Amathoyizi eMontessori - kuyini?

Amathoyizi aseMontessori athandwa kakhulu namuhla kangangokuthi izitolo zivame ukuba namashalofu ahlukene awo, futhi izinkulisa ziwabhala emaflaya awo njengebhonasi eyengeziwe yokukhuthaza abazali ukuthi bakhethe umkhiqizo. Ayini amathoyizi eMontessori? Zihlobene kanjani nendlela yeMontessori? Kungenzeka yini ukufaka amathoyizi avamile esikhundleni sawo? Ake sithole!

Ukuze sichaze imininingwane yamathoyizi eMontessori, sidinga ukufunda okungenani izisekelo ezimbalwa zendlela eyakhiwe nguMaria Montessori. Kwakuyisiqalo se-pedagogy egxile ekukhuleni komuntu ngamunye kwengane. Ngenxa yalokhu, wakha indlela yokufundisa esasetshenziswa futhi esathuthukiswa nanamuhla.

UMaria Montessori waqala ukunaka isidingo sokubona ingane futhi ilandele ukukhula kwayo, amakhono nezithakazelo zakhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, wakhetha futhi wahlela izigaba ezibucayi ezenza kube lula ukuhlela ngokunembile ububanzi nezihloko zemfundo, kucatshangelwa iminyaka yengane.

Ungakhetha kanjani amathoyizi eMontessori?

Ukuze ukhethe kahle amathoyizi okufundisa ngale ndlela, kuyadingeka ukwazi izigaba ezibucayi okungenani ngokwemibandela evamile. Isigaba esibucayi yisikhathi lapho ingane izwela kakhulu endabeni ethile, inentshisekelo kuyo, ibheka indlela yokuxhumana nalesi sihloko futhi yazi. Umzali kufanele asebenzise leli lukuluku lemvelo ngokunikeza izinto zokwakha nezinsiza, nangokuhlanganyela emisebenzini eyanelisa ilukuluku lomntwana.

Futhi mfushane kakhulu. Ukunyakaza kubalulekile kusukela ekuzalweni kuya onyakeni wokuzalwa. Phakathi konyaka owodwa kuya kweyisithupha, ingane izwela ngokukhethekile olimini (inkulumo, ukufunda). Iminyaka engu-6-2 - ukuhleleka, iminyaka engu-4-3 - ukubhala, iminyaka engu-6-2 - umculo, ukufunda ngezinzwa, izibalo, ubudlelwano bendawo. Izigaba ezizwelayo zibekwe phezulu komunye nomunye, zihlanganiswe, ngezinye izikhathi ziza ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma kamuva. Ukuba nolwazi oluyisisekelo ngabo nokubheka ingane, kulula ukuqaphela ukuthi yiziphi izindawo ezingcono kakhulu ukusekela ukukhula kwengane okwamanje. Yebo, sidinga kuphela ukukhetha izinsiza ezifanele, okungukuthi ... amathoyizi.

I-Montessori Aids - Iyini?

Ngisho neminyaka eyi-10 edlule, sasingakwazi ukuhlangabezana negama elithi abasizi baseMontessori, ngoba ngokuvamile izingane zazizisebenzisa emahhovisi abelaphi kanye nabafundisi kabusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zazithengwa ezitolo ezimbalwa noma zi-odwe kuma-artisan, okwakuzenza zibize kakhulu. Ngenhlanhla, ngokuthandwa kwendlela yeMontessori, lezi zinsiza zaqala ukutholakala kabanzi, zavela ezinguqulweni ezishibhile, futhi ngokuvamile zazibizwa ngokuthi amathoyizi.

