Igama lifanele amagama angama-800: McLaren Senna

Njengoba umangazwa ukwakheka okuyingozi kwe-Ultimate yakamuva yakwaMcLarn (amamodeli aklanyelwe ngokuyinhloko noma enzelwe ukuzijabulisa nje kuphela emjahweni womjaho), qala ucabange ukuthi ngokuzumayo izongena kolunye uhlobo lwerobhothi eliguqulayo elibulalayo elinezinto eziningi kangaka ezisemoyeni emzimbeni. ... Ngakho-ke lena ayinayo imigqa ehlanzekile etholakala ezimotweni ezinjengeMcLarna 720S ne-P1. Ngasikhathi sinye, kunenkolelo yokuthi abaklami baveze ngokungazi ulimi olwehlukanisiwe ekuphishekeleni kwabo amafomu ezinto eziphilayo, abazama ngawo ukunika ukusebenza kwemoto ngokuphelele. Awukho umugqa owodwa emzimbeni ongaphazanyiswa ukungena komoya. Ngakho-ke, kusobala ukuthi lapho beklama imoto, abaklami bafuna ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu, hhayi ubuhle.

Umkhiqizo waseBrithani waba ngowokuqala ukwenza imoto eyiFormula 1 ehlala abantu abane nge-carbon fiber (MP4 / 1 kusuka ngo-1981), kanye nemoto yokuqala yomgwaqo (i-F1 kusukela ngo-1990) isuselwa kulento engasindi. Kusukela lapho, uMcLaren usebenzise lolu hlobo lomklamo kuzo zonke izimoto zomgwaqo. ISenna iyona elula kuze kube manje. Inesisindo esingu-1.198 kg nje, okungama-200 kg ngaphansi kunemoto ye-P1 hypersport (uhlelo lwe-hybrid luyasinda) nama-85 kg angaphansi kuka-720S, nawo angakhonjwa ekongeni ezintweni eziningi nengaphakathi elingenalutho.

UMcLaren Senna akakhohlisi muntu ngokuthi imoto yakhelwe ukusetshenziswa nsuku zonke. Kuyimoto yamahhashi engenacala, uMcLarne akwazi ukuyibhalisela ukusetshenziswa komgwaqo kuphela ngemuva komzamo omkhulu nokuxoxisana. Ukuze ukwenze kucace, vele ubheke i-giant fender enkulu ngemuva, noma ingadluli ngale komphetho ongemuva wemoto.

Uma usondela kuSenna, yonke into isebenza ngokwethusa (kusukela ngokubenyezela okubi okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla) - ngisho nangaphambi kokuba anyakaze. Vele, naphezu kwethuba lokuyethula ngemuva kwe-Estoril edume, ngeke siphuthelwe. Ekugcineni, wonke amakhophi ahleliwe angu-500 athengiswa aphela (cishe ama-euro ayisigidi ngemoto ngayinye) ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kushicilelwe ukukhishwa kwezindaba zokuqala. Lokhu kungasho kuphela ukuthi abathengi abacebile bebebheke ngabomvu ukuthola izandla zabo "kumntwana" wabo omusha. Futhi ngemva kokwethulwa kokuqala, singakuqinisekisa ukuthi babenesizathu esihle salokhu.

