I-HALO EARTH e-Copernicus Science Centre

Kungani kudingeka sikhulume kangaka nabanye? Ingabe i-inthanethi ibahlanganisa ngempela abantu? Indlela yokuvumela izakhamuzi ezingaba khona emkhathini zazi ngawe? Sikumema ku-premiere yefilimu yakamuva ekhiqizwe ku-Planetarium "Amazulu KaCopernicus". "Sawubona Mhlaba" izosiyisa emhlabeni wokhokho bethu nasezindaweni ezingaziwa zesikhala. Siwalandela ngemva kophenyo lwasemkhathini oluthwele umlayezo wasemhlabeni endaweni yonke.

Isifiso sokuxhumana nomunye umuntu singesinye sezidingo zabantu zakuqala nezinamandla kakhulu. Sifunda ukukhuluma ngobudlelwano nabanye. Leli khono linathi kukho konke ukuphila futhi liyindlela engokwemvelo yokuxhumana. Babekhuluma luphi ulimi abantu bokuqala? Eqinisweni, lezi zindlela zokuqala zokuxhumana azikwazi ngisho nokubizwa ngokuthi inkulumo. Indlela elula iwukuqhathanisa nalokho okushiwo izingane ezincane. Okokuqala, benza zonke izinhlobo zokukhala, bese kuba ama-syllables ngamanye, futhi ekugcineni, bafunde amagama nemisho ephelele. Ukuvela kwenkulumo - ukwanda kwenani lamagama, ukwakhiwa kwemisho eyinkimbinkimbi, ukusetshenziswa kwemiqondo engabonakali - kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukudlulisa ngokunembile ulwazi oluyinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwaba nethuba lokubambisana, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, isayensi, ubuchwepheshe kanye namasiko.

Nokho, ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, inkulumo yayingaphelele. Ibanga lezwi lethu lilinganiselwe futhi inkumbulo yomuntu ayithembekile. Ungalugcina kanjani ulwazi lwezizukulwane ezizayo noma uludlulisele kude? Izimpawu zokuqala ezaziwa namuhla kusukela emidwebeni yamadwala zavela eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezingu-40 edlule. Abadume kakhulu kubo bavela emihumeni yase-Altamira naseLascaux. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imidwebo yenziwe yaba lula futhi yaguqulwa yaba ama-pictogram, abonisa ngokunembile izinto ezibhaliwe. Baqala ukusetshenziswa ngenkulungwane yesine BC eGibhithe, eMesopotamiya, eFenike, eSpain, eFrance. Zisasetshenziswa izizwe ezihlala e-Afrika, eMelika nase-Oceania. Siphinde sibuyele kuma-pictograms - lezi izithonjana ku-inthanethi noma ukuqokwa kwezinto ezisemkhathini wedolobha. Umagazini esaziyo namuhla wadalwa kanyekanye emazweni ahlukahlukene omhlaba. Isibonelo esidala kunazo zonke esaziwayo sezinhlamvu sisukela emuva ku-2000 BC. Yasetshenziswa eGibhithe ngabaseFenike, ababesebenzisa ama-hieroglyphs ukuze babhale ongwaqa. Izinguqulo ezilandelayo zezinhlamvu zamagama ezivela kulo mugqa wokuziphendukela kwemvelo ziyi-Etruscan bese kuba isiRoma, okususelwa kuzo izinhlamvu zesiLatini esizisebenzisayo namuhla.

Ukusungulwa kokubhala kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukubhala imiqondo ngokunembe kakhudlwana nasezindaweni ezincane kunangaphambili. Okokuqala, babesebenzisa izikhumba zezilwane, abaqophi bamatshe, nopende bezinto eziphilayo ababegcotshwa ezindaweni zamatshe. Kamuva, kwatholakala izibhebhe zobumba, i-papyrus, futhi, ekugcineni, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza iphepha bathuthukiswa eChina. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokusabalalisa umbhalo kwakuwukukopisha kwawo okuyisicefe. EYurophu yasendulo, izincwadi zazikopishwa ababhali. Ngezinye izikhathi kwakuthatha iminyaka ukubhala umbhalo wesandla owodwa. Kwakungenxa yomshini kaJohannes Gutenberg kuphela lapho ukuthayipha kwaba impumelelo kwezobuchwepheshe. Lokhu kuvumele ukushintshana okusheshayo kwemibono phakathi kwababhali abavela emazweni ahlukene. Lokhu kwavumela ukuthuthukiswa kwemibono emisha, futhi ngamunye wabo waba nethuba lokusabalalisa nokuqhubekisela phambili. Enye inguquko ekubhaleni amathuluzi kwaba ukusungulwa kwamakhompiyutha kanye nokufika kwama-word processors. Abaphrinta bajoyine imithombo yezindaba ephrintiwe, futhi izincwadi zinikezwe ifomu elisha - ama-e-books. Ngokuhambisana nokuziphendukela kwemvelo kokubhala nokunyathelisa, izindlela zokudlulisa ukwaziswa kude nazo zathuthukiswa. Izindaba ezindala kakhulu mayelana nesistimu ye-courier ekhona zivela e-Ancient Egypt. Iposi lokuqala emlandweni ladalwa e-Asiriya (550-500 BC). Ulwazi luhlinzekwe kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukene zokuthutha. Izindaba zavela emajubeni, ezincwadini ezidonswa ngamahhashi, emabhaluni, emikhunjini, kojantshi, ezimotweni nasezindizeni.

