ubunjiniyela bukagesi

Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, kuyadingeka ukukhiqiza amandla ngendlela engenamthelela omubi omncane emvelweni. Ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezihlanganisiwe kanye nazo zonke zikagesi kufanele kube yimpendulo ezinkingeni zezwe lanamuhla. Ngokuthakazelisayo, imoto yokuqala eyi-hybrid yadalwa ngo-1900, futhi umdali wayo nguFerdinand Porsche. Kuthathe iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu ukuthi imoto kagesi yamukeleke embonini yezimoto. Namuhla, amabhayisikili kagesi aqala ukuzwa, ngenxa yokuthi ungakwazi ukuhlanganisa amabanga amade ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu. Ikhono lokufaka isicelo, ukucubungula nokugcina ugesi libonakala libaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni wanamuhla. Onjiniyela bakagesi bangochwepheshe kulo mkhakha. Sikumema ukuba ufunde.

iyindawo yokufunda emanyuvesi amaningi e-polytechnic ePoland. Ihlinzekwa futhi ngamanyuvesi kanye nezikole. Umuntu ozongenela ukhetho akufanele abe nenkinga enkulu yokuzifunela isikole. Ukungena enyuvesi ozikhethele yona kungaba yinkinga.

Lapho kuqashwa unyaka wezifundo ka-2020/21, i-Krakow University of Technology, ehlanganisa ubunjiniyela bukagesi ne-automation, yaqopha abantu abangu-3,6 endaweni eyodwa. E-Wrocław University of Science and Technology, abantu abaningi ababewuthakasela lo mkhakha wokufunda baphindwe kabili kunalawo enyuvesi. Ukuvinjezelwa kobunjiniyela bakagesi bekukuhle iminyaka eminingi, ngakho-ke imikhawulo yabafundi lapha iphakathi kwephezulu kakhulu. Lapho ufaka isicelo enyuvesi, ukuncintisana kufanele kulindeleke. Ungakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ngokuthatha isivivinyo sokugcina sikamatikuletsheni.

Ubunjiniyela bukagesi buningi izibaloNgakho-ke, amaphuzu aphezulu kunguqulo ethuthukisiwe yokuhlolwa kwe-Matura kunconywa kakhulu. Kule physics noma isayensi yekhompiyutha, kunethuba lokungena eqenjini elihle labafundi kulokhu. "Ubunjiniyela" lapha buhlala iminyaka engu-3,5, futhi "inkosi" - unyaka nesigamu. Ucwaningo lomjikelezo wesithathu luvulekele abathweswe iziqu abafuna ukwandisa ulwazi lwabo futhi bazithathe njengososayensi.

Ukuqeda inqubo yokuqasha, thatha umoya omncane bese uzama ukuphumula kusengaphambili, ngoba kusukela ku-semester yokuqala kuyoba yisikhathi sokufunda kanzima. Ikharikhulamu ayibathokozisi abafundi futhi idinga ukuthi bagxile ekuqedeleni imisebenzi eyahlukene. Bazoba baningi emkhakheni wezibalo. Kuningi lapha, cishe amahora angama-165. Kunezindaba zokuthi ususa kanjani ngempumelelo umfundi ngemuva komfundi, okushiya kuphela abaphikelele kakhulu unyaka wonke.

Kuneqiniso elithile kuyo yonke indaba, ngakho-ke ungazibukisi endlovukazini, esekelwe amahora angu-75 we-physics, ilungele ukukhipha izimpunga ezimbalwa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubulili bomfundi. Ngezinye izikhathi, noma kunjalo, lokhu akuhlwanyeli isiphithiphithi, kunikeze indawo emkhakheni we-circuit theory kanye namadivayisi kagesi.

Izophinde ifakwe eqenjini lokuqukethwe eliyinhloko. Amahora angama-90 wolwazi nangemva, kanye nemidwebo yobunjiniyela, izindlela zezinombolo. Okuqukethwe yisifundo kuhlanganisa: ubuchwepheshe bamandla kagesi aphezulu, ubunjiniyela bemishini nobunjiniyela bukagesi, amandla, ithiyori yenkundla kagesi. Izifundo zizohluka kuye ngobungcweti obukhethwe ngumfundi.

Isibonelo, e-Lodz University of Technology, abafundi bangakhetha kulokhu okulandelayo: i-automation kanye ne-metrology, amandla, iziguquli ze-electromechanical. Uma kuqhathaniswa, i-Warsaw University of Technology inikeza: ubunjiniyela bamandla, i-electromechanics yezimoto zikagesi nemishini, izinto zikagesi zezimboni, amasistimu ashumekiwe, ubuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa kanye ne-multimedia, kanye nobuchwepheshe bamandla kagesi aphezulu kanye nokuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic. Ngakho-ke kunokuningi ongakhetha kukho, kodwa ukuze ungene ekukhetheni okukhethekile, kufanele usinde ngonyaka wokuqala. Kunzima ukusho ukuthi le misebenzi inzima noma inzima kakhulu. Njengenjwayelo, kuncike ezintweni eziningi eziguquguqukayo. Izinga lenyuvesi, ukuzibophezela kanye nesimo sengqondo sothisha, izimo kanye namakhono omfundi, nokuthi sithonywa kanjani isimo sezemfundo.