Lapho singena ngomnyango ovulekela phezulu, sigqoke kahle amasudi okugijima, amagilavu, nesigqoko sokuzivikela, ukushaya kwenhliziyo yethu kuyashesha. Umsebenzi ulula kunabanye esincintisana nabo, njengoba umnyango, onesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayisishiyagalolunye kuphela, noma uhhafu wosayizi womnyango kaMcLaren P1, nawo uphakamisa uphahla oluningi ngesikhathi sokuvula. I-cockpit yomkhumbi-mkhathi ilawulwa yi-carbon fiber ebonakalayo ne-Alcantara futhi yakhelwe eduze ne-monocoque McLarn ehlala isikhathi eside kunayo yonke eyake yakhiwa, ebizwa ngeMonocage III. Iqhude futhi liyehluka ngokuthi lisuswe konke okungadingeki ukufeza amandla okushayela ahamba phambili nejubane eliphezulu. Ukubuka kwangaphambili kuhle, okujwayelekile kuMcLarne, okungcono kakhulu kunokubukwa kohlangothi, lapho kunqunyelwe khona ngopulasitiki ocacile emnyango, ongashintshwa ngamapaneli engilazi (kodwa asindayo) ngentando. Ukubuka kwangemuva kubi kakhulu ngenxa yokuqiniswa kwesakhiwo ngemuva kwekhebhu nephiko elikhulu langemuva elilawulwa ngogesi elenziwa ngogesi elinesisindo esingamakhilogremu amahlanu nje kuphela kodwa elingamelana nengcindezi ye-aerodynamic ephindwe kayikhulu isisindo sayo.

Lapho umshayeli ethola inkinobho yokuqala injini efakwe ngaphezu kwefasitela lomoya ukuvimbela izilawuli phambi kwabashayeli ngangokunokwenzeka kulabo abadinga kakhulu ukulawula ukuhamba kwemoto, sekuyisikhathi sokuqala imizuzu eyi-15 esheshayo yokuphila, engakwazi sondela kakhulu ekubeni yilokho uPink Floyds ake wakubiza ngokuthi "ukulahleka kwengqondo okusheshayo." Ngemuva komshayeli kukhona uphethiloli ongu-V8 ophethe uphethiloli onamandla amakhulu angu-597 okhishwa okungenani ngama-kilowatts angu-800 noma “amandla amahhashi” angama-800 kanye ne-torque engu-800 Newton metres, imishini ye-aerodynamic eseduze kwemoto, ngenhla nangaphansi, okufanele isize ukunqoba amathayi i-asphalt. Ingcindezi ye-aerodynamic ifinyelela (futhi) ama-250 kilogram kumakhilomitha angama-800 ngehora lapho imoto ikumodi yomjaho. Ukube bekungekhona ukuxhumana phakathi kwemoto nomjaho odumile okuvela kuye (efuna isihloko somgwaqo ohamba phambili (ngokulambisa) imoto yomjaho wezomthetho emhlabeni) uMcLaren waboleka igama layo, uSenna ngokuqinisekile wayezobizwa ngoMcLaren. XNUMXS.

Lo mphumela we-aerodynamic uphakeme ngamaphesenti angama-40 kune-McLaren P1 (futhi kumodi yomjaho). Ukuthambekela kophiko kungashintshwa umshayeli (ngosizo lwekhompyutha, kunjalo) ngamadigri angu-0,3 kuye ngokuthi ijubane ngemizuzwana engu-0,7-25 kanye nendawo ye-DRS (Drag Reduction System - uhlelo lokunciphisa ukudonsa kwe-aerodynamic, njengakuFomula 1) endaweni evuleke kakhulu ithuthela endaweni lapho inikeza imoto ukubamba okuhamba emoyeni kakhulu. Ezinye izinto ezibalulekile ze-aerodynamic amafenda angaphambili asebenzayo kanye ne-twin rear diffuser (kokubili i-carbon fiber, yebo) eyenza i-vacuum ngaphansi kwemoto. Njenge-McLarn P1, enye yamandla amakhulu ezobuchwepheshe e-Senna ukumiswa kwe-hydraulic (lapho isekethe ye-hydraulic ithatha indawo yemithombo yensimbi evamile kodwa igcina iziphethu ezincane zakudala ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukumiswa okuncane) okusebenzisana ne-aerodynamics. Uma umshayeli ekhetha i-Race mode, imoto yehlisa ngamasentimitha amane ngaphambili namasentimitha amathathu ngemuva, okwenza umzimba utsheke uvumelane ne-optimal aerodynamics. I-suspension iqine kakhulu, isiteringi siyakwazi ukusabela futhi i-accelerator pedal inembile ukuze umshayeli akwazi ukuthola umthamo ofanele wamandla netorque nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Kubalulekile ukuthi sichaze kabanzi ukuthi kwenzekani ku-Race mode, njengoba singayisebenzisa kuphela kuleyo mizuzu engu-15 yokushayela ku-Estoril race track.

