Iphi inzwa ye-crankshaft etholakala ku-Honda SRV

Angiyazi le njini, kodwa yonke into ibukeka sengathi i-DPKV yokulungisa igiya disk ayixhunywanga ngqo ku-crankshaft, kodwa kwenye i-shaft eshayelwa ku-crankshaft ngegiya/iketango/ibhande (mhlawumbe ku-camshaft. , noma kolunye uhlobo lomphini ophakathi, noma ku-camshaft). Uma kunjalo, isignali evela kule DPKV ngeke iqukathe ulwazi olunembile mayelana nesivinini esisheshayo se-crankshaft, njengoba uxhumano phakathi kwe-drive disk ne-crankshaft aluqinile ngokwanele. Futhi njengoba lungekho ulwazi oluqondile kuthokheni yasekuqaleni, iskripthi se-CSS ngeke sikwazi ukusikhipha kulolu phawu.

Ngisanda kufunda lesi sihloko. Futhi njengoba isihloko sadalwa kudala, ngangingeke ngisaphendula lapha. Kodwa, ngemva kokufunda kwaze kwaba sekugcineni, ngathola ukuthi usengaba nayo le moto futhi nganquma ukuphendula. Uma kungenzeka: cacisa lapho inzwa ye-crankshaft ikhona, lapho idrayivu yayo itholakala khona. Kungaba kuhle ukubona isithombe.

Eqinisweni, inzwa yokuma kwe-crankshaft isebenza njengesidlulisi se-analog sokuvumelanisa inqubo yokushiswa kwengxube kaphethiloli emakamelweni avuthayo enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi ngaso leso sikhathi lapho ipiston iyicindezela. Isiginali idluliselwa kukhompyutha esebhodini, inzwa ngokwayo ifakwe eduze kwe-flywheel yenjini.

Inhloso yenzwa ye-DPKV

Ezinhlelweni zesimanje zezimoto zokuthungela ngogesi, ingxube kaphethiloli ijovwa kumasilinda, futhi inhlansi inikezwa i-spark plug ngemva kokucindezelwa yikhompyutha esebhodini. Inzwa ye-DPKV isetshenziselwa ukunquma indawo yamapiston ngesikhathi esinikeziwe. Yile divayisi ye-elekthronikhi edlulisela isignali ku-ECU ukwenza ukulandelana kwezenzo ezichazwe ukuthungela imoto nge-elekthronikhi.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi ukuguqulwa kwenzwa ye-crankshaft esetshenziswayo, izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwalesi sisetshenziswa zivezwa lapho kungekho umjovo wenhlansi / uphethiloli noma ukwephulwa kwalo mjikelezo. Ngamanye amazwi, injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ayikwazi ukuqalwa noma injini ivele ime ngemva kwesikhashana. Lokhu kubonisa ukuhlanekezela kwesignali yendawo yepiston ngezansi nangaphezulu nendawo efile.

Kancane kancane, ikhebula elixhuma i-DPKV ku-ECU lilimale, kulokhu isignali ayithunyelwa kukhompyutha esebhodini, ukusebenza kwenjini akunakwenzeka ngokomthetho.

Ifakwe kuyiphi injini?

Idivayisi enjalo ayikwazi ukufakwa ezimotweni ngaphandle kwekhompiyutha esebhodini, nasezinjini ze-carburetor. Ngakho-ke, i-DPKV ikhona kuphela ezinjini zikadizili nezinjini zokujova. Ukuze uthole indawo yenzwa ye-crankshaft, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici zokusebenza kwayo:

• izingxenye zeqembu le-crank, ama-pulleys kanye ne-flywheel afakwe ku-crankshaft;
• I-KShM ifihliwe ku-tray, amabhande amagiya afanayo afakwe kuma-pulleys, ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukulungisa inzwa eduze nalezi zingxenye;
• i-flywheel iyingxenye enkulu kunazo zonke, ingeyezinhlelo zezinjini eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngakho-ke i-DPKV inamathiselwe eduze kwayo ukuze inikeze ukufinyelela okusheshayo lapho ishintsha.

Isexwayiso: Inzwa yendawo ye-crankshaft ithathwa njengedivayisi ye-elekthronikhi engalungiseki. Iyaxilongwa futhi ishintshwe lapho kutholakala iphutha eliphelele.

