Izici ze-Dextron 2 no-3 - uyini umehluko
Okuqukethwe
Umehluko We-Fluid I-Dexron 2 no-3, ezisetshenziswa ekuqondiseni kwamandla nasekudluliseleni okuzenzakalelayo, kuhambisana noketshezi lwazo, uhlobo lwamafutha ayisisekelo, kanye nezici zokushisa. Ngokuvamile, singasho ukuthi i-Dextron 2 ingumkhiqizo omdala okhishwe yi-General Motors, futhi ngokufanelekile, i-Dextron 3 yintsha. Kodwa-ke, awukwazi ukumane ushintshe uketshezi oludala ufake olusha. Lokhu kungenziwa kuphela ngokubheka ukubekezelelana komkhiqizi, kanye nezici zoketshezi ngokwazo.
Izizukulwane ze-Dexron fluids nezici zazo
ukuze uthole ukuthi uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Dexron II ne-Dexron III, kanye nokuthi uyini umehluko kolunye nolunye uketshezi oludlulisayo, udinga ukugxila kafushane emlandweni wokudalwa kwabo, kanye nezici eziye zaba khona. zashintsha isizukulwane ngesizukulwane.
Imininingwane ye-Dexron II
Lolu ketshezi oludluliswayo lwaqala ukukhishwa ngabakwaGeneral Motors ngo-1973. Isizukulwane sawo sokuqala sasibizwa ngokuthi i-Dexron 2 noma Dexron II C. Yayisekelwe kumafutha amaminerali avela eqenjini lesibili ngokusho kwesigaba se-API - i-American Petroleum Institute. Ngokuhambisana naleli zinga, amafutha ayisisekelo eqembu lesibili atholwe ngokusebenzisa i-hydrocracking. Ngaphezu kwalokho, aqukethe okungenani u-90% wama-hydrocarbon agcwele, angaphansi kuka-0,03% sulphur, futhi anenkomba ye-viscosity esukela ku-80 kuya ku-120.
Izithasiselo zokuqala ezaqala ukungezwa oketshezini oludluliselwayo kwakungama-corrosion inhibitors. Ngokuhambisana nelayisense nokuqokwa (Dexron IIC), ukwakheka kwephakeji kuboniswa kusukela ngohlamvu C, isibonelo, C-20109. Umkhiqizi ubonise ukuthi kuyadingeka ukushintsha uketshezi lube olusha njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-80. Kodwa-ke, ekusebenzeni, kwavela ukuthi ukugqwala kwavela ngokushesha kakhulu, ngakho-ke iGeneral Motors yethula isizukulwane esilandelayo semikhiqizo yayo.
Ngakho-ke, ngo-1975, kwavela uketshezi lokudlulisela I-Dexron-II (D). Yenziwe esisekelweni esifanayo uwoyela wamaminerali weqembu lesibili, nokho, ngenkimbinkimbi ethuthukisiwe yezithasiselo zokulwa nokugqwala, okuwukuthi, ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwamalunga ezipholile zikawoyela zokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo. Uketshezi olunjalo lwalunezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu elivumelekile lokusebenza - kuphela -15 ° C. Kodwa njengoba i-viscosity yahlala isezingeni eliphezulu ngokwanele, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokudlulisela, lokhu kwaqala ukubangela ukudlidliza ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwamanye amamodeli ezimoto ezintsha.
Kusukela ngo-1988, abakhiqizi bezimoto baqala ukushintsha ukuhanjiswa okuzenzakalelayo kusuka ohlelweni lokulawula amanzi kuya kwele-elekthronikhi. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, babedinga uketshezi oluhlukile oluzenzakalelayo lokudlulisela olune-viscosity ephansi, olunikeza izinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokudluliswa kwamandla (impendulo) ngenxa ye-fluidity engcono.