Amamitha angamakhulu ambalwa okuqala asenza sikholwe ukuthi iqhugwane ayinazo izinto zokumunca umsindo esizaziyo kwezinye izimoto zomgwaqo zakwaMcLarn nezinye ezicishe zibe lukhuni njengeFord GT yakamuva, nokuthi imoto idlulisa imininingwane ivela ku-tarmac ngokunemba okumangazayo . Kungaba okuthokozisayo ukuhlola ukuthi chassis isebenza kanjani emigwaqeni yomphakathi, kepha noma ngabe inezinga elincane lokushayela, asingabazi ukuthi iSenna izongena emlandweni njengemoto yomgwaqo kaMcLaren engakhululeki kakhulu eyake yakhiwa.

Amathayi ayesefudumala kancane phakathi naleso sikhathi, futhi sathola imvume kumshayeli onolwazi (owayengumgijimi okhokhelwayo) yokunyusa isivinini lapho imoto ibonakala ingenalo ulaka kunalokho esasikulindele. Kodwa njengoba ijubane likhula, uzwa ukuthi ukuma komzimba (noma... ukuma) kwenza umoya unyakaze lapho onjiniyela nabo befuna ukuthi uhambe khona. Kodwa ukuzuza kokudonsa kuhlala kuqhubekela phambili, ngaphandle kokukhuphuka okubukhali noma ukuwa, ngohlobo lwe-crescendo ebikezelwayo enemilolozelo ngesivinini. Ukuntuleka okubonakala cishe okuphelele kwe-inertia (ngenxa yesisindo esincane) ngesikhathi esifanayo kunezela umuzwa wokuphuthuma kunoma yikuphi ukusheshisa, ukwehla noma ukuguqulwa kwendlela. Akungabazeki ukuthi amandla engeziwe / isisindo esincane / ifomula yokubamba engaphezulu kwe-aerodynamic iletha imiphumela oyifunayo. Futhi lokho kunesiteringi samandla esingcono kakhulu sikaMcLaren esake saba naso, amathayi e-Pirelli Trophy aklanywe ngokukhethekile anenhlanganisela entsha yerabha uMcLarn athi inyusa ukusheshiswa kwe-lateral ngo-0,2-0,3 Gs, kanye nesistimu yokubhuleka ngekhabhoni ekhethekile. amakhoyili e-ceramic. Ngokuka-Andrew Palmer (Umqondisi Wezokuthuthukiswa Kochungechunge Oluphelele), bangasebenza emazingeni okushisa apholile ngamaphesenti angu-20 kunokujwayelekile - ama-degree angu-150, okuwenza abe mancane futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo aphumelele ngamaphesenti angu-60 kunawo. .. isasetshenziswa kwaMcLarn namuhla. Futhi izinombolo ziyayisekela: USenna ufika esitobhini esiphelele esingu-100 kph ngamamitha angu-200 nje kuphela, ngakho ukwazile ukukwenza ngamamitha angu-16 ngaphambi kweMcLaren P1 (yebo, lokhu ngokwengxenye kungenxa yobuningi be-P1 hypersport). .

Izinombolo? Bangase bangayixoxi yonke indaba, kepha bangasiza kakhulu ekuqondeni. Injini efanayo yama-twin-turbo V8 enamalitha amane esetshenziswa uMcLaren ekulungiselelweni okuhlukahlukene (kulokhu, ithuthukisa "amandla amahhashi" angama-63 no-80 Nm ngaphezu kweMcLaren P1), inikeza inhlanganisela eshiwo ngenhla yamandla wehhashi angu-800 x 2 ". amabutho "namamitha aseNewton). Ngosizo lwejubane elikhulu (kodwa mhlawumbe hhayi ngesihluku kakhulu kubagibeli okufanele bashayele le moto), ukudluliswa okuyisivinini esine-double-clutch kuyithumela kuwo womane amasondo. Ngasikhathi sinye, kukhombisa ukusebenza okumangazayo: imizuzwana engu-2,8 kuya kumakhilomitha ayi-100 ngehora ukusuka kokuma, imizuzwana engu-6,8 kuya kumakhilomitha angama-200 ngehora, imizuzwana engu-17,5 kuya kumakhilomitha angama-300 ngehora nesivinini esiphezulu samakhilomitha angama-340 ngehora.

