I-E-fuel, kuyini?

Ngamafuphi, i-e-fuel - ifundeka kanje: i-ecological, ihluke kozakwabo bendabuko ikakhulukazi ngendlela etholakala ngayo. Lesi sakamuva sihlanganisa indlela yokwenziwa esebenzisa amanzi ne-carbon dioxide, kanye nokusebenzisa ugesi ongavumelani nemvelo namandla elanga. Njengakuwoyela owaziwayo, phakathi kwamafutha okwenziwa singathola i-e-petroli, i-e-diesel kanye ne-e-gas.

Ukungathathi hlangothi, kusho ukuthini lokho?

Ngokuvamile amafutha okwenziwa emvelo abizwa ngokuthi angathathi hlangothi. Imayelana nani? Leli gama lisekelwe ebudlelwaneni babo ne-carbon dioxide. Ukungathathi hlangothi okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla kusho ukuthi i-carbon dioxide kokubili iyingxenye edingekayo ekukhiqizweni kwe-e-fuel kanye nomkhiqizo wokushiswa kwayo. Kakhulu ngethiyori. Nokho, empeleni, yi-carbon dioxide engena emkhathini kanye namagesi akhipha umoya. Abashisekeli bemvelo bamafutha amasha baphikisa ngokuthi lawa akamuva ahlanzeke kakhulu kunamagesi akhipha umoya wezinjini asebenza kumafutha emvelo ezinto ezimbiwa phansi.

I-sulphur ne-benzene mahhala

Ngakho-ke, ake siqale ngophethiloli osetshenziswa kakhulu - uphethiloli. Uzakwabo wokwenziwa yi-e-petroli. Uwoyela ongahluziwe awudingeki ukuze kukhiqizwe lamafutha emvelo, njengoba uthathelwa indawo yi-isooctane ewuketshezi. Lesi sakamuva sitholakala kukhemikhali ephilayo eqenjini lama-hydrocarbon abizwa ngokuthi i-isobutylene ne-hydrogen. I-E-petroli ibonakala nge-ROZ ephezulu kakhulu (Ucwaningo Oktan Zahl - okuthiwa inombolo ye-octane yocwaningo), ifinyelela ku-100. Uma kuqhathaniswa, inombolo ye-octane kaphethiloli etholakala kuwoyela ongahluziwe isuka ku-91-98. Inzuzo ye-e-petroli nayo ubumsulwa bayo - ayinayo isulfure ne-benzene. Ngakho-ke, inqubo yomlilo ihlanzekile kakhulu, futhi inombolo ye-octane ephezulu ibangela ukwanda okukhulu kwesilinganiso sokucindezela, okuholela ekwandeni kokusebenza kahle kwezinjini zikaphethiloli.

I-Blue Crude - cishe idizili ye-elekthronikhi

Ngokungafani nophethiloli we-diesel wendabuko, i-electrodiesel nayo isetshenziswa njengophethiloli wokwenziwa. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ukuyidala, udinga izithako ezingahlangene nokusebenza kumayunithi edizili, njenge ... amanzi, i-carbon dioxide nogesi. Ngakho-ke i-e-diesel yenziwa kanjani? Eyokuqala yalezi zithako ezingenhla, amanzi, ashiselwa ekushiseni okungaba ngu-800 degrees C phakathi nenqubo ye-electrolysis. Uma uyiguqula ibe isitimu, ibola ibe i-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo. I-hydrogen kuma-fusion reactor ibe-ke isabela ne-carbon dioxide ezinqubweni zamakhemikhali ezilandelayo. Zombili zisebenza ekushiseni okungaba ngu-220 ° C kanye nokucindezela kwe-25 bar. Njengengxenye yezinqubo zokuhlanganisa, kutholakala uketshezi lwamandla olubizwa ngokuthi i-Blue Crude, ukwakheka kwalo okusekelwe kuma-hydrocarbon compounds. Ngemva kokuphothulwa kwayo, kuzokwazi ukukhuluma mayelana nophethiloli we-e-diesel wokwenziwa. Lawa maphethiloli anenombolo ephezulu ye-cetane futhi awaqukethe izinhlanganisela eziyingozi zesulfure.

Nge-synthetic methane

Futhi ekugcineni, okuthile kubathandi begesi yemoto, kodwa hhayi kunguqulo ethandwa kakhulu ye-LPG, okuyinhlanganisela ye-propane ne-butane, kodwa ku-CNG igesi yemvelo. Uhlobo lwesithathu lwamafutha emvelo, i-e-gas, aluhlangene nalokho okushayela izinjini zezimoto ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe. Ukuze kukhiqizwe lolu hlobo lwamafutha, kudingeka amanzi avamile nogesi. Ngesikhathi se-electrolysis, amanzi ahlukaniswa abe umoya-mpilo ne-hydrogen. Okwakamuva kuphela okudingekayo kwezinye izinjongo. I-hydrogen ihlangana ne-carbon dioxide. Le nqubo, ebizwa ngokuthi i-methanation, ikhiqiza ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali egesi ye-electron efana naleyo yegesi yemvelo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ngenxa yokukhishwa kwayo, i-by-products yizinto ezingenabungozi ezifana ne-oxygen namanzi.