I-GM yakha izinjini eziyi-V100 eziyizigidi eziyi-8
IGeneral Motors izokwakha i-V100 yayo engu-8 million yebhulokhi encane namuhla - eminyakeni engama-56 ngemuva kwenjini yokuqala yamabhulokhi amancane ekhiqizwe ngobuningi…
Naphezu kwamashumi eminyaka engcindezi ezinjinini ezinkulu njengoba ukukhishwa kwegesi kanye nomthetho wokonga uphethiloli uqina, zisakwenziwa.
I-General Motors izokwakha i-V100 yebhulokhi encane eyizigidi eziyi-8 namuhla - iminyaka engu-56 ngemuva kokukhiqiza injini yamabhulokhi amancane - enseleleni yobunjiniyela enkambisweni yokunciphisa amanani emhlabeni jikelele.
I-Chevrolet yethula i-compact block ngo-1955, futhi ingqophamlando yokukhiqiza yafika ngenyanga efanayo lapho umkhiqizo wawugubha iminyaka eyi-100.
Injini encane ye-block isetshenziswe ezimotweni ze-GM emhlabeni wonke futhi okwamanje isetshenziswa kumamodeli we-Holden/HSV, Chevrolet, GMC kanye ne-Cadillac.
"Ibhulokhi encane iyinjini elethe ukusebenza okuphezulu kubantu," kusho uDavid Cole, umsunguli nosihlalo ophumayo we-Automotive Research Center. Ubaba kaCole, u-Ed Cole ongasekho, wayengunjiniyela omkhulu wakwaChevrolet futhi wahola ukuthuthukiswa kwenjini yokuqala yamabhulokhi amancane.
"Kunobuhle obuhle bokuklama kwayo okwayenza yaba yinhle ngokushesha lapho isentsha futhi yavumela ukuthi ichume cishe emashumini ayisithupha eminyaka kamuva."
Injini eyingqophamlando ekukhiqizweni namuhla ibhulokhi encane eshajwe kakhulu engu-475 kW (638 hp) LS9—amandla angemuva kwe-Corvette ZR1—ehlanganiswe ngesandla e-GM Assembly Centre, enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeDetroit. Imele isizukulwane sesine samabhulokhi amancane futhi iyinjini enamandla kakhulu eyake yakhiwa yi-GM yemoto yokukhiqiza. I-GM izogcina injini njengengxenye yeqoqo layo elingokomlando.
Ibhulokhi encane ishintshwe kuyo yonke imboni yezimoto nangale kwalokho. Izinguqulo ezintsha zenjini yokuqala ye-Gen I zisakhiqizwa ukuze zisetshenziswe olwandle nezimboni, kuyilapho izinguqulo "ezifakwe ebhokisini" zezinjini ezitholakala ku-Chevrolet Performance zisetshenziswa izinkulungwane zabathandi be-hot rod.
I-V4.3 engu-6 litre esetshenziswa kwezinye izimoto zakwaChevrolet ne-GMC isuselwe endaweni encane, engenawo amasilinda amabili. Zonke lezi zinguqulo zifaka isandla kwingqophamlando yokukhiqiza ibhulokhi encane eyizigidi eziyi-100.
"Le mpumelelo eyingqopha-mlando iphawula impumelelo yobunjiniyela esabalele emhlabeni wonke futhi yakha isithonjana sezimboni," kusho uSam Weingarden, isikhulu esiphezulu kanye nenhloko esebenzayo yomhlaba wonke yeqembu le-Engine Engineering.
"Futhi nakuba umklamo oqinile weyunithi ehlangene ufakazele amandla ayo okuzivumelanisa nokusebenza, ukukhishwa kwegesi kanye nezidingo zokuhlanza phakathi neminyaka, okubaluleke nakakhulu, ukuletha ukusebenza kahle okukhulu."
Izinjini manje zisebenzisa amabhulokhi amasilinda e-aluminium namakhanda ezimotweni namaloli amaningi, okusiza ukwehlisa isisindo nokuthuthukisa ukonga uphethiloli.
Izinhlelo eziningi zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe okonga uphethiloli njenge-Active Fuel Management, evala amasilinda amane ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokushayela ezilayisha ukukhanya, kanye ne-Valve Valve Timing. Futhi naphezu kweminyaka, asenamandla futhi ayonga ngokuqhathaniswa.
Injini engu-430 Corvette enamandla angu-320-horsepower (3 kW) isetshenziswa kwi-Corvette isuka ekuphumuleni iye ku-2012 km/h ngemizuzwana emine, ithatha i-quarter mile ngemizuzwana eyi-100. ifinyelela isivinini esiphezulu. ngaphezu kuka-12 km/h, nomgwaqo onguthelawayeka olinganiselwa ku-EPA ukonga u-288 l/9.1 km.