Ngo-1990 kwakhululwa I-Dexron-II (E) (imininingwane yabuyekezwa ngo-Agasti 1992, ukukhishwa kabusha kwaqala ngo-1993). Wayenesisekelo esifanayo - iqembu lesibili le-API. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwephakheji yesimanje eyengeziwe, uwoyela wegiya manje uthathwa njengowokwenziwa! Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu eliphansi lalolu ketshezi lehlisiwe lafinyelela ku-30°C. Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe sekuyisihluthulelo sokushelela kokushintsha kwezinto ezizenzakalelayo kanye nokuphila kwesevisi okwandisiwe. Ukuqokwa kwelayisensi kuqala ngohlamvu E, njengokuthi E-20001.
Imininingwane ye-Dexron II
Okwe-Dextron 3 transmission fluids amafutha esisekelo ayingxenye yeqembu 2+, ebonakala ngezici ezikhulayo zesigaba sesi-2, okungukuthi, indlela ye-hydrotreating isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni. Inkomba ye-viscosity iyanda lapha, futhi ubuncane benani layo ngu kusukela ku-110…115 amayunithi nangaphezulu. Leyo, I-Dexron 3 inesisekelo sokwenziwa ngokuphelele.
Isizukulwane sokuqala saba I-Dexron-III (F). Ngempela nje inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-Dexron-II (E) nezinkomba zokushisa ezifanayo ezilingana no--30° С. Phakathi kokushiyeka kwahlala ukuqina okuphansi kanye nokungaqini kahle kwe-shear, i-oxidation yamanzi. Lokhu kwakheka kuqokwe ngohlamvu F ekuqaleni, isibonelo, F-30001.
Isizukulwane sesibili - I-Dexron-III (G)yavela ngo-1998. Ukwakhiwa okuthuthukisiwe kwalolu ketshezi kuzinqobe ngokuphelele izinkinga zokudlidliza lapho ushayela imoto. Umkhiqizi uphinde wayincoma ukuthi isetshenziswe ku-hydraulic power steering (HPS), ezinye izinhlelo ezisebenza ngaphansi kwamanzi, kanye nama-compressor omoya ajikelezayo lapho kudingeka khona izinga eliphezulu lokumanzi emazingeni okushisa aphansi.
Izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokusebenza lapho i-Dextron 3 liquid ingasetshenziswa khona selishintshile kube -40 ° С. Lesi sakhiwo saqala ukuqokwa ngohlamvu G, isibonelo, G-30001.
Isizukulwane sesithathu - I-Dexron III (H). Yakhululwa ngo-2003. Uketshezi olunjalo lunesisekelo sokwenziwa kanye nephakheji elengeziwe elithuthukisiwe. Ngakho-ke, umenzi uthi ingasetshenziswa njengesithambiso sendawo yonke. kuwo wonke ama-othomathikhi ane-clutch yokuvala i-torque converter elawulwayo futhi ngaphandle kwayo, okungukuthi, okuthiwa i-GKÜB yokuvimba i-clutch shift shift. Ine-viscosity ephansi kakhulu esithwathwa, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswa kuze kufike ku -40°C.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-Dexron 2 ne-Dexron 3 nokushintshana
Imibuzo ethandwa kakhulu mayelana noketshezi oludluliswayo lwe-Dexron 2 ne-Dexron 3 ukuthi ingabe ingaxutshwa nokuthi uwoyela owodwa ungasetshenziswa yini esikhundleni somunye. Njengoba izici ezithuthukisiwe kufanele ngokungangabazeki zithinte ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kweyunithi (kungaba isiteringi samandla noma ukudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo).
