Izinjini zochungechunge lweToyota K
Izinjini ze-K-series zakhiqizwa kusukela ngo-1966 kuya ku-2007. Zaziyinjini enamasilinda amane anamandla aphansi. Isijobelelo esingu-K sikhombisa ukuthi injini yalolu chungechunge ayiyona ingxubevange. Ama-intake and exhaust manifolds atholakala ohlangothini olufanayo lwebhulokhi yesilinda. Ikhanda le-cylinder (ikhanda le-cylinder) kuzo zonke izinjini zalolu chungechunge lenziwe nge-aluminium.
Umlando wendalo
Ngo-1966, okokuqala ngqa, kwakhululwa injini entsha ye-Toyota. Yakhiqizwa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo "K" iminyaka emithathu. Ngokuhambisana nayo, kusukela ngo-1968 kuya ku-1969, i-KV ethuthukisiwe kancane yaphuma emgqeni womhlangano - injini efanayo, kodwa nge-carburetor emibili.
Ifake:
- iToyota Corolla;
- Toyota Publica.
Ngo-1969, yathathelwa indawo injini yeToyota 2K. Inezinguquko eziningana. Isibonelo, eNew Zealand yakhiqizwa ngamandla angu-54 hp / 5800 rpm, futhi i-45 hp yanikezwa eYurophu. Injini yakhiqizwa kwaze kwaba ngu-1988.
Kufakwe ku-:
- I-Toyota Publica 1000 (KP30-KP36);
- Toyota Starlet.
Ngokufanayo, kusukela ngo-1969 kuya ku-1977 kwakhiqizwa injini ye-3K. Wayenamandla okudlula umfowabo. Iphinde yakhiqizwa ngezinguquko eziningana. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi imodeli ye-3K-V yayifakwe ama-carburetor amabili. Lokhu okusha kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukukhulisa amandla eyunithi kuya ku-77 hp. Sekukonke, injini yayinezinguquko ezingu-8, kodwa amamodeli awazange ahluke ekusakazeni kwamandla amakhulu.
Amamodeli alandelayo akwaToyota afakwe le yunithi yamandla:
- I-Corolla;
- Inyamazane;
- I-LiteAce (KM 10);
- Inkanyezi;
- IdolobhaAce.
Ngaphezu kwe-Toyota, injini ye-3K ifakwe kumamodeli we-Daihatsu - Charmant ne-Delta.
Injini yeToyota 4K iphawule ukuqala kokusetshenziswa komjovo kaphethiloli. Ngakho-ke, kusukela ngo-1981, inkathi yama-carburetors kancane kancane yaqala ukuncipha. Injini yakhiqizwa 3 izinguquko.
Indawo yakhe yayisezindaweni ezifanayo zezimoto njenge-3K.
Injini engu-5K ihlukile kunenjini engu-4K ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe. Isho amayunithi amandla aphansi.
Ekulungisweni okuhlukahlukene, ithole isicelo kumamodeli alandelayo akwaToyota:
- UCarina Van KA 67V Van;
- I-Corolla Van KE 74V;
- I-Corona Van KT 147V Van;
- I-LiteAce i-KM 36 Van ne-KR 27 Van;
- Inyamazane;
- uTamaraw;
- I-TownAce KR-41 Van.
Injini yeToyota 7K inomthamo omkhulu. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, amandla anda. Ifakwe ugesi oshintshwayo kanye no-othomathikhi. Yakhiqizwa kokubili nge-carburetor kanye ne-injector. Ibe nezinguqulo eziningana. Ifakwe kumamodeli emoto afanayo nowandulelayo, ngaphezu kwalokho - kuToyota Revo.
Umkhiqizi akazange abonise isisetshenziswa sezinjini ze-K, kodwa kukhona ubufakazi bokuthi, ngokulungiswa okufika ngesikhathi futhi okufanele, bahlengikazi ngokuthula i-1 million km.
