza ngaphandle kwamasondo: 8.6%
- Amafutha enjini, okokupholisa noketshezi: 11.5%
- Izinsizakalo zezokuthutha: 7.7%
- Ukuqashwa kwezimoto namaloli: 23.4%
- Ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kwemoto: 4.9%
- Umsebenzi wemoto: 12.4%
- Isevisi nokunakekelwa kwezimoto: 3.6%
- Ukukhanda izimoto: 5.5%
- Umshwalense wezimoto: 4.2%
- Amanani ezimoto: 1.3%
- Ilayisensi yemoto kahulumeni kanye nezimali zokubhalisa: 0.5%
- Izinkokhelo zokupaka nezinye: 2.1%
- Imali yokupaka kanye nezinkokhelo: 3.0%
Izimoto, izingxenye kanye izesekeli
Ezokuthutha namadokhumenti emoto
Ukwehla komnotho kulindeleke kulo nyaka
I-White House kanye ne-Federal Reserve baye baqala izinhlelo eziningana zokuzama ukulawula ukwehla kwamandla emali, kodwa ukukhuphuka kwentengo kaphethiloli, ukudla kanye nenqwaba yeminye imikhiqizo kuyaqhubeka kuthinta izigidi zabantu baseMelika. Umnotho manje kulindeleke ukuthi ukhule ngesivinini esiphansi ngasekupheleni kwalo nyaka, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali kuphoqa amakhaya namabhizinisi ukuthi bahlole ukuthi banciphise ukuthenga kwabo ukuze bavikele isabelomali sabo.
Imininingwane yokwehla kwamandla emali ekhishwe ngoLwesibili yiBureau of Labor Statistics ikhombise amanani entengo enyuke ngo-1.2% ngoMashi kusukela ngoFebhuwari. Izikweletu, izindlu kanye nokudla kube nomthelela omkhulu ekwenyukeni kwamandla emali, okugcizelela ukuthi lezi zindleko bezingenakugwemeka kangakanani.
Ama-Semiconductor chips kanye nezingxenye ezizenzakalelayo
Ukwehla kwamandla emali bekulokhu kuhlezi kuqhathaniswa, noma kuphansi, cishe eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, kodwa kukhuphuke kakhulu njengoba umnotho womhlaba uvela kulolu bhubhane. Abanye osomnotho kanye nabenzi bezomthetho bakholelwa ukuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali kuzokwehla kulo nyaka njengoba izinkinga ze-supply chain zisuswa kanye nezinyathelo zikahulumeni zokuvuselela amandla. Kepha ukuhlasela kweRussia e-Ukraine ngoFebhuwari kwadala ukungaqiniseki okusha futhi kwaqhubeza amanani entengo nakakhulu.
Ama-Semiconductor chips abuyelwe ukushoda, okuholela ekumisweni kokukhiqiza abakhiqizi bezimoto abahlukahlukene, asebeqale ngisho nokuwagcina ezindaweni ezidayiswayo ngesithembiso sokuwafaka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngaleyo ndlela befeza izinhlelo zabo zokulethwa kumakhasimende.
Ukulungiswa kwezitolo zezinsiza nako kuthintekile, njengoba izikhathi zokulethwa bezincike kakhulu ezingxenyeni eziyisipele noma izingxenye, futhi njengoba lezi zingxenye bezishoda, zabiza kakhulu ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu, ngenxa yalokho umnotho wamakhasimende wawuzoba mkhulu nakakhulu. ukungalingani futhi kuholele izimoto zabo ukuthi zime isikhathi eside.
Ashintshe kanjani amanani kagesi?
Imizamo yokuhlukanisa iRussia nayo ibe nomthelela emnothweni womhlaba, yabeka engcupheni ukutholakala kukawoyela, ukolweni nezinye izinto.
Izwe laseRussia lingelinye lamazwe ahamba phambili emhlabeni ngokukhiqiza uwoyela, kanti ukuhlasela kwayo e-Ukraine sekudale ukuthi uhulumeni wase-US namanye amazwe azame ukunqanda amandla eRussia okudayisa amandla. Lokhu kunyakaza kwenyusa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla; Uwoyela ongahluziwe unyuke wafinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu ngenyanga edlule futhi ukukhuphuka kwentengo kaphethiloli kwalandela ngokushesha.