| Ukushintshelana kwe-Dexron 2 ne-Dexron 3 | |
|---|---|
| Ukushintshwa / ukuhlanganisa | Izimo |
| Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo | |
| I-Dexron II D → I-Dexron II Е |
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| I-Dexron II D → Dexron III F, Dexron III G, Dexron III H |
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| I-Dexron II Е → Dexron III F, Dexron III G, Dexron III H |
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| I-Dexron III F → Dexron III G, Dexron III H |
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| I-Dexron III G → I-Dexron III H |
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| Okwe-GUR | |
| I-Dexron II → I-Dexron III |
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Umehluko phakathi kweDexron 2 neDexron 3 yokudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo
Ngaphambi kokugcwalisa noma ukuxuba izinhlobo ezahlukene zoketshezi oludluliswayo, udinga ukuthola ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo loketshezi olutuswa umenzi we-automaker. Ngokuvamile, lolu lwazi lutholakala emibhalweni yobuchwepheshe (i-manual), kwezinye izimoto (isibonelo, i-Toyota) ingaboniswa ku-dipstick ye-gearbox.
Ngokufanelekile, i-lubricant yesigaba esicacisiwe kuphela okufanele ithululelwe ekudluliselweni okuzenzakalelayo, naphezu kokuthi kusukela ekilasini kuya ekilasini loketshezi kube nokuthuthukiswa kwezici ezithinta ubude bayo. futhi, akufanele uxube, ubheke imvamisa yokushintshwa (uma ukushintshwa kunikezwa nhlobo, ngoba ama-gearbox amaningi esimanje azenzakalelayo aklanyelwe ukusebenza ngoketshezi olulodwa isikhathi sonke sokusebenza kwawo, kuphela ngokungezwa koketshezi njengoba luvutha) .
okunye kumele kukhunjulwe lokho ukuxuba uketshezi okusekelwe kumaminerali kanye nesisekelo sokwenziwa kuvunyelwe ngemikhawulo! Ngakho-ke, ebhokisini elizenzakalelayo, zingaxutshwa kuphela uma ziqukethe uhlobo olufanayo lwezithako. Ngokusebenza, lokhu kusho ukuthi ungaxuba, isibonelo, I-Dexron II D kanye ne-Dexron III kuphela uma ekhiqizwe umkhiqizi ofanayo. Uma kungenjalo, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kungase kwenzeke ekudluliseni okuzenzakalelayo ngemvula, okuzovala iziteshi ezincane zesiguquli se-torque, okungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwayo.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-Dexron II D ne-Dexron II E yi-viscosity eshisayo. Njengoba izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-liquid lokuqala lifika ku--15 ° C, kanti okwesibili liphansi, kufika ku-30 ° C. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Dexron II E yokwenziwa iqinile futhi inokusebenza okuzinzile kuwo wonke umjikelezo wayo wokuphila. Okungukuthi, esikhundleni se-Dexron II D nge-Dexron II E kuvunyelwe, noma kunjalo, ngaphansi kombandela wokuthi umshini uzosetshenziswa eqhweni elikhulu. Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lingehli ngaphansi -15 ° C, khona-ke kunezingozi zokuthi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu uketshezi oluthe xaxa lwe-Dexron II E luzoqala ukungena kuma-gaskets (izimpawu) zokudlulisela okuzenzakalelayo, futhi kungase kuvele kuphume kuwo, ingasaphathwa eyokugqoka kwezingxenye.
Uma ushintsha noma uxuba uketshezi lwe-dextron, kuyadingeka ukucabangela izidingo zomkhiqizi wokudlulisela okuzenzakalelayo, noma ngabe kuvumela ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana lapho ushintsha uketshezi lwe-ATF, ngoba lesi sici singathinta kabi ukusebenza kweyunithi kuphela, kodwa futhi ukuqina, futhi uma kubhekwa izindleko eziphezulu zokudlulisela, lokhu kuyimpikiswano ebalulekile!
Impendulo ukufaka i-Dexron II E esikhundleni se-Dexron II D akwamukelekile, njengoba ukwakheka kokuqala ku-synthetic futhi kune-viscosity ephansi, kanti okwesibili kusekelwe kumaminerali kanye ne-viscosity ephakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Dexron II E iyiziguquli ezisebenza kahle (izithasiselo). ngakho-ke, i-Dexron II E kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ezindaweni ezineqhwa elinzima, ikakhulukazi uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi i-Dexron II E ibiza kakhulu kuneyandulelayo (ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obubiza kakhulu bokukhiqiza).