"I-block yenjini encane iqinisekisa ukusebenza okungenasici," kusho u-Weingarden. "Lena injini ye-V8 eyi-quintessential kanye nenganekwane ephilayo efaneleka kakhulu kunangaphambili."
Kuleli sonto, abakwaGM baphinde bamemezela ukuthi injini yesizukulwane sesihlanu esakhiwayo izoba nohlelo olusha lokuvutha ngomjovo oluzosiza ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kwenjini yamanje.
"Izakhiwo ezincane ze-block ziyaqhubeka nokufakazela ukuhambisana kwazo embonini ethuthukayo ngokushesha, futhi injini yesizukulwane sesihlanu izokwakhela ekusebenzeni kwefa ngezinzuzo ezibalulekile ezisebenza kahle," kusho u-Weingarden.
I-GM itshala imali engaphezu kwesigidigidi esingu-$1 emandleni okukhiqiza izinjini zamabhulokhi amancane, okuholela ekudalweni kwemisebenzi eyi-1711 noma kongiwe.
Injini ye-Gen-V ilindeleke esikhathini esizayo esiseduze futhi iqinisekisiwe ukuthi izoba nezikhungo zemigodi engu-110mm, ebiyingxenye yokwakhiwa kwamabhulokhi amancane kusukela ekuqaleni.
I-GM yaqala ukuthuthukiswa kwe-V8 ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, ngemva kokuba unjiniyela omkhulu u-Ed Cole ethuthela e-Chevrolet esuka eCadillac, lapho ahola khona ukuthuthukiswa kwenjini ye-V8 ye-premium.
Ithimba lika-Cole ligcine idizayini yevalvu ephezulu eyisisekelo eyayiyisisekelo senjini ye-Chevrolet ye-inline-six, ebizwa ngothando ngokuthi i-Stovebolt.
Kwakubhekwa njengenye yamandla omugqa wemoto we-Chevrolet, egcizelela umqondo wokulula nokuthembeka. U-Cole uphonsele inselelo onjiniyela bakhe ukuthi baqinise injini entsha ukuze ihlangane, ingabizi futhi ibe lula ukuyikhiqiza.
Ngemva kokukhishwa kwayo ohlwini lwe-Chevy ngo-1955, injini entsha ye-V8 yayincane ngokomzimba, ilula ngo-23 kg futhi inamandla kakhulu kunenjini ye-Stovebolt eyi-six-cylinder. Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi bekuyinjini ehamba phambili ye-Chevrolet, bekuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwakha izinjini ezincane ezasebenzisa amasu okukhiqiza athuthukisiwe.
Ngemva kweminyaka emibili kuphela emakethe, izinjini ezincane ze-block seziqalile ukukhula kancane kancane mayelana nokufuduka, amandla kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe.
Ngo-1957, kwasungulwa inguqulo yomjovo wemishini kaphethiloli, ebizwa ngokuthi iRamjet. Ukuphela komkhiqizi omkhulu ohlinzeka ngomjovo kaphethiloli ngaleso sikhathi kwakuyiMercedes-Benz.
Umjovo kaphethiloli osebenza ngomshini waqedwa maphakathi nawo-1960, kodwa umjovo kaphethiloli olawulwa nge-elekthronikhi waqala ukuvela kumabhulokhi amancane ngawo-1980, futhi i-Tuned Port Injection yethulwa ngo-1985, ibeka ibhentshimakhi.
Lolu hlelo lokujova uphethiloli olulawulwa nge-elekthronikhi luye lwathuthukiswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ukwakheka kwalo okuyisisekelo kusasetshenziswa ezimotweni eziningi namaloli amancane eminyakeni engu-25 kamuva.
Izikhungo zezimbobo ezingu-110mm zebhulokhi encane zizoba uphawu lokusebenza kwebhulokhi elincane elihlangene nokusebenza kahle.
Lona kwakuwusayizi okwaklanywa kuwo ibhulokhi elincane lesizukulwane III ngo-1997. Ngo-2011, ibhulokhi encane isesizukulwaneni sesine, inika amandla amaloli asayizi ogcwele we-Chevrolet, ama-SUV namaveni, amaloli aphakathi nendawo, kanye nezimoto ezisebenza kahle i-Camaro ne-Corvette. .
Injini yokuqala engu-4.3 litre (265 cu in) ngo-1955 yakhiqiza amandla afinyelela ku-145 kW (195 hp) ene-four-barrel carburetor.
Namuhla, ibhulokhi encane engu-9-litre (6.2 cu. in.) eshaje kakhulu i-LS376 ku-Corvette ZR1 inamandla angu-638.
