Izimoto zikagesi ngokumelene nezimoto ezixubile

Uma uhlola izinketho ezingcono kakhulu zokonga uphethiloli emakethe, ungacabangela kokubili izimoto zikagesi (ama-EV) nama-hybrids. Izimoto zikagesi kanye ne-hybrid zibheke ukuqhela enjinini kaphethiloli ukuze zonge abanikazi imali echithwe kuphethiloli kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kukaphethiloli kukonke.

Zombili izinhlobo zezimoto zinezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwazo zombili. Ubuchwepheshe busha, ngakho ingqalasizinda yezimoto zikagesi ingaphansi kokuthuthukiswa, futhi izinhlelo zebhethri eziyinkimbinkimbi zingabiza ukuzinakekela. Kodwa-ke, kukhona amakhredithi athile entela yenhlangano, yesifunda, neyendawo yezimoto ezigunyaziwe, kanye nokufinyelela komzila we-HOV/carpool ezindaweni ezithile.

Uma ukhetha phakathi kwemoto kagesi nehybrid, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yini ezenza zifaneleke njengemoto eyingxube noma esebenza ngogesi, umehluko wazo, kanye nobuhle nobubi bokuba nazo.

izimoto hybrid

Izimoto ezihlanganisiwe ziyinhlanganisela yezimoto zenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi (ICE) kanye nezimoto zikagesi ezixhunyiwe. Afakwe kokubili injini yendabuko kaphethiloli nebhethri. AmaHybrid athola amandla kuzo zombili izinhlobo zenjini ukuze akhulise amandla, noma eyodwa nje, kuye ngesitayela sokushayela somsebenzisi.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-hybrids: ama-hybrids ajwayelekile kanye nama-plug-in hybrids (PHEVs). Ngaphakathi "kwe-hybrid ejwayelekile" kukhona futhi ama-hybrids amnene nochungechunge, ngalinye elihlukaniswa nokufakwa kobuchwepheshe bezimoto zikagesi:

ama-hybrids athambile

Ama-hybrids athambile engeza inani elincane lezinto zikagesi emotweni ye-ICE. Lapho wehla noma ufika ume ngokuphelele, njengalapho erobhothini, injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ye-hybrid ingase ivaleke ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi uma ithwala umthwalo omncane. I-ICE iziqalisa kabusha ngokwayo, futhi izingxenye zikagesi zemoto zisiza ukunika amandla isitiriyo, isimo somoya, futhi, kwamanye amamodeli, ukubhuleka okuvuselelayo nesiteringi samandla. Kodwa-ke, akukho lutho olungasebenza kuphela kugesi.

• Izinzuzo: Ama-hybrids athambile angonga ezindlekweni zikaphethiloli, alula futhi abiza kancane kunezinye izinhlobo zamahybrids.
• Umthengi: Basabiza ngaphezu kwezimoto ze-ICE ukuthenga nokukhanda, futhi abanalo ukusebenza okugcwele kwe-EV.

AmaHybrid ochungechunge

Ama-Series hybrids, awaziwa nangokuthi ama-split-power noma ama-parallel hybrids, asebenzisa injini encane evuthayo yangaphakathi ukushayela imoto ngesivinini esiphezulu futhi ithwale imithwalo esindayo. Isistimu kagesi webhethri inika amandla imoto kwezinye izimo. Ifinyelela ukulingana phakathi kokusebenza kahle kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi nokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli ngokwenza injini isebenze kuphela uma isebenza kahle kakhulu.

• Izinzuzo: Ilungele ukushayela edolobheni, izinhlobo ezixubekile zesitoko zisebenzisa igesi kuphela uhambo olusheshayo, olude futhi ngokuvamile zithengeka kakhulu ngokonga kukaphethiloli kanye nentengo.
• Umthengi: Ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi bezingxenye zikagesi, ama-stock hybrids ahlala ebiza kakhulu kunezimoto zendabuko ezinobukhulu obufanayo futhi ngokuvamile anemiphumela ephansi yamandla.

I-plug-in hybrids

Ama-plug-in hybrids angakhokhiswa eziteshini zokushaja izimoto zikagesi. Nakuba besenazo izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi futhi zisebenzisa ibhuleki evuselelayo ukuze zibe namandla ebhethri, zingahamba amabanga amade zinikwa amandla injini kagesi kuphela. Futhi banebhethri elikhudlwana uma liqhathaniswa nama-hybrids ajwayelekile, okuwenza abe nzima kodwa okubavumela ukuthi basebenzise amandla kagesi ukuze bazuze okwengeziwe kanye nobubanzi bubonke.