Kwabanye, izibalo kanye ne-physics kungaba inkinga, kanti kwabanye, ukuhlaziywa kwe-vector kanye nezinhlelo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, imibono mayelana nezinga lobunzima kule ndawo ihlukene kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, siphakamisa ukuthi singazihlaziyi ngokuningiliziwe, kodwa sigxile ekufundeni okuhlelekile ukuze uhambo olungalindelekile olunesichibiyelo noma isimo singaveli endimeni eyinhloko.

Unyaka wokuqala lesi ngokuvamile yisikhathi lapho umzamo nomzamo omkhulu udingeka kumfundi. Kungaba nzima ukushintsha uhlelo lwezemfundolapho osekujwayele ukuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme. Indlela entsha yokudlulisa ulwazi, ehlanganiswe nezinga eliphezulu lokunikezwa kolwazi olusha kanye nenhlangano entsha yesikhathi, edinga ukuzimela okukhulu kakhulu, yenza ukufunda kube nzima. Akuwona wonke umuntu ongakwazi ukuyiphatha. Abaningi bayayeka noma bayeke ekupheleni kwesemester yesibili. Akuyona yonke idatha ezogcinwa kuze kube sekupheleni. Njengoba sekushiwo, kuncike ezintweni eziningi, kodwa akuvamile ukuthi bonke bafinyelele ukuzivikela, futhi abaningi banweba ukuhlala kwabo enyuvesi unyaka noma emibili. Ukuze ugweme ukumangala okungajabulisi, kuyadingeka ukutadisha ngenkuthalo futhi usakaze amandla ngendlela efanele ukuze kube nesikhathi esanele sokuphila komfundi.

Ukuthola iziqu ze-master kwezobunjiniyela bakagesi kufana nokwazi ukuthi ubunolwazi olubanzi olungasetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi. Ngakho-ke, amathuba omsebenzi walabo abathweswe iziqu makhulu impela. Umsebenzi ungenziwa, kufaka phakathi: amahhovisi okuklama, amabhange, izinsizakalo, ukuqondiswa kokukhiqiza, izinsizakalo ze-IT, amandla, izikhungo zocwaningo, ezohwebo. Imali etholwayo isezingeni le-PLN 6800 iyonke. Zizoshintsha kuye ngentuthuko, ulwazi, amakhono, izikhundla nezinkampani.

Ithuba elihle le ukuthuthukiswa kochwepheshe igxile emandleni, osekuyisikhathi eside ingenye yezihloko ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezobuchwepheshe, ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yemvelo emisha kanye nokuwohloka kwabanye kusho ukuthi inqubomgomo yamandla idinga ukwakhiwa kwemisebenzi emisha konjiniyela bakagesi abaqeqeshiwe. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubheke ikusasa ngethemba lomsebenzi omuhle kanye nethuba lokuzibona emsebenzini ngemuva kokuphothula iziqu. Esimeni samanje somnotho, ukuthola umsebenzi wakho wokuqala akumele kube yinkinga enkulu, ngoba ngokuvamile abasebenzi abenele. Ngokuvamile isonto ngalinye kuba nezikhala ezintsha ezimbalwa.

Ukulinda okuhlangenwe nakho kungase kube nzima, kodwa njengoba besho, akukho lutho olunzima kakhulu kulowo olufunayo. Okokuqala, abaqashi abaningi bazimisele ukutshala imali ekuqeqesheni abasebenzi, ngaleyo ndlela bamxhumanise nenkampani yabo, futhi okwesibili, Ungenza ama-internship akhokhelwayo kanye nama-apprenticeships ngesikhathi sokufunda kwakho. Abafundi betoho basethubeni elingcono kulokhu, njengoba bengathola imisebenzi engadingi iziqu zobunjiniyela ngaleyo ndlela bathole isipiliyoni esenza kube lula ukuthola umsebenzi uma sebephothule.

Lesi siqondiso sisakhethwa ikakhulukazi ngamadoda, kodwa inani lonjiniyela besifazane liyakhula kancane kancane. ubunjiniyela bukagesi kusenza sikholwe ukuthi lo mkhuba uzoshintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kungasiza futhi ukwazi amathuba okuthola iziqu zobunjiniyela bukagesi.

Lena indawo lapho ungathola khona ulwazi olugcwele ebangeni elibanzi, futhi amakhono atholwe phakathi nezifundo zakho azokuvumela ukuthi uthole umsebenzi othokozisayo ozoklonyeliswa ngemali engaphezulu kwesilinganiso. Ukufinyelela lo mgomo kungaphakathi kwawo wonke umfundi, kodwa kudinga ukunakwa okukhulu ekufundeni. Izinga lobunzima kufanele libhekwe phezulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobuningi bezinto ezibonakalayo. Akuwona wonke umuntu ozokwazi ukuthatha lesi sifundo, kodwa noma ubani ophikisana nenselelo futhi anikeze u-100% uzokwazi ukuphumelela. Sikumema kunjiniyela kagesi.