Test drive Honda Civic Uhlobo R: imoto anatomy

Ukwethulwa nokushayela kwe-Honda Civic Type R e-Bulgaria kungesinye isizathu sokuphendukela kumongo walo modeli.

Emuva kokubuyela kwamatshe kuFomula 1 kanye nolunye ushintsho olusuka kumayunithi ashibhile ngokwemvelo ukuya kumayunithi kaphethiloli we-turbo, ukubekezela konjiniyela bakwaHonda sekuzothela izithelo. Ngemuva kweminyaka yokuphumelela kulo mdlalo oyingqayizivele, abaklami nabaphathi bakwaHonda bazizwe benobuchwepheshe obanele bokubuyela endaweni yesigameko. Kodwa izinto seziphenduke zaba inkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi izinjini zanamuhla zokujova okuqondile, ezihlanganiswe nohlelo oluyingxubevange olusebenzisa izindlela ezimbili zokukhiqiza nokuletha amandla, sekuyinselele impela. Izinto bezibukeka zingathembisi kangako ekuqaleni, bekunezinkinga nge-turbocharger nesakhiwo esingajwayelekile, okuholele ekuncipheni kwamandla. Kodwa ngokuqoqwa kwesikhathi nokuthuthukiswa kwesistimu, ukushintsha ukwakheka, izinto zokwakha kanye nezilawuli, ukudala inqubo yomlilo ngekamelo lokuqala, baqala ukuwela endaweni. Kusukela ngesizini ezayo, iqembu leRed Bull lizothola izitsha zikagesi kwaHonda, futhi lokhu kuwuphawu lokuthi onjiniyela baseJapan sebekwazile ukungena emzileni ofanele futhi. Njengoba, ngendlela, izikhathi eziningi emlandweni wayo. I-Honda ayiyona nje inkulumo yokucabanga yaseJapane, kodwa futhi nombono wayo. Angasoze akulahla wukuba seqhulwini kwezobunjiniyela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kumlethela inzuzo enkulu noma cha. Kokubili ku-motorsport nasemhlabeni wangempela, i-Honda ibonisa ukuguquguquka nekhono lokushintsha, futhi izimfanelo eziguqukayo zezimoto zihlala zihlangene nokuthembeka komkhiqizo owaziwayo, ikakhulukazi izinjini zayo. Ukubuka kafushane komlando wezobuchwepheshe wenkampani, usesho lwe-Google, noma ukuphenywa kwekhasi elingcono lencwadi ehlakaniphile ka-Adriano Cimarosi ethi The Complete History of Grand Prix Motor Racing kuzoveza amaqiniso athakazelisayo. Ngezinkathi zonyaka ka-1986/1987/1988, kwaHonda enenjini engu-1,5 litre turbocharged izimoto ezinjengoWilliams noMcLaren. Inguqulo ka-1987 kuthiwa ifinyelela uhla olumangalisayo lwe-1400 hp. ezinguqulweni zokuqeqesha nasemiqhudelwaneni engaba ngu-900 hp. Lawa mayunithi nawo abonakale esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ethembekile. Kodwa-ke, abanawo umjovo oqondile, obaluleke kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni okunjalo kwezingcindezi namazinga okushisa kumasilinda, kodwa bangasebenzisa izinto ezingavamile - onjiniyela be-Honda, isibonelo, bashintsha izingxenye ezingaphansi kwengcindezi enkulu yokushisa nazo zonke- i-ceramic noma okungenani i-ceramic coating. , futhi izingxenye eziningi zenziwe ngama-alloys akhanyayo. Ngo-1988, McLaren-Honda iwine ukunqoba 15, futhi Ayrton Senna waba iqhawe emhlabeni. Futhi nansi into ethakazelisa kakhulu - ngemva konyaka kuphela, injini yakwaHonda enamasilinda ayishumi ngokwemvelo elangazelele iwina futhi. Igama elithi Honda laba yisabisa kuwo wonke umuntu futhi linalesi sithombe kuze kube yilolu suku.

Kusuka emgwaqeni omkhulu uye emgwaqeni nasemuva ...

Kodwa-ke, kusho ukuthini ukuphumelela ku-motorsport, kungaba ku-Formula 1, Indycar noma i-TCR circuits, ngaphandle kokuzijabulisa kwabalandeli nokuboniswa kolwazi lobuchwepheshe. Phela, ngezinga elikhulu noma cha, zonke izinkampani zezimoto zibizwa ukuthi zenze izimoto, futhi ulwazi nesithombe se-motorsport sigxilile kulokho. Amandla obunjiniyela amandla obunjiniyela. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ukuxhumana okuqondile kakhulu phakathi kwezimoto ze-motorsport kanye nezimoto zamasheya - izimoto zasemngceleni kwezinye izigaba, njengama-compact, afaka amamodeli wamandla aphezulu kubantu abathanda ukujula komqondo "wokushayela". Ngezinguquko ezincane, bathatha izingoma futhi baqhudelane ngazo. Lokhu kunjalo ngeCivic Type R.