Kepha ngenxa yokuthi ngibe nenhlanhla yokuhlola izimoto ezifana neBugatti Chiron, Porsche 911 GT2 RS, noma imoto yeFormula 1, izinombolo akuzona ezingihlabe umxhwele kakhulu ngeMcLaren Senna, noma kunjalo. Kunzima ngokomzimba ukuphatha amandla amakhulu kangaka e-longitudinal kanye ne-lateral. Kulokhu, uzomangala ngokukhululeka okuhamba ngemoto ngejubane lomjaho, ngokuzinza okuhlukile, ukubambelela nokunemba, kuze kufike ezingeni elinzima ngisho nangobuchopho obunolwazi olunzulu lokushayela izivivinyo ezinkulu zezitimela gaya. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ziphinde zenziwe kabusha ngaphandle kokuphuthelwa yibhuleki ngaphambi kokungena ekhoneni noma ukuqhubeka nejubane eliphezulu, ngoba "ukushintshwa kwe-chip" ebuchosheni bomuntu akunakwenzeka ngokushesha okungako. Ingxoxo nayo iyiqiniso: ekuqaleni, imoto icishe yama kaningana ngaphambi kokungena ekhoneni, ngenxa yokusebenzisa amabhuleki asebenza ngaphambi kwesikhathi (esizwa yi-aerodynamics). Kuyihlazo okuncane, kunjalo, yize ukuzidela kwami ​​kwangithethelela ngalokhu, ikakhulukazi uma kunikezwa isikhathi esifushane salesi seshini ngaphandle kokubheka isikhathi.

Ekupheleni kwalolu lwazi oluyingqayizivele ngemuva kwesondo lemoto yomjaho engenakulinganiswa evunyelwe ukuvela emigwaqeni yomphakathi ngezikhathi ezithile, ngiyakuqinisekisa ukuthi iMcLaren entsha iyashesha, ishesha futhi ayesabi ukwedlula umuntu osesondweni unengqondo eyanele. Ukubona imoto ezandleni ezinekhono kunqunyelwe isibhakabhaka kuphela. Izulu uqobo lapho u-Ayrton Senna mhlawumbe aziqhenyayo ngale ntela kumakhono akhe okushayela angaphezu kwavamile.

Umjaho Wenkanyezi eCockpit

Izihlalo zomjaho zingahanjiswa phambili naphambili emuva kusetshenziswa izingalo ezishibilikayo ngaphansi, kanti nemodyuli yomshayeli yokugudluza ama-seven-speed dual-clutch transmission nayo ingahanjiswa nesihlalo somshayeli. Ama-pedals alungisiwe, aminyene, futhi isondo lokushayela elihlanganiswe yi-Alcantara aliphazamisi (elinama-levers eshintshwayo ngemuva) futhi liyakwazi ukuphakama ukuphakama ukuze ukwazi ukuthola indawo yokuhlala ekahle kakhulu. Abashayeli bazungezwe izikrini ezimbili ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu ezibonisa amathuluzi kanye ne-interface yohlelo lwe-infotainment enemidwebo elula kakhulu ukugcina umshayeli egxile kwimithwalo yakhe yokushayela. Ideshibhodi ingashintshwa izungezwe i-eksisi yayo ukuze iphenduke ulayini omncane okhombisa umshayeli idatha ebalulekile kuphela futhi ithathe isikhala esincane. Izihlalo zomjaho we-slim carbon fiber zilula kakhulu, ngasinye sinesisindo esingama-3,5 kilograms kuphela futhi sihlanganisa ngokuphelele umgibeli kanye nemizimba yabagibeli bangaphambili, evikelwe ngokwengeziwe ngehhanisi lokugijima elinamaphuzu ayisithupha. Akunasiphephetha-moya, kepha ungayithola ngaphandle kwezindleko ezengeziwe, njengohlelo lomsindo lweBowers & Wilkins. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi iSenna yokuqala ibinama-air conditioner amabili kuphela, kuyacaca ukuthi yini okuthandwa ngabanikazi abasha. Isimo sokujaha kuleli gumbi ekugcineni siqinisekiswa uhlelo lweziphuzo olunamandla, olunikeza umshayeli i-hydration eyanele phakathi nohambo olude ku-track yomjaho.