Inzwa ye-DPRV

Ngaphezu kwenzwa ye-crankshaft, inzwa ye-DPRV ingafakwa enjinini yangaphakathi evuthayo, enesibopho sokuhlinzeka ngengxube kaphethiloli kanye nenhlansi kusilinda esithile enjinini. Akuyona into eyinhloko kagesi, ngokungafani ne-crankshaft, ifakwe ku-camshaft. Igama layo lesibili inzwa yesigaba se-pulse-type.

Uma i-PRV inesici, injini ngeke iyeke ukusebenza, kodwa ama-injection azodubula kabili ngokuphindaphindiwe kumodi ehambisanayo kuze kube yilapho inkinga isilungisiwe.

Idizayini kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwenzwa ye-crankshaft

Ukuze inzwa idlulise isignali ngekhebula ku-microcontroller yekhompyutha, kusetshenziswa isimiso esilandelayo:

1. ikakhulukazi amazinyo amabili e-flywheel awafakiwe;
2. ukuguqula wonke amazinyo e-flywheel eduze kwe-DPKV, ahlanekezela amandla kazibuthe akhiqizwa kukhoyili yedivayisi;
3. ngesikhathi sokudlula eduze kwenzwa yesigaba somqhele ngezinyo elilahlekile, ukuphazamiseka kuyanyamalala;
4. idivayisi ithumela isignali mayelana nalokhu kukhompyutha, futhi ikhompuyutha inquma indawo eqondile yamapiston kusilinda ngasinye.

Ukusebenza okulungile kungenzeka kuphela ngegebe lika-1 kuya ku-1,5 mm phakathi kwamazinyo egiya le-flywheel ring kanye ne-electrode yedivayisi. Ngakho-ke, kukhona ama-wedges ngaphezu kwesihlalo se-DPKV. Futhi ikhebula elihambisanayo elinobude obungu-0,5 - 0,7 m ukusuka kukhompyutha ifakwe isixhumi se-turnkey.

Isofthiwe ye-ECU ikuvumela ukubala isikhundla se-pistons kumasilinda I no-IV lapho isignali yamukelwa kanye nesiqondiso sokujikeleza kwe-shaft. Lokhu kwanele ekukhiqizeni okulungile kwamasignali kuphethiloli kanye nenzwa yokuthungela.

Umthambo

Ngokwesakhiwo, le nzwa iqukethe i-LED nomamukeli. Isignali ikhiqizwa kumamukeli ngokudlula engxenyeni ye-flywheel enamazinyo agugile, njengoba ngalesi sikhathi ugongolo lwe-LED aluvinjwanga ngokuphelele amanye amazinyo.

Lezi zenzo ezilula azikuvumeli ukuthi usebenzise idivayisi ukwenza okunye ukusebenza. Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle (ukuyeka ukusebenzisana komlilo), i-DPKV ishintshwa kanye nekhebula.

Inzwa yeHholo

Isebenza ngesimiso somehluko ongase ube khona esigabeni esiphambanayo sezinsimbi (Umphumela weHholo), inzwa yesikhundla se-crankshaft inomsebenzi owengeziwe wokusabalalisa ukuthungela emakamelweni avuthayo amasilinda.

Isimiso esilula sokusebenza kwenzwa sisekelwe ekubukeni kwe-voltage ngenxa yoshintsho endaweni kazibuthe. Ngaphandle kwe-flywheel enamazinyo amabili acijile, le divayisi ngeke isebenze.

I-inductive

Ngokungafani nokuguqulwa kwangaphambilini, inzwa ye-magnetic crankshaft position isebenza ngokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic:

• insimu ikhiqizwa njalo eduze kwedivayisi;
• I-voltage yokunikeza isignali ku-microprocessor yenzeka kuphela lapho idlula esigabeni segiya lendandatho ye-flywheel, lapho kungekho khona amazinyo.

Ukulawula ukuma kwe-ekseli akuyona ukuphela kwenketho yale divayisi, futhi isebenza njengenzwa yesivinini se-eksisi.

Njengoba idivayisi kazibuthe kanye nenzwa yeHholo kungamadivayisi asebenza ngezinto eziningi, avame ukusetshenziswa kumamotho.