Enye ingqopha-mlando ekuthuthukisweni kwezokuxhumana kwaba ukusungulwa kukagesi. Ekhulwini le-1906, u-Alexander Bell wenza izingcingo zaduma, futhi uSamuel Morse wasebenzisa ugesi ukuze athumele imiyalezo ekude ngocingo. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, izintambo zocingo zokuqala zabekwa ezansi ne-Atlantic. Bafinyeza isikhathi okwasithatha ukwaziswa ukunqamula izilwandle, futhi imiyalezo yocingo yayibhekwa njengemibhalo ebopha ngokomthetho yezentengiselwano zezentengiselwano. Ukusakazwa kokuqala komsakazo kwenzeka ngo-60. Ngawo-1963, ukusungulwa kwe-transistor kwaholela emisakazo ephathekayo. Ukutholakala kwamaza omsakazo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo ekuxhumaneni kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukwethulwa kwesathelayithi yokuqala yezokuxhumana ku-orbit. I-TELESTAR yethulwa ngo-1927. Ngemva kokudluliswa komsindo kude, kwaqala ukuhlolwa ekudluliselweni kwesithombe. Ukusakazwa kokuqala komphakathi kumabonakude kwenzeka eNew York ngo-60. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX, ngenxa yomsakazo nethelevishini, umsindo nesithombe kwavela ezigidini zamakhaya, kunikeza ababukeli ithuba lokuthinta izehlakalo ezenzeka emakhoneni akude omhlaba. umhlaba ndawonye. Ngeminyaka yama-XNUMXs, imizamo yokuqala yokwakha i-inthanethi nayo yenziwa. Amakhompiyutha okuqala ayemakhulu, esindayo futhi ehamba kancane. Namuhla kusivumela ukuthi sixhumane ngomsindo, obonakalayo nangendlela yombhalo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi nanoma iyiphi indawo. Afaka amafoni namawashi. I-inthanethi ishintsha indlela esisebenza ngayo emhlabeni.

Isidingo sethu esingokwemvelo sokuxhumana nabanye sisenamandla. Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ingase isinikeze ngisho nokulangazelela okwengeziwe. Ngawo-70s, uphenyo lwe-Voyager lwasuka lwaya emkhathini, luhlome ngepuleti elicwebile elinemikhonzo yasemhlabeni eya kwezinye izakhamuzi zendawo yonke. Izofinyelela endaweni yenkanyezi yokuqala ezigidini zeminyaka. Sisebenzisa wonke amathuba ukusazisa ngakho. Noma mhlawumbe azanele futhi asizwa ukubizwa kwezinye izimpucuko? "Sawubona Mhlaba" ifilimu yopopayi emayelana nengqikithi yokuxhumana, eyenziwe ngobuchwepheshe be-full-dome futhi ihloselwe ukubukwa esikrinini esiyindilinga seplanethiyamu. Umxoxi udlalwe nguZbigniew Zamachowski, kanti umculo wabhalwa uJan Dushinsky, umbhali wemiphumela yomculo efilimini ethi Jack Strong (aqokwe ngayo Emklomelweni Wokhozi) noma iPoklossie. Le filimu iqondiswe nguPaulina Maida, ophinde wadidiyela ifilimu yokuqala yeCopernican Heaven planetarium, On the Wings of a Dream.

Kusukela ngomhla ka-April 22, 2017, Sawubona Umhlaba ufakwe ohlwini lwaphakade lwe-Heavens of Copernicus planetarium. Amathikithi atholakala ku-.

Ikhwalithi entsha esibhakabhakeni sikaCopernicus Woza endaweni yeplanethi futhi ungene endaweni yonke kunanini ngaphambili! Amaphrojekhtha ayisithupha amasha aletha ukulungiswa kwe-8K - amaphikseli aphindwe izikhathi ezingu-16 kune-Full HD TV. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-Heaven of Copernicus okwamanje iyiplanethi yesimanje kunazo zonke ePoland.