Imodeli entsha ivela eminyakeni emibili nje vo ngemuva kwangaphambilini, futhi injini yayo ngezindlela eziningi intuthuko yangaphambilini, kodwa imoto ihluke kakhulu ngazo zonke izindlela. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi ukuthuthuka kwayo kuqhubeke ngokufana nokwakhiwa kwesisekelo semodeli, naso uqobo esakhelwe ukuba ngumnikeli ogcwele wohlobo R.

Okungukuthi, kuwuphawu oluhle kakhulu ezinguqulweni ezilula ze-Civic. Yiqiniso, abahlinzeki benza umnikelo omkhulu ekwakhiweni kwemoto - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-turbocharger, amasistimu okulawula i-electronic kanye nomjovo kaphethiloli, izingxenye ze-chassis, izinto zomzimba, futhi kusukela kulo mbono, indima yomkhiqizi wemoto iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Onjiniyela yibona abaklama izinqubo zomlilo ngezinto ezitholakalayo, abale ukupholisa injini nezinhlobo zengxubevange, bakuhlanganise konke ne-aerodynamics namandla esakhiwo somzimba, baxazulule izibalo zesekethe eziyinhloko eziyinkimbinkimbi namakhono abahlinzeki engqondweni. Njengoba u-Elon Musk aziqinisekisa, “ibhizinisi lezimoto liwumsebenzi onzima.” Ukubhekisisa ngisho ne-Tesla S ewubukhazikhazi kuzokuvezela izinhlobonhlobo zokukhuluma futhi kuphinde kubonise ukuthi imoto iyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani.

Honda Civic - izinga kuqala

Emzimbeni weCivic Type R, ngeke ukuthole okufana nalokhu. Sesishilo imininingwane ethile endabeni yenguqulo yedizili yemodeli. Lapha, sizosho kuphela ukuthi ukumelana komzimba kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-37 namandla okugoba amile ngamaphesenti angu-45 ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu ezinsimbi ezinamandla aphezulu kanye ne-ultra high, izinqubo ezintsha zokushisela, ukwakhiwa kwegumbi labagibeli kanye nokulandelana kwezinto ezinamathele kulo. . Ukunxephezela isisindo esikhuphukile sezingxenye ezithile ngenxa yamandla amuncwa aphezulu, ikhava yangaphambili yenziwe nge-aluminium. I-MacPherson strut kanye ne-axle engemuva enezixhumanisi eziningi kuyisidingo sokuqala sokuziphatha okuhle emgwaqeni, kodwa lezi zishintshelwe Uhlobo R. Ushintshe i-offset yama-ax ama-shank bolt kanye ne-engeli yamasondo, wenze izinguquko ezithile ezihlobene nesidingo sokudluliswa okuncane kokudlidliza ukusuka ku-torque kuya esondweni. I-kinematics eyinkimbinkimbi yesondo enesibopho sokugcina ukubamba kwesondo ngesikhathi sokugoba okuguquguqukayo ishintshile, futhi ingxenye engezansi yezakhi yenziwe ngokuphelele nge-aluminium. I-multi-link rear suspension entsha entsha nayo inomthelela ekuzinzeni kwesivinini esikhulu, kanti ithrekhi ebanzi ivumela ukubhuleka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanye nesivinini esiphezulu sokujika. Izingalo ezingenhla, eziphansi nezitshekile ziyizinto ezinamandla amakhulu ezivamile kuphela zohlobo R. Ukuze ukwaba kabusha isisindo semoto, ithangi likaphethiloli kufanele lihanjiswe ngemuva, kwehlise isisindo se-ekseli yangaphambili ngamaphesenti angu-3 uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Civic yangaphambilini. . .