Le yindawo ka DPKV

Ngisho nokuhlelwa okuminyene kwezingxenye kanye nemihlangano yomshini ngaphansi kwe-hood, abakhiqizi bazama ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwe-DPKV yokushintshwa ngokushesha emgwaqeni. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda lapho inzwa ye-crankshaft itholakala khona kulula kakhulu:

• itholakala phakathi kwe-alternator pulley kanye ne-flywheel;
• ubude bekhebula banele ukuxhumana kwamahhala kunethiwekhi esebhodini;
• kukhona ama-wedges alungisayo esihlalweni sokubeka igebe lika-1 - 1,5 mm.

Ngenxa yekhanda le-turnkey, ngisho nomshayeli we-novice angakwazi ukususa inzwa.

Ukungasebenzi kahle okukhulu

Ngokwesiko, ezintweni eziningi zikagesi ezisebhodini, ezinye izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwenzwa ye-crankshaft zinqunywa ngokubukeka. Isibonelo, uma okuthi Hlola kukudeshibhodi, umshayeli unekhodi yokufunda yephutha, umshayeli uzoveza amaphuzu angu-19 noma angu-35.

Amaphutha amaningi ajwayelekile yilawa:

• ukuvala injini ngokuzenzekelayo;
• ukuntuleka kokuqaliswa;
• ukusebenza okuphuthumayo kwama-injection / ama-injection kabili kaningi kunomjikelezo onqunyiwe (ukwehluleka kwe-DPRV).

Enye yezindlela ezitholakalayo zokuzixilonga kuleli cala "i-sonification" nomhloli. Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwe-sensor winding kufanele kube phakathi kuka-500 no-800 ohms.

Kungase kudingeke ukulungiswa uma kwenzeka kulimala okomshini ocingweni. Isibonelo, uma ukungcola noma izinto zangaphandle zifika endaweni ye-flywheel rim, isignali izohlanekezelwa yizo.

I-timing disc ingase ifakwe uzibuthe ngephutha phakathi nokuxilongwa. Kulokhu, ukulungiswa kuqukethe i-demagnetization usebenzisa inqubo ekhethekile usebenzisa i-transformer esiteshini sesevisi.

Uma ukumelana kwe-coil winding kungahambisani nemingcele eshiwo, umnikazi wemoto ngokuvamile uthola ngezimpawu ezingaqondile:

• amajika agxume ngokungahleliwe;
• i-dynamics yokunyakaza iyanyamalala noma amandla enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi alahlekile;
• engenzi lutho "intanta";
• ama-detonations ayenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Qaphela: Njengoba lokhu kungasebenzi kahle kungadalwa ezinye izizathu, kungcono ukuvakashela isiteshi sesevisi ukuze uthole ukuxilonga ikhompyutha. Njengendlela yokugcina, kufanele uhlole inzwa ye-crankshaft usebenzisa izindlela ezitholakalayo.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-DPKV ne-DPRV

Uma kukhona ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, kungaba nezizathu eziningi. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwendawo ethize engalungile, ukuxilonga inzwa ye-crankshaft kuyinqubo edla isikhathi esincane kakhulu. Khona-ke, kuye ngemiphumela, ukuxazulula izinkinga ezengeziwe kungenziwa noma inzwa ye-crankshaft ingashintshwa uma isheke liveza ukungasebenzi kahle. Umgomo wokuxilonga usuka kokulula kuye kokuyinkimbinkimbi, okungukuthi, ukuhlola okubukwayo, bese uhlola nge-ohmmeter, bese usebenzisa i-oscilloscope noma kukhompyutha.

Qaphela: Ukuze uhlole i-DPKV, kunconywa ukuyiqaqa, ngakho-ke kufanele umake ngokushesha indawo yayo ngokuphathelene nomzimba.

Ukuhlola okubonakalayo

Njengoba inzwa ifakwe ne-gap setting, leli banga kufanele liqale lihlolwe nge-caliper. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zokuhlola ngokubonakalayo inzwa ye-crankshaft:

• ukutholwa kwezinto zangaphandle phakathi kwayo nesiteringi;
• thola ukungcola endaweni yamazinyo alahlekile wediski yesikhathi;
• ukuguga noma ukuphuka kwamazinyo (akuvamile kakhulu).

Eqinisweni, kulesi sigaba, umnikazi wemoto akanabo ubunzima. Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kufanele kwenziwe ngezinsimbi, okungcono nge-multimeter (i-tester), engashintshwa kumodi ye-ohmmeter, i-voltmeter ne-ammeter.

