Izikhali ze-electromagnetic microwave Ingxenye. eyodwa

Izikhali ze-electromagnetic ku-microwave

Ukusabalala nokukhula njalo kokusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi ezinhlelweni zezikhali zesimanje kusho ukuthi sekuphele iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi, wonke amabutho amakhulu omhlaba esebenzisa noma esebenza ngezindlela ezifanele zokulwa - izikhali ze-microwave electromagnetic ezicekela phansi noma eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwezikhali. zonke izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi zakhelwe kunoma iyiphi impahla yezempi. Awukwazi ukuzivikela emiphumeleni yako, futhi ungazama ukunciphisa imiphumela yakho ngokwakha izivikelo ezifanele kumishini yakho.

I-athikili yethula izindlela zokulwa ezihlukene nezindlela zobuchwepheshe zokwenza ukuhlasela kwe-electromagnetic ukumelana nomthelela wezikhali zesihloko. Iphinde ichaze ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani izisetshenziswa zakho ekuhlaselweni okunjalo. Izinhlobo eziningi zemishini emisha yezempi zakhiwa ePoland, kodwa, ngeshwa, ngisho nezinyathelo eziyisisekelo zokuvikela emiphumeleni yezikhali ze-electromagnetic azifakiwe kuyo, futhi le mishini izosebenza isikhathi esingaphezu kweshumi nambili, noma ngisho namashumi eminyaka ambalwa, futhi uma ibamba iqhaza kunoma yikuphi ukungqubuzana kwezikhali zanamuhla, nakanjani izohlaselwa izikhali ezithuthukayo kazibuthe kagesi. Lokhu kusebenza futhi emisebenzini ye-expeditionary kanye nezingxabano ze-asymmetric, ngoba izikhali ezinjalo zingaba umklamo olula kakhulu, empeleni zidalwe kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi. ekhaya, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwayo sekuphawulwe kakade ezingxabanweni zaseMpumalanga Ephakathi.

Izikhali ze-electromagnetic ku-microwave

I-Directed Energy Weapons (DEW) kanye ne-Radio Frequency Directed Energy Weapons (RF-DEW)

Izikhali ze-Microwave electromagnetic ziwusongo lwangempela hhayi enkundleni yempi kuphela. Kwaziwa kahle ukuthi izinhlelo zezikhali nezimoto zokulwa zihlonyiswa ngamasistimu kagesi athuthukayo ahlinzeka abasebenzisi ngamathuba amasha. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlasela okuphumelelayo okuphazamisa ukusebenza kwabo okulungile kuvame ukubavumela ukuba baqedwe ngokuphumelelayo. Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwempi kagesi (EW - Electronic Warfare) kusabalele. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi amazwe amaningi athuthukile kwezempi athuthukisa izindlela zawo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuvikela ekuhlaselweni yizibuthe zikagesi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, "Izikhali Zamandla Eziqondisiwe" (ama-DEW) ziyizikhali zikagesi, i-laser kanye ne-acoustic ezisekelwe ekugelezeni kwezinhlayiyana. Kulesi sihloko, ngaphandle kwezimbalwa ezimbalwa, sizogxila kuphela ezikhalini zamandla eziqondiswe kuma-radio-frequency directed (RF-GNE), ezishaya okuhlosiwe ngokwakha ama-voltage alimazayo namaza kanye nemiphumela yokushisa eqongelelekayo yendawo ngenxa yomthelela wezinhlobo ezahlukene zamagagasi agxilile. ugongolo. amasimu kagesi anamandla aphezulu namandla amakhulu, amakhulu kuya ezinkulungwaneni zezikhathi ezinkulu kuneso sikhali sempi kagesi, isikhathi esifushane kakhulu - ukusuka kuma-micro kuya kuma-millisecond (isibalo esingezansi).

Umsebenzi we-RF-ROSA ukucekelwa phansi kwethagethi noma ukuphazamiseka okungenakuhlehliswa kokusebenza kwesikhali noma izakhi zaso eziqukethe izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi namadivayisi (izinhlelo ze-C4ISR, iziteshi zomsakazo, imicibisholo neziqhumane zazo, izinzwa ezahlukahlukene nezinhlelo ze-optoelectronic, njll. .), ngaphandle kwesidingo sazo sokuqashelwa okunembile. Ngemuva kokuqedwa kokuchayeka kwe-RF-DEW, okokusebenza okuhlaselwe kuba okungasebenziseki unomphela.