Ngokuqondene ne-Dexron II, ukushintshwa kwayo ngu-Dexron III kuncike esizukulwaneni. Ngakho-ke, i-Dexron III F yokuqala yayihluke kancane ku-Dexron II E, ngakho esikhundleni sesibili "Dextron" okwesithathu kuyamukeleka impela, kodwa hhayi okuphambene nalokho, ngezizathu ezifanayo.
Mayelana U-Dexron III G no-Dexron III H, futhi ane-viscosity ephakeme kanye nesethi yezilungisi ezinciphisa ukungqubuzana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokwethiyori angasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-Dexron II, kodwa ngemikhawulo ethile. okungukuthi, uma okokusebenza (ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo) kungavumeli ukwehla kwezakhiwo ezingqubuzanayo ze-ATF fluid, esikhundleni se-dextron 2 nge-dextron 3, njengokwakheka "okuphelele", kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi elandelayo:
- Ukwandisa isivinini sokushintsha kwegiya. Kodwa yiyona nse le nzuzo ehlukanisa ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo nokulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi kusuka ku-othomathikhi ene-hydraulic control.
- Iyajeqa lapho ushintsha amagiya. Kulokhu, ama-disc friction ku-gearbox othomathikhi azohlupheka, okungukuthi, aguge kakhulu.
- Kungase kube nezinkinga ngokulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi kokudluliswa kwe-othomathikhi. Uma ukushintsha kuthatha isikhathi eside kunalokho obekulindelwe, khona-ke amasistimu okulawula ama-elekthronikhi angadlulisela ulwazi mayelana nephutha elihambisanayo kuyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi.
I-Dexron III transmission fluids Eqinisweni, kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, lapho izinga lokushisa lokusebenzisa imoto ene-othomathikhi likwazi ukufinyelela -40 ° C. Uma uketshezi olunjalo kufanele lusetshenziswe ezifundeni eziseningizimu, ulwazi mayelana nokubekezelelana kufanele lufundwe ngokwehlukana emibhalweni yemoto, ngoba lokhu ingalimaza kuphela ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo.
Ngakho-ke, umbuzo odumile wokuthi yikuphi okungcono - i-Dexron 2 noma i-Dexron 3 ngokwayo ayilungile, ngoba umehluko phakathi kwabo awukho kuphela ngokwezizukulwane, kodwa futhi ngokuya ngezindawo. Ngakho-ke, impendulo yalo incike, okokuqala, emafutheni anconyelwe ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo, futhi okwesibili, ezimweni zokusebenza zemoto. Ngakho-ke, awukwazi ukugcwalisa ngokungaboni "Dextron 3" esikhundleni se "Dextron 2" futhi ucabange ukuthi lokhu kudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kuzoba ngcono kuphela. Okokuqala, udinga ukulandela izincomo ze-automaker!
I-Dextron 2 no-3 umehluko wesiteringi samandla
Ngokuqondene nokushintshwa koketshezi lokuqondisa amandla (i-GUR), ukucabanga okufanayo kuyasebenza lapha. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ubuqili obukodwa lapha, ukuthi i-viscosity yoketshezi ayibalulekile kakhulu ohlelweni lokuqondisa amandla, ngoba izinga lokushisa empompini yokuqondisa amandla alikhuphuki ngaphezu kwama-degrees Celsius angu-80. Ngakho-ke, ithangi noma isivalo kungase kube umbhalo "Dexron II noma Dexron III". Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi azikho iziteshi ezincane zesiguquli se-torque esiqondisweni samandla, futhi amandla adluliswa uketshezi mancane kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, kuvunyelwe ukufaka esikhundleni se-Dextron 3 esikhundleni se-Dextron 2 ku-hydraulic booster, nakuba kungenjalo kuzo zonke izimo. Into eyinhloko ukuthi uketshezi kufanele lufanele ngokuvumelana nenqubo ye-viscosity ephansi yokushisa (ukuqala okubandayo ngamafutha e-viscous, ngaphezu kokugqoka okwenyuka kwama-pump blades, kuyingozi ngokucindezela okukhulu nokuvuza ngokusebenzisa izimpawu)! Ngokuqondene nokushintshwa okuphambene, akuvunyelwe ngenxa yezizathu ezichazwe ngenhla. Ngempela, kuye ngezinga lokushisa elizungezile, i-hum yepompo yokuqondisa amandla ingenzeka.