Injini, i-Honda

Ngokwayo, injini ye-turbo ewine i-2.0 VTEC ingenye yobuciko beHonda enama-320 hp. kanye no-400 Nm wokugudluzwa kwamalitha amabili ngokwethembeka okudingayo ekushayeleni kwansuku zonke nokunemidlalo. Ukungqubuzana okuyinhloko okwenzeka emotweni kwenzeka phakathi kwamasilinda nama-piston, futhi i-Honda ibilokhu ithembele embotsheni yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ukunciphisa lokhu. Uhlelo olwaziwayo lwe-VTEC lapha luthatha imisebenzi ethize ehlukene. Njengoba imoto isebenzisa i-turbocharger eyijethi eyodwa, onjiniyela bethula ama-valve okukhipha umoya oshintshashintshayo ukuze banikeze ukugeleza kwegesi okudingekayo kuye ngomthwalo. Lokhu kulingisa ukusebenza kwe-variable geometry compressor. Amasistimu okushintsha izigaba ezimbili alawula ubude besikhathi sokuvula kuye ngomthwalo nesivinini, kanye nokugqagqana kwazo egameni lokusabela okungcono kwe-turbine nokukhipha igesi. Isilinganiso sokuminyanisa esingu-9,8:1 siphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa emotweni ene-turbocharged enamandla angaka, esebenzisa isishintshi sokushisa somthamo omkhulu kakhulu. Nakuba i-transmission iwumshini, i-electronics isebenzisa igesi ephakathi nendawo lapho ishintsha amagiya ukuze ihambisane nesivinini senjini ne-shaft ehambisanayo. Uwoyela wokudlulisela wona ngokwawo, ocijile ngendlela yokugeleza komoya, upholiswa nge-intercooler yamanzi.

I-exhaust system enamabhobho amathathu nayo ihlobene ngqo nokusebenza kwenjini. Lokhu akusona isifiso sokubukisa - ngalinye lamashubhu linenhloso yalo ngqo. Amashubhu amakhulu angaphandle ahlinzeka ngokugeleza kwamagesi enjini, kuyilapho amashubhu angaphakathi elawula umsindo okhiqizwayo. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokugeleza landa ngamaphesenti angu-10 uma kuqhathaniswa nowandulele, futhi lokhu kunciphisa ukucindezela emuva ohlelweni. Ulwazi olujulile lwe-Honda lokuguquguquka kokugeleza okuzuzwe ezithuthuthu (nokubaluleka kwazo okukhethekile ezinjinini ezine-stroke) kuyakhokha lapha: uma isheshisa, ishubhu elingaphakathi lihlinzeka ngesigaba esiphambanayo esikhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi komthwalo ophakathi, ingcindezi ephakathi kwepayipi iba yimbi, futhi uhlelo luqala ukumunca umoya ngalo. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukusebenza komsindo futhi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthule. I-single-mass flywheel, enciphisa inertia yesistimu ye-flywheel-clutch ngamaphesenti angu-25, inomthelela ekuphenduleni okusheshayo kwenjini. Ijakhethi yamanzi ephindwe kabili ezungeze ama-multifold exhaust ehlanganisiwe isiza ukusheshisa ukufudumala kwenjini nokupholisa okulandelayo kwamagesi, okusindisa i-turbine.

Kungezwe kulokhu inhlanganisela yemiklamo ejwayelekile yeCivic nojwayelekile yohlobo R. Imengamo ye-fender iyanwetshwa ukuze kuhlaliswe amasondo amakhulu, abheke ngaphandle, isakhiwo sangaphansi sinesembozo esigcwele se-aerodynamic, nalokho okuthiwa. "Amakhethini omoya" namaphiko amakhulu angemuva "ahlukanisa" kahle umoya, kwakheka amandla angeziwe angemuva. Izindlela zokusebenza zokumiswa okuguqukayo (nge-valve ye-solenoid elawula ukugeleza kukawoyela nokulawulwa okuhlukile kwesondo ngalinye), ukusabela kokuphakelwa kwegesi nokuqondisa (okunamagiya amabili) kushintshile. Manje izindlela zeComfort, Sport nezintsha + R zihluke kakhulu ekuziphatheni. Ama-braking ahlinzekwa ngama-calipers ama-piston amane anama-disc angama-350 mm ngaphambili nangu-305 mm ngemuva. Futhi njengoba insada yamandla inzima ukuyilawula lapho idluliselwa ku-ekseli langaphambili kuphela, lena yokugcina ifakwe umahluko wokuzibopha wezibungu, okuwuhlobo olukhethekile lomzimba.

Ngenxa yalokhu, kanye nokumiswa okukhethekile ngaphambili namandla amakhulu, uhlobo lwe-R lusheshisa kangcono kunezimbangi zalo eziqondile ezifana neSeat Cupra 300, futhi emzileni uphenduka njengemoto iTouring, enokuziphatha okuqinile komzimba nempendulo eqinile. esiteringini. Kodwa-ke, ama-dampers aguquguqukayo kanye nemoto eguquguqukayo inikezela ngezinga elanele lokunethezeka ngisho nasekushayeleni okujwayelekile kwansuku zonke.