Iso ebhethrini

Amanye amabhethri omshini afakwe inkomba yokushaja, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-peephole. Imvamisa, umbala wayo oluhlaza ukhombisa ukuthi ibhethri ihlelekile, obomvu kukhombisa isidingo sokushaja, futhi umhlophe noma omnyama ukhombisa isidingo sokugcwalisa amanzi. Abashayeli abaningi benza izinqumo mayelana nokugcinwa kwebhethri ngokusekelwe kunkomba eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Nokho, ukufundwa kwayo akuhambelani ngaso sonke isikhathi nesimo sangempela sebhethri. Ungafunda mayelana nokuthi yini engaphakathi kweso lebhethri, ukuthi isebenza kanjani nokuthi kungani ungeke ulethembe ngokungenamibandela kulesi sihloko.

Likuphi iso lebhethri futhi lisebenza kanjani?

Iso lenkomba yebhethri libukeka njengefasitela eliyindilinga elikhanyayo elivela ngaphandle, elitholakala kukhava engaphezulu yebhethri, evamise ukuba eduze namabhange amaphakathi. Inkomba yebhethri ngokwayo iyi-hydrometer yohlobo lwe-float liquid. Ukusebenza nokusetshenziswa kwalolu cingo kuchazwe kabanzi lapha.

Kungani udinga i-peephole ebhethri futhi isebenza kanjani: ividiyo

Umgomo wokusebenza kwenkomba yokushajwa kwebhethri usekelwe ekulinganiseni ukuminyana kwe-electrolyte. Ngaphansi kweso eliyisivalo kuneshubhu lokuqondisa ukukhanya, isihloko salo esicwiliswe ku-asidi. Ithiphu futhi iqukethe amabhola anemibala eminingi enziwe ngezinto ezihlukene ezintanta phezulu ku-asidi ethile egcwalisa ibhethri. Ngenxa yomhlahlandlela wokukhanya, umbala webhola ubonakala ngokucacile efasiteleni. Uma iso lihlala limnyama noma limhlophe, lokhu kubonisa ukuntuleka kwe-electrolyte kanye nesidingo sokugcwalisa ngamanzi acwecwe, noma ukuwohloka kwebhethri noma inkomba.

Usho ukuthini umbala wenkomba yokushajwa kwebhethri?

Umbala wenkomba yokushajwa kwebhethri yesimo esithile uncike kumkhiqizi. Futhi nakuba kungekho indinganiso eyodwa, imibala elandelayo ingabonakala kaningi emehlweni:

Imibala yesikhombi sokushajwa kwebhethri

• Okuhlaza - ibhethri lishajwe ngo-80-100%, izinga le-electrolyte livamile, ukuminyana kwe-electrolyte kungaphezu kuka-1,25 g/cm3 (∓0,01 g/cm3).
• Okubomvu - izinga lokushaja lingaphansi kuka-60-80%, ukuminyana kwe-electrolyte kwehle ngaphansi kuka-1,23 g/cm3 (∓0,01 g/cm3), kodwa izinga layo livamile.
• Okumhlophe noma okumnyama - izinga le-electrolyte lehlile, udinga ukwengeza amanzi bese ushaja ibhethri. Lo mbala ungabonisa nezinga eliphansi lokushaja.

Ulwazi oluqondile mayelana nombala wenkomba kanye nencazelo yalo kuqukethwe kupasipoti yebhethri noma phezulu kwelebula layo.

Kusho ukuthini iso elimnyama ebhethrini?

Iso lenkomba yokushaja elimnyama

Iso elimnyama ebhethrini lingavela ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili:

1. Umthamo webhethri wehlile. Lolu khetho lufanele amabhethri angenalo ibhola elibomvu kunkomba. Ngenxa yokuminyana okuphansi kwe-electrolyte, ibhola eliluhlaza alintanti, ngakho-ke ubona umbala omnyama ongezansi kweshubhu lomhlahlandlela wokukhanya.
2. Izinga le-electrolyte lehlile - ngenxa yezinga le-asidi eliphansi, akukho nelilodwa lamabhola elingantanta phezulu. Uma, ngokusho kwemiyalelo, esimweni esinjalo inkomba kufanele ibe mhlophe, kusho ukuthi ingcolile ngemikhiqizo yokubola yamapuleti ebhethri.

Kungani imbobo yebhethri ibonakala ngokungalungile?