Uketshezi oluhamba phambili lwamandla ayi-15
Ukubuyekezwa koketshezi lokuqondisa lwamandla angu-15 olungcono kakhulu olungagcwaliswa. I-PSF, i-ATF, i-Dextron - iluphi uketshezi nenani elingcono kakhulu lokuqondisa amandla. Imininingwane eyengeziwe
Uma usebenzisa uketshezi lokuqondisa amandla, kufanelekile ukugxila ekushiseni okuphansi kokupompa kanye ne-kinematic viscosity yamafutha (ukuqina kokusebenza kwawo, akufanele kudlule ama-800 m㎡ / s).
Umehluko phakathi kwe-Dexron ne-ATF
Ngokuphathelene nokushintshaniswa koketshezi, abanikazi bezimoto abazibuza nje kuphela ngokuhambisana kwe-Dexron 2 3, kodwa futhi yini umehluko phakathi kukawoyela we-Dexron 2 ne-ATF. Eqinisweni, lo mbuzo awulungile, yingakho ... Isifinyezo esithi ATF simele i-Automatic Transmission Fluid, okusho ukuthi uketshezi olushintshayo olushintshashintshayo. Okusho ukuthi, wonke uketshezi oludluliswayo olusetshenziswa kuma-automatic transmissions luwela ngaphansi kwale ncazelo.
Ngokuqondene ne-Dexron (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isizukulwane sini), yigama nje leqembu lezinto zobuchwepheshe (ngezinye izikhathi ezibizwa ngokuthi uhlobo) lokusebenzisa uketshezi oluzenzakalelayo oludalwe ngabakwaGeneral Motors (GM). Ngaphansi kwalolu phawu, akhiqizwa kuphela uketshezi oluzenzakalelayo lokudlulisa, kodwa futhi nezinye izindlela. Okusho ukuthi, i-Dexron igama elijwayelekile lezichasiselo eziye zamukelwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngabakhiqizi abahlukahlukene bemikhiqizo ehlobene. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile ku-canister efanayo ungathola i-ATF ne-Dexron. Eqinisweni, uketshezi lwe-Dextron luwuketshezi olufanayo lokudlulisela okuzenzakalelayo (ATF). Futhi zingaxutshwa, into eyinhloko ukuthi ukucaciswa kwabo kungokweqembu elifanayo.Ngokuqondene nombuzo wokuthi kungani abanye abakhiqizi bebhala i-Dexron canisters nabanye i-ATF, impendulo ifika encazelweni efanayo. Ama-fluid e-Dexron akhiqizwa ngokucaciswa kwe-General Motors, kuyilapho amanye enziwa ngemininingwane yabanye abakhiqizi. Okufanayo kusebenza ekumaka kombala wamathini. Ayikhombisi nganoma iyiphi indlela ukucaciswa, kodwa yazisa kuphela (futhi noma kunjalo hhayi njalo) ngokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lukawoyela olwasetshenziswa njengowoyela oyisisekelo ekukhiqizeni uketshezi olulodwa noma olunye lokudlulisela olwethulwa kukhawunta. Ngokujwayelekile, okubomvu kusho ukuthi isisekelo samafutha amaminerali asetshenziswa, kanti ophuzi kusho okokwenziwa.