. Abaphathi beBiden bamemezele ngoLwesibili ukuthi i-Environmental Protection Agency iyahamba ukuze ivumele ukuthengiswa kukaphethiloli ohlanganisiwe ehlobo ukuze kukhuliswe ukutholakala, yize imiphumela yalokho ingacaci. Ziyi-2,300 kuphela iziteshi zikaphethiloli kwezingu-150,000 ezweni ezihlinzeka ngophethiloli we-E ezizothinteka.
Umbiko wokwehla kwamandla emali kaNdasa (March) ukhombise ukuthi umkhakha wezamandla ushayeke kabi kangakanani. Sekukonke, inkomba yamandla inyuke ngo-32.0% uma iqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule. Inkomba kaphethiloli inyuke ngo-18.3% ngoMashi ngemuva kokukhuphuka ngo-6.6% ngoFebhuwari. Ngisho noma amanani kawoyela ehla, umthelela welebula legalaji likaphethiloli usaqhubeka nokuthwala izikhwama zemali zabantu futhi uphazamisa umbono wabo womnotho uwonke.
Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule, izikhulu ze-White House kanye ne-Federal Reserve zazilindele ukuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali kuqale ukwehla kusukela ngenyanga edlule. Kepha lezo zibikezelo zaqedwa ngokushesha ukuhlasela kweRussia, ukuvalwa kwe-Covid ezikhungweni ezinkulu zokukhiqiza zaseChina, kanye neqiniso elidabukisayo lokuthi ukwehla kwamandla emali kuyaqhubeka nokungena kuwo wonke amafa emnothweni.
Kuthiwani ngezintengo zezimoto esezike zasetshenziswa, izimoto ezintsha, kanye nokushoda kwama-semiconductor chips?
Noma kunjalo, umbiko wokwehla kwamandla emali kaNdasa unikeze ithemba elithile. Izintengo zezimoto ezintsha nesezike zasetshenziswa zinciphisa izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali njengoba ukushoda kwama-semiconductor emhlabeni jikelele kushayisana nesidingo esimangalisayo sabathengi. Kodwa .
Ngenkathi ukwanda kukaphethiloli kudala kugqugquzele abathengi ukuthi bashintshele kwezinye izindlela zomnotho, ukushoda kwezinto zokwakha okubangelwa ubhubhane kanye nama-semiconductors kunciphise kakhulu ukuhlinzekwa kwezimoto ezintsha. Izintengo zezimoto nazo zisezingeni lamarekhodi, ngakho-ke noma uthola okuthile ofuna ukukuthenga, uzokhokha kakhulu ngakho.
Isilinganiso sezindleko zemoto entsha sikhuphuke safinyelela ku-$46,085 ngoFebhuwari, futhi njengoba uJessica Caldwell, isikhulu solwazi e-Edmunds, aphawula ku-imeyili, izimoto zikagesi zanamuhla zivame ukuba yizinketho ezibiza kakhulu. Njengoba u-Edmunds ebonisa, uma ungayithola, isilinganiso senani lokuthengiselana lemoto entsha kagesi ngoFebhuwari kwakuyidola (nakuba kungacaci ukuthi ukuphumula kwentela kusithinta kanjani leso sibalo).
Ukwesaba ukuwohloka komnotho okuqhubekayo
Ukwehla kwamandla emali kubonakale kungesinye sezici ezilimaza kakhulu zokululama kulolu bhubhane, okuthelele kakhulu amakhaya ezweni lonke. Amarenti ayakhuphuka, igilosa ibiza kakhulu, futhi amaholo ehla ngokushesha emindenini ezama nje ukukhokhela izidingo ezingenalutho. Okubi kakhulu, akukho ukuphumula okusheshayo okubonakalayo. Idatha yocwaningo lwe-New York Federal Reserve yabonisa ukuthi ngoNdasa wezi-2022, abathengi base-US babelindele ukwehla kwamandla emali ku-6,6% ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezizayo, uma kuqhathaniswa no-6.0% ngoFebhuwari. Lesi yisibalo esiphezulu selokhu kwaqala ucwaningo ngo-2013 kanye nokugxuma okubukhali kwenyanga nenyanga.
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