Emkhakheni wezikhali zikagesi, kunemigomo nemibandela eminingi. Umehluko oyisisekelo ukuhlukaniswa kwemiqondo ye-electronic warfare / electronic warfare system (izikhali) kanye nezikhali zikagesi. Izikhali ze-EW zenzelwe ukujamza (ukuthulisa) amanye amadivaysi kagesi futhi zisebenze, njengomthetho, ngamandla aphansi, nge-oda le-1 kW, kusetshenziswa ama-algorithms okusebenzisana kwamagagasi omsakazo ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Umsebenzi wakhe uwukuvimbela isitha ukuba singasebenzisi izinto zaso zikagesi, kuyilapho ngesikhathi esifanayo sithola amandla emishini yaso yokusebenza. Amasistimu e-EW ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ayabiza ngenxa: izinhlobonhlobo zokuhlosiwe, isidingo sokuqaphela ngokunembile ama-algorithms okusebenza kwawo ngaphambi kokuhlasela, nezindlela ezingaba khona zokuwephula. Ukusetshenziswa kwalokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-electronic camouflage akusizi kangako izinhlelo ze-electronic intelligence. Ngokusekelwe ekukhishweni kogesi kagesi, bayakwazi ukunquma indawo okuyiyonayona yamayunithi angawodwana, kanye nokuhlonza uhlobo lwawo (ngokwesibonelo, ngokubona nokubala imithombo yemisebe etholakala endaweni ethile) kanye nomsebenzi owenziwayo (ngokwesibonelo, ngokuhlola izinguquko endaweni yemithombo yemisebe ngayinye). Isikhathi eside empini, echazwa ngokuthi i-WRE, akukhona kuphela "ukusekelwa kwe-elekthronikhi" (I-Electronic Warfare Support, i.e. ukuqashelwa okwenziwayo kwemisebe ye-electromagnetic ukuthola ulwazi mayelana nesitha) kanye "nokuhlasela kwe-electronic" (I-Electronic Attack - esebenzayo noma engenzi lutho. ukusetshenziswa kwemisebe ye-electromagnetic enamandla aphansi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukusetshenziswa kwalolu hlobo lwemisebe yisitha), kodwa futhi "ukuvikelwa kwe-electronic" (Ukuvikelwa kwe-elekthronikhi). Ukuzivikela, njengomthetho, zonke izinhlobo zemisebenzi ekhawulela ikhono lesitha ukwenza imisebenzi yokusekelwa kwe-elekthronikhi nokuhlasela. Ngokuvamile, izinhlangothi eziphikisanayo zisebenzisa izindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokuvikela ekutholweni nasekulandeleni (ECM - Electronic Countermeasure) noma izinyathelo eziphikisana nesitha i-ECM (I-Electronic Counter-Countermeasure).

Amathrendi amathathu amakhulu embonini yezempi yama-elekthronikhi eguqukayo njalo igqugquzele ukwanda komhlaba wonke kwentshisekelo yokusebenzisa izikhali ze-RF-DEW enkundleni yempi. Okokuqala, inqubekelaphambili ekwakhiweni kwezinto zamandla kagesi e-DC namaseli anamandla aphezulu, kanye nokwakhiwa kwamajeneretha emisebe kagesi enamandla kakhulu ebangeni le-microwave. Isici sesibili ukuchayeka okwandayo emiphumeleni kagesi kagesi yemishini emisha ye-elekthronikhi nezingxenye zazo ezisetshenziswa emishini yezempi. Lokhu kubangelwa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, usayizi omncane njalo wama-transistors, ikakhulukazi uhlobo lwe-MOSFET (i-metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor), ukuminyana okuphezulu kakhulu kwama-semiconductors kumasekethe ahlanganisiwe (umthetho kaMoore) kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphansi kwamandla nokuphakelwa. I-voltage yama-transistors kuma-microprocessors (okwamanje acishe abe ngu-1 V), amafrikhwensi awo okusebenza aku-gigahertz futhi ukuxhumana okungenantambo kuya ngokuya kusabalele. Isici sesithathu ukukhula kokuncika kwezinga lobuchwephesha bezikhali ezisanda kwakhiwa emishinini kagesi esetshenziswa kuzo. Ngakho-ke, i-RF-DEW ingacekela phansi noma ikhubaze izinhlobo ezintsha zezikhali. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lolu hlobo lwesikhali ludinga ukuhlanganiswa futhi luhanjiswe ezisekelweni ezimelana nemiphumela yaso elimazayo.