Ngabe ukusebenza ukumiswa wokubacindezela

Iziphethu zekhoyili eziqinile zishintshiwe kuSenna kwafakwa i-hydraulic circuit. Kunemithombo emincane, elula futhi ethambile, kodwa kuphela ezingeni eliyisisekelo lokulawula. Uhlelo, oluxhunywe kokuningi kuwo womabili ama-ekseli, lusebenza njengentwasahlobo yesithathu phakathi kwepheya ngalinye lamasondo. Uma isondo elilodwa kuphela lilayishiwe, i-reservoir igcwele kuphela uketshezi lwe-hydraulic oluvela ohlangothini olulodwa, okuvimbela umphumela wokunciphisa imoto. Lapho ijika, i-reservoir ayigcwali njengoba uketshezi olusebenza ngamanzi lugeleza ngokukhululekile ku-ekseli ngaphandle kokuthinta i-lean. Kodwa-ke, uma womabili amasondo elayishwe ku-ekseli efanayo ngesikhathi esifanayo ngenxa yokudonsela phansi noma ukusheshisa kwe-longitudinal noma ukwehla, uketshezi lugeleza lusuka ezinhlangothini zombili luye endaweni eningi lapho luhlangabezana khona nokumelana futhi ngaleyo ndlela lunciphise ukuphakamisa noma usinki. umzimba. Ngesikhathi sokubhuleka, le nqubo yakhelwe ukuzinzisa futhi ivimbele i-axle yangaphambili ukuthi ingami, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise ukuncika phambili futhi inikeze ukudonsa okungcono kumasondo angemuva. Inqubo ephambene yenzeka ngemuva lapho ishesha - uhlelo alumvumeli ukuthi ahlale ngemuva futhi aqinisekise ukuthi amasondo angaphambili awazami ukuhlukana ne-asphalt. Imiphumela efanayo ingafinyelelwa ngezindlela zemishini, kodwa uhlelo lwe-hydraulic lunezinye izinzuzo ezimbili: ibanga lemoto eliguquguqukayo ukusuka phansi kanye nokuqina okuguquguqukayo kokumiswa.

Ukushayela kukaSenna emjahweni womjaho wase-Estoril kuhambisana nemoto njengoba umshayeli waseBrazil aqala ukunqoba iFormula 1985 ngonyaka ka-1 kulo mjaho womjaho. Izinombolo ziyazikhulumela: USenna ubehambe kancane ngemizuzwana emithathu kunabagibeli beGT3 emjahweni wokugcina kulo mzila. kuthrekhi yomjaho, ibuye ibe nokusheshisa okungcono kakhulu, ukubopha amabhuleki, ukwehlisa ijubane kuneMcLarna P1 ne-720S ehlaba umxhwele.

+6 km / h ekugcineni kwentambo maqondana neMcLaren 720S

Ukubhayiza izindiza ngamamitha ayi-13 kamuva kune-720S namamitha angama-29 kamuva kuneMcLaren P1.

Jika u-5: +10 km / h (+ 0,12 G) njengoMcLaren 720S

Jika ku-13: + 8 km / h (+ 0,19 G) ngama-720S kanye + 5 km / h nge-P1