Ngisho naphakathi kwama-hydrometer ajwayelekile, amadivaysi ohlobo lwe-float abhekwa njenganembe kakhulu. Lokhu kusebenza nasezikhombi zebhethri ezakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ngezansi kunezinketho nezizathu zokuthi kungani umbala weso lebhethri ungabonisi isimo sawo sangempela.

Izinkomba zebhethri zisebenza kanjani

1. Iso ebhethrini elichithiwe lingase lihlale liluhlaza uma kubanda. Ukuminyana kwe-electrolyte yebhethri kukhuphuka ngokwehla kwezinga lokushisa. Ku-+25°C kanye nokuminyana okungu-1,21 g/cm3, okuhambisana nenkokhiso engu-60%, iso lenkomba lizoba bomvu. Kodwa ku-20°C, ukuminyana kwe-electrolyte kukhuphuka ngo-0,04 g/cm³, ngakho inkomba ihlala iluhlaza ngisho noma ibhethri selikhishwe uhhafu.
2. Inkomba ibonisa isimo se-electrolyte kuphela embizeni efakwe kuyo. Izinga nokuminyana koketshezi kwezinye kungase kuhluke.
3. Ngemva kokwengeza i-electrolyte ezingeni elidingekayo, ukufundwa kwezinkomba kungase kungalungile. Amanzi azohlangana ne-asidi ngokwemvelo ngemva kwamahora angu-6-8.
4. Inkomba ingase ibe namafu, futhi amabhola akuyo angase akhubazeke noma abambelele endaweni eyodwa.
5. I-peephole ngeke ikuvumele ukuthi uthole isimo samapuleti. Noma ngabe zigoqiwe, zafinyezwa noma zambozwa nge-sulfate, ukuminyana kuzoba ngokwejwayelekile, kodwa ibhethri ngeke likwazi ukushaja.

Ngenxa yezizathu ezichazwe ngenhla, akufanele uthembele kuphela kunkomba eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ukuze uhlole ngokunembile isimo sebhethri esetshenziswayo, udinga ukukala izinga nokuminyana kwe-electrolyte kuwo wonke amabhange. Ukushajwa nokuguga kwebhethri elingalungiswa kungabhekwa kusetshenziswa i-multimeter, ipulaki yokulayisha noma ithuluzi lokuxilonga.

Kungani iso ebhethrini lingabonisi luhlaza ngemva kokushaja?

Idizayini yesikhombi sokushajwa kwebhethri

Isimo sivame ukuvela lapho, ngemva kokushaja ibhethri, iso lingashintshi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yalezi zizathu ezilandelayo:

1. Amabhola abhajiwe. ukuze uyikhulule, udinga ukungqongqoza efasiteleni noma, uma kungenzeka, ukhulule i-hydrometer bese uyinyakazisa.
2. Ukubhujiswa kwamapuleti kwaholela ekungcolisweni kwenkomba kanye ne-electrolyte, ngakho-ke ibhola alibonakali.
3. Ngesikhathi sokushaja, i-electrolyte ibilisiwe futhi izinga layo lehla ngaphansi kokujwayelekile.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

• Imbobo yokukroba kubhethri ibonisani?

  Umbala weso ebhethrini ukhombisa isimo samanje sebhethri kuye ngezinga le-electrolyte kanye nokuminyana kwayo.

• Imuphi umbala okufanele inkomba yebhethri ikhanyise?

  Uma izinga le-electrolyte nokuminyana kujwayelekile, inkomba yebhethri kufanele ikhanyise ngokuluhlaza. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi, isibonelo esimweni sezulu esibandayo, lokhu kungase kungabonisi isimo sangempela sebhethri.

• Sisebenza kanjani inkomba yokushajwa kwebhethri?

  Inkomba yokushaja isebenza ngomgomo we-float hydrometer. Ngokuya ngobuningi be-electrolyte, amabhola anemibala eminingi antanta phezulu, umbala wawo obonakala ngefasitela ngenxa yeshubhu lokuqondisa ukukhanya.

• Wazi kanjani ukuthi ibhethri ishajwe ngokugcwele?

  Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-voltmeter noma ipulaki yokulayisha. Inkomba yebhethri eyakhelwe ngaphakathi inquma ukuminyana kwe-electrolyte ngokunemba okuphansi, kuye ngezimo zangaphandle, futhi kuphela ebhange lapho ifakwe khona.