Технические характеристики
Izici zezinjini ze-Toyota K ezivezwe etafuleni zisiza ukulandelela indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwazo. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi injini ngayinye yayinezinhlobo eziningana ezashintsha amanani edijithali. Ukungezwani kungaba, kodwa kuncane, kungakapheli ± 5%.
| К | I-28 | I-38 | I-48 | I-58 | I-78 | |
| Umkhiqizi | ||||||
| Iminyaka yokukhululwa | 1966-1969 | 1969-1988 | 1969-1977 | 1977-1989 | 1983-1996 | 1983 |
| Isilinda block | ||||||
| Amasilinda | ||||||
| Amasilinda ngesilinda ngasinye | ||||||
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 75 | 72 | 75 | 75 | 80,5 | 80,5 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 61 | 61 | 66 | 73 | 73 | 87,5 |
| Umthamo wenjini, cc (l) | 1077 (1,1) | 993 | 1166 (1,2) | 1290 (1,3) | 1486 (1,5) | 1781 (1,8) |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 9,0 | 9,3 | ||||
| Amandla, i-hp / rpm | 73/6600 | 47/5800 | 68/6000 | 58/5250 | 70/4800 | 80/4600 |
| I-Torque, Nm / rpm | 88/4600 | 66/3800 | 93/3800 | 97/3600 | 115/3200 | 139/2800 |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | ||||||
| Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli | Carb/eng | |||||
| I-Fuel | I-AI-92, AI-95 | |||||
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, l / 100 km | 4,8 | 7,7 | 9,6-10,0 | |||
Ukuthembeka
Zonke izinjini zochungechunge lwe-K zibonakala njengezithembeke kakhulu, ezinomkhawulo omkhulu wokuphepha. Lokhu kufakazelwa wukuthi baphethe irekhodi lokuphila isikhathi eside. Ngempela, ayikho imodeli eyodwa eye yakhiqizwa isikhathi eside kangaka (1966-2013). Ukuthembeka kufakazelwa yiqiniso lokuthi izinjini ze-Toyota zochungechunge lwe-K zazisetshenziswa emishinini ekhethekile nasezimotweni zezimpahla nabagibeli. Ngokwesibonelo, Toyota Lite Ace (1970-1996).
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi injini ibhekwa njengokwethenjelwa kangakanani, izinkinga zingahlala ziphakama kuyo. Isikhathi esiningi lokhu kudalwa ukungalungiswa kahle. Kodwa zikhona nezinye izizathu.
Kuzo zonke izinjini zochungechunge lwe-K, inkinga eyodwa evamile iyisici - ukuzikhulula kwe-mount manifold mount. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuyiphutha lokuklama noma iphutha lomqoqi (okungenakwenzeka, kodwa ...). Kunoma yikuphi, ngokuqinisa amantongomane okuqinisa kaningi, le nhlekelele kulula ukuyigwema. Futhi ungakhohlwa ukushintsha ama-gaskets. Khona-ke inkinga izongena emlandweni kuze kube phakade.
Ngokuvamile, ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kwabashayeli abasondelene kakhulu nezinjini zalolu chungechunge, ukwethembeka kwabo akungabazeki. Ngokuya ngezincomo zomkhiqizi ngokusebenza kwala mayunithi, ayakwazi ukuhlenga i-1 million km.
Amathuba wokulungisa injini
Abashayeli bezimoto abanezinjini zomlilo zangaphakathi zalolu chungechunge ezimotweni zabo cishe abazi izinkinga nabo. Ukugcinwa ngesikhathi esifanele, ukusetshenziswa koketshezi olusebenzayo olunconyiwe kwenza le yunithi "ingapheli".
Injini iguqulelwe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokukhanda, ngisho nemali. Nokho, amaJapane awaphumeleli. Kodwa asiwona amaJapane! Esimeni sokuguga kwe-CPG, i-cylinder block inesithukuthezi kusayizi wokulungisa. I-crankshaft nayo iyashintshwa. Ama-cushions ama-liners anesithukuthezi ngobukhulu obufunayo futhi ukufakwa kuphela kusele.
Izingxenye eziyisipele zenjini ziyatholakala cishe kuzo zonke izitolo eziku-inthanethi kunoma iyiphi i-assortment. Izinsizakalo eziningi zezimoto zikwazile ukulungisa kabusha izinjini zaseJapan.
Ngakho-ke, kungashiwo ngokuqiniseka ukuthi akuwona kuphela ama-motor we-K athembekile, futhi ayagcinwa ngokuphelele.
Abashayeli bezimoto babiza izinjini ze-K-series "ezinejubane eliphansi ne-torque ephezulu." Ngaphezu kwalokho, baqaphela ukukhuthazela kwabo okuphezulu nokwethembeka. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi azikho izinkinga ngokulungiswa. Ezinye izingxenye zingashintshaniswa nezingxenye zamanye amamodeli. Isibonelo, ama-crank angu-7A afanele i-7K. Nomaphi lapho injini ye-Toyota K-series ifakwe khona - emotweni yabagibeli noma iveni elincane, ngokulungiswa okufanele, isebenza ngokungenasici.