• Izinzuzo: Ama-plug-in anobubanzi obunwetshiwe uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi zebhethri ngenxa yenjini eyengeziwe kaphethiloli, ashibhile ukuwathenga kunezimoto eziningi ezisebenza ngogesi, futhi ishibhile ukusebenzisa kunezingxube ezijwayelekile.
• Umthengi: Basabiza ngaphezu kwama-hybrids ajwayelekile kanye nezimoto ezijwayelekile ze-ICE futhi zinesisindo esingaphezu kwama-hybrids ajwayelekile anephakethe lebhethri elikhulu.

Izindleko ezijwayelekile

• Okokhelekayo: Ngenxa yokuthi ama-hybrid asebenza kukho kokubili uphethiloli nogesi, kunezindleko zikaphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi ezinganqunyelwa kuye ngesitayela sokushayela. Ama-hybrid angashintsha kusuka kugesi aye kuphethiloli, okuwanika ibanga elide kwezinye izimo. Isibonelo, umshayeli kungenzeka aphelelwe ibhethri ngaphambi kokuphelelwa uphethiloli.
• Isondlo: AmaHybrid agcina zonke izinkinga zokulungisa abanikazi bezimoto ze-ICE ababhekana nazo, ngaphezu kwengozi yezindleko zokushintshwa kwebhethri. Zingase zingabizi kakhulu uma kuziwa emananini kaphethiloli, kodwa izindleko zokulondoloza zifana nezimoto zendabuko.

Izimoto zikagesi

NgokukaSeth Leitman, uchwepheshe wezimoto zikagesi, isizukulwane sakamuva “siletha izimoto ezingakhiphi igesi enamandla, ububanzi nokuphepha.” Izimoto zikagesi zinikwa amandla ibhethri elikhulu, okungenani elinenjini eyodwa kagesi exhunywe amandla, kanye nesistimu eyinkimbinkimbi yesofthiwe yokuphatha ibhethri. Ayinkimbinkimbi ngokwemishini kunezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi, kodwa anomklamo webhethri oyinkimbinkimbi. Izimoto zikagesi zinebanga eliphezulu lamandla kagesi wonke kunama-plug-in, kodwa azinalo ibanga elinwetshiwe lokusebenza kukaphethiloli.

• Izinzuzo: Izimoto zikagesi zinezindleko eziphansi zokulungisa ngenxa yobulula bazo bokuklama futhi zinikeza idrayivu eseduze nokuthule, izinketho ezishibhile zikaphethiloli kagesi (okuhlanganisa ukushaja ekhaya), kanye nezingakhi ezikhishwayo.
• Umthengi: Kusasebenza, izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ziyabiza futhi zilinganiselwe ngobubanzi obunezikhathi zokushaja ezinde. Abanikazi badinga ishaja yasekhaya, futhi wonke umthelela wemvelo wamabhethri agugile awukaziwa.

Izindleko ezijwayelekile

• Okokhelekayo: Izimoto zikagesi zonga abanikazi imali ezindlekweni zikaphethiloli uma zinesiteshi sokushaja sasekhaya. Njengamanje, ugesi ushibhile kunegesi, futhi ugesi odingekayo ukushaja imoto uya ukukhokhela izikweletu zikagesi wasendlini.
• Isondlo: Izindleko eziningi zokunakekelwa kwezimoto zendabuko azibalulekile kubanikazi bezimoto zikagesi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Nokho, abanikazi kusadingeka babheke amathayi abo, umshwalense nanoma yimuphi umonakalo owenziwe ngengozi. Ukushintsha ibhethri lemoto kagesi nakho kungabiza uma liguga ngemva kwesikhathi sewaranti yebhethri yemoto.

Imoto kagesi noma imoto eyi-hybrid?

Ukukhetha phakathi kwemoto kagesi noma i-hybrid kuncike ekutholakaleni komuntu ngamunye, okuncike kakhulu kwisitayela sokushayela. Izimoto zikagesi azinazo izinzuzo ezifanayo kubagibeli abahamba amabanga amade uma kuqhathaniswa nama-plug-in hybrids noma izimoto ezinamandla omlilo. Izikweletu zentela nezaphulelo zisebenza kuzo zombili izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi kanye ne-hybrid, kodwa inani eliphelele lokonga liyahlukahluka ngokwezifunda nendawo. Kokubili kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi futhi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwezinjini zikaphethiloli, kodwa okuhle nokubi kusala kuzo zombili izinhlobo zezimoto. Ukukhetha kuncike ezidingweni zakho zokushayela.