Amathoyizi eMontessori, ngaphezu kwakho konke, alula ngokuma nangombala ukuze angacasuli ingane. Imvamisa zenziwa ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme. Akukho futhi imfuhlumfuhlu yezici eziningi kakhulu noma iziphazamiso ezengeziwe. Ubulula bazo bukhuthaza izingane ukuthi ziqambe kusukela ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila. Imvamisa, abazali ababona amathoyizi eMontessori okokuqala bawathola "eyisicefe". Akukho lutho olungalungile - okuhlangenwe nakho kwezinkulungwane zothisha nabazali kuqinisekisa ukuthi yizinhlobo ezinesizotha ngempela ezivusa ilukuluku lezingane.

Yimaphi amanye amathoyizi okufanele abe ngendlela yeMontessori? Ijwayelane nobudala namandla engane (isib. usayizi) nokufinyeleleka kuyo. Iyatholakala, okungukuthi, lapho ingane ifinyelela khona. UMaria Montessori ugcizelele ukuthi ingane kufanele ikwazi ukukhetha ngokuzimela futhi isebenzise amathoyizi. Ngakho-ke, emakamelweni ezingane ezikhuliswe ngokulandela indlela yokufundisa, amashalofu aphansi futhi afinyelela ku-100 - 140 cm ubude.

Sibuyekeza amathoyizi eMontessori athakazelisa kakhulu

Amathoyizi eMontessori angakhethwa ngokuya ngeminyaka yengane, isigaba esibucayi, noma uhlobo lokufunda oludinga ukusekela. Izindlela ezimbili zokuqala zisobala, ngakho ake sigxile kweyesithathu. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza ingane amathoyizi akhuthaza intuthuko ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Kusho ukuthini? Ungathengi imanuwali yolimi lwesihlanu uma ungakabi nayo izibalo, isayensi, noma ithoyizi lokuprakthiza eshalofini lezincwadi lengane yakho.

Isibonelo, uma sifuna ukunakekela ukufunda ngokusebenza ngezandla, singasebenzisa izinsiza ezizokwenza kube lula ukuphatha imisebenzi eyisisekelo yansuku zonke njengokuzisiza noma ukuhlela indawo. Lokhu kungaba amakhithi okuhlanza noma ibhulashi lengadi lokushanela ithala noma umgwaqo. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi lena imikhiqizo eyenza umsebenzi wenziwe. Noma, ngokwesibonelo, amathoyizi akuvumela ukuthi uhlanganyele ekuzisizeni - bopha izintambo zezicathulo noma ubophe izingubo.

Ngokudlala kwangaphandle, mhlawumbe sinokukhetha okukhanga kakhulu kwamathoyizi aseMontessori. Zonke izinhlobo zezithombe, ezibonisa ukubukeka kwemvelo kwezilwane nezitshalo, zinhle futhi zikhonzwe yizingane ezisuka eminyakeni emi-3 kuye kweyishumi. Amaphekhi etimu ye-Safari afanelwe isincomo esikhethekile. Umzimba womuntu kufanele futhi ube yinto ebalulekile yemfundo yesayensi kusukela ekuqaleni.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abazali bavame ukusebenzisa amathoyizi olimi (isb. izinhlamvu zokhuni) namathoyizi ezibalo (isib. okuqinile kwejiyomethri). Mhlawumbe ngoba bafuna izingane zabo ziqale ukuya enkulisa nasesikoleni kalula ngangokunokwenzeka.

Kunamathoyizi amaningi asekela ukuthuthukiswa kwengane ngokuhambisana nokucatshangelwa kukaMontessori. Ngaphezu kwalezi esizifunde kulesi sihloko, uzothola umculo, ubuciko, amathuluzi ezinzwa, kanye namakhithi enziwe ngomumo, njengamatshe okudala noma amathuluzi alungiselelwe ngokukhethekile. Eqinisweni, kwanele ukwazi i-pedagogical postulates kaMaria Montsori futhi wena ngokwakho uzokwazi ukukhetha amathoyizi afanele umntwana azowasebenzisa ngokujabulisayo futhi azuze.

Ungathola ezinye izindatshana ezifanayo ku-AvtoTachki Pasje