I-Ohmmeter

Kulesi sigaba, ukuhlola inzwa yesikhundla se-crankshaft akudingi ulwazi olukhethekile nolwazi:

1. i-multimeter isethwe endaweni ye-ohmmeter (2000 ohms);
2. ukumelana kukalwa ngomhloli kukhoyili yezinzwa;
3. inani layo lisukela ku-500 kuya ku-800 ohms;
4. noma yiliphi elinye inani libonisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi i-DPKV idinga ukulungiswa.

Njengoba inzwa ithengeka impela, ishintshwa ngokuphelele. Ukwazi ukuthi ikuphi, udinga ukuyikhipha ngamatheminali ebhethri anqanyuliwe kusetshenziswa isikrufu.

Hlola Okujulile

Kunconywa ukuhlola okuphelele ngaphambi kokushintsha inzwa ye-crankshaft. Izimo eziyinhloko zokuqaliswa kwayo yilezi:

• izinga lokushisa ekamelweni (20 degrees);
• ukuba khona kwe-transformer, i-omet, i-voltmeter, imitha ye-inductance kanye ne-megohmmeter.

Ukulandelana kokuqinisekisa imi kanje:

1. i-transformer inikeza i-500 V ku-winding;
2. ukumelana nokwahlukanisa kufanele kube ngaphakathi kwe-20 MΩ;
3. i-coil inductance 200 - 400 mH.

Uma amapharamitha acacisiwe angaphakathi kwebanga elivamile, futhi iphutha lokuhlola likuphaneli, khona-ke imbangela yokungasebenzi ilele kwamanye amanodi enjini evuthayo angaphakathi. Kusukela kunzwa, isignali idluliselwa ngaphandle kokuhlanekezela. Uma noma yisiphi isici sichezuka kunani lokuzisholo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kushintshwe inzwa yendawo ye-crankshaft.

I-Oscilloscope esiteshini sesevisi

Ngaphezu kwentengo engenakufinyeleleka kumshayeli ojwayelekile, i-oscilloscope idinga iziqu eziphakeme ezivela kumsebenzisi. Ngakho-ke, uma sikhuluma ngokuxilongwa kochwepheshe kwe-DPKV, kungcono ukuxhumana nesevisi yemoto ekhethekile.

Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa esizeni, ikhebula alinqanyulwa kukhompyutha:

1. idivayisi isethwe kumodi ye-crank inductive;
2. i-clamp ye-oscilloscope isekelwe;
3. isixhumi esisodwa sixhunywe ku-USBAutoscopeII, esesibili sixhunywe ku-terminal A yenzwa;
4. injini iyasuswa yi-starter noma iskrola iye esitobhini.

Noma yikuphi ukuchezuka ku-amplitude yamagagasi esikrinini se-oscilloscope kuzobonisa ukuthi isignali ehlanekezelwe evela kunzwa idluliselwa ngekhebula.

Ama-nuances wokusebenza kwezinzwa ze-DPKV ne-DPRV

Uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka okungazelelwe komshini kagesi emgwaqeni, ukuqala okujwayelekile nokusebenza kwenjini akunakwenzeka. Ochwepheshe besiteshi sesevisi batusa ukuba ne-DPKV eyisipele ukuze ukwazi ukufaka esikhundleni senzwa ye-crankshaft ngezandla zakho ensimini. Idivayisi ayibizi, ngokugcinwa okufanele ayinakonakaliswa noma iphuke. Eminye imininingwane yilena:

• ukungasebenzi kahle kwenzwa yesikhundla se-crankshaft - ukungasebenzi okungavamile, kungcono ukuxilonga esiteshini sesevisi ku-oscilloscope;
• ngemva kokuthola izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwenzwa yesikhundla se-crankshaft, kubalulekile ukusetha uphawu ngaphambi kokuhlakazeka;
• ibanga lokufaka elinconyiwe kudiski ye-synchronizer ngu-1 mm;
• kwenqatshelwe ukuxilonga ukuphuka ngelambu lokukhanya; umsebenzi wenziwa ngokucisha umlilo.

Ngakho-ke, inzwa ye-crankshaft iyona kuphela idivayisi enjinini yomlilo yangaphakathi evumelanisa ukuthungela. Ukuwohloka kwamacala angama-90% kwenza imoto ingakwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kokukwazi ukufika esiteshini sesevisi. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuba nesethi eyisipele ye-DPKV emotweni.