Ubuchwepheshe bezimoto besikhathi esizayo (2020-2030)

Kulesi sikhathi semisebenzi emisha yezobuchwepheshe, wonke umuntu izimoto zangomuso maduzane kuzoba ngokoqobo. Kubukeka sengathi izimoto esisanda kuzibona emafilimini ezinganekwane zizongena maduze nje esteshini. Futhi umuntu angacabanga kalula ukuthi kwezimbalwa ezilandelayo iminyaka, esikhathini sika-2020 - 2030, lezi zimoto zesikhathi esizayo zizovele zibe ngokoqobo futhi zitholakale kubathengi abajwayelekile.

Kulesi simo, kuyadingeka ukuthi sonke sikulungele lokhu futhi sazi nobuchwepheshe bezimoto bakusasa, ezisuselwa kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS).

Yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa yizimoto zesikhathi esizayo?

Ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe manje buthuthukiswa bezimoto zesikhathi esizayonjenge-Artificial Intelligence (AI), i-Intanethi Yezinto (IoT) neBig Data. Lokhu, ikakhulukazi, kunikeza indawo ama-Intelligent Transportation Systems, akwazi ukuguqula izimoto ezejwayelekile zibe izimoto ezihlakaniphile.

Ama-Intelligent Transport Systems hlinzeka ngezinga lokuzenzakalela nokucutshungulwa kolwazi okuvumela izimoto ukuthi zihambe ngokuzimela (ngaphandle komshayeli).

Ngokwesibonelo, imodeli ezithakazelisayo - sibonelo Rolls-Royce Vision 100 yaklanywa ngaphandle izihlalo zangaphambili kanye nesondo lokuqondisa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imoto inobuhlakani bokufakelwa obakhelwe ngaphakathi, ucingo luka-Eleanor, osebenza njengomsizi obonakalayo womshayeli.

Ama-subtypes ahlukahlukene I-AI iyingxenye ebalulekile yazo zonke izimoto zesikhathi esizayo... Ukuqala ku-Natural Language Processing (NLP), enikezela ukuxhumana nabasizi abashayeli bezinto ezibonakalayo, kuComputer Vision, evumela imoto ukukhomba izinto eziseduze (ezinye izimoto, abantu, izimpawu zomgwaqo, njll.).

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, I-IoT inika izimoto zesikhathi esizayo okungakaze kube khona ngaphambili ukufinyelela olwazini lwedijithali. Lobu buchwepheshe, ngokusebenzisa izinzwa namakhamera amaningi, ivumela imoto ukuthi ixhume futhi ishintshe idatha namanye amadivayisi ahlobene nomgwaqo (ezinye izimoto, amarobhothi, imigwaqo ehlakaniphile, njll.).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-LiDAR (Ukutholwa Kokukhanya nokuRing). Lolu hlelo lususelwa ekusetshenzisweni kwama-laser sensors atholakala phezulu emotweni eskena i-360 ° ezungeze imoto. Lokhu kuvumela imoto ukuthi yenze ukubonakala kwezinhlangothi ezintathu kwendawo okuyo nezinto eziyizungezile.

Yize bonke lobu buchwepheshe sebuqalile ukusetshenziswa eminyakeni embalwa edlule, kodwa kulindeleke ukuthi ngokuzayo, izimoto zizosebenzisa izinhlobo ezintsha, ezingcono kakhulu, futhi izoba namandla kakhulu futhi yokonga.

Yiziphi izici zezimoto zesikhathi esizayo?

Ezinye zezinto eziphambili imisebenzi yezimoto zesikhathi esizayoukuthi bonke abathanda izimoto bazi:

• Ukukhishwa kwe-Zero. Konke izimoto zesikhathi esizayo zizoba nazo 0 futhi izobe isivele inikwe amandla ama-motors kagesi noma ama-hydrogen systems.
• Isikhala esiningi. Ngeke babe nezinqubo ezinkulu zangaphakathi zomlilo. Ngokuzayo, izimoto zizosebenzisa sonke lesi sikhala ekwakhiweni kwangaphakathi ukuze kube lula ngabagibeli.
• Ukuphepha okukhulu. Ama-Intelligent Transportation Systems azofakwa ezimotweni zesikhathi esizayo anezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
  • Gcina amabanga aphephile ukusuka kwezinye izinto ngenkathi zihamba.
  • Ukuma okuzenzakalelayo.
  • Ukupaka ngokwakho.
• Ukunikezwa kwabaphathi. Izinhlobo eziningi zezimoto zesikhathi esizayo zizokwazi ukushayela ngokuzimela noma ukudlulisa ukulawula. Lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngenxa yezinhlelo ezinjenge-Tesla's Autopilot, enye indlela ephumelelayo Izinhlelo zeLidar. Kuze kube manje, izimoto ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili kakhulu sezifinyelela ku-level 4 autonomy, kodwa kulindeleke ukuthi phakathi kuka-2020 no-2030 zifinyelele ku-level 5.
• Ukudluliswa kolwazi... Njengoba sishilo, ngokuzayo, izimoto zizokwazi ukuxhumana namadivayisi amaningi. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo efana neBMW, iFord, iHonda neVolkswagen isezinhlelweni zokuhlola izimoto, zokuxhumana namarobhothi, nezinye izinhlobo zokuxhumana nokushintshisana ngolwazi, njengeVehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) neVehicle -Ingqalasizinda (V2I).

Futhi, imikhiqizo emikhulu, ngokwesiko, akuyona yodwa leyo thuthukisa izimoto zesikhathi esizayokodwa futhi neminye imikhiqizo emincane efana neTesla kanye nemikhiqizo engazange ihlotshaniswe nokukhiqizwa kwemoto njengeGoogle (Waymo), Uber ne-Apple bayakwenza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, kungekudala, sizobona emigwaqeni, ezimotweni nasezinsizakalweni, zakha izinto ezintsha ngempela, ziyamangalisa futhi ziyajabulisa.