Izinjini zochungechunge lweToyota B

Injini yokuqala ye-Toyota B-series diesel yasungulwa ngo-1972. Lolu phiko lubonakale lungenasizotha futhi luyi-omnivorous kangangokuthi inguqulo engu-15B-FTE isakhiqizwa futhi ifakwe ezimotweni zeMega Cruiser, i-analogue yaseJapane ye-Hummer yamasosha.

I-diesel Toyota B

I-ICE yokuqala yochungechunge lwe-B yayiyinjini engama-cylinder amane ene-camshaft ephansi, ukufuduka kwe-2977 cm3. I-cylinder block nekhanda kwakwenziwe ngensimbi ekhonjiwe. Umjovo oqondile, akukho turbocharging. Icamshaft ishayelwa isondo legiya.

Ngokwezindinganiso zanamuhla, lena injini enejubane eliphansi, i-torque ephezulu ewela ku-2200 rpm. Ama-Motor anezici ezinjalo alungele ukunqoba ngaphandle komgwaqo kanye nokuthutha izimpahla. Ukusheshisa okuguquguqukayo nesivinini esiphezulu kushiya okuningi okufanele ukwenze. I-Land Cruiser enenjini enjalo yayikwazi ukuhambisana ne-Zhiguli yakudala kuphela ijubane elifinyelela ku-60 km/h, kuyilapho igigitheka njengogandaganda.

I-Land cruiser 40

Ukusinda okungenakuqhathaniswa kungabhekwa njengenzuzo engenakuqhathaniswa yale motor. Isebenza kunoma yimuphi uwoyela, igaya cishe noma iliphi iphunga eliwuketshezi lamafutha edizili. Injini ayithambekele ekushiseni ngokweqile: bachaza icala lapho iLand Cruiser enenjini enjalo isebenza ngaphandle kwezinkinga izinyanga ezimbalwa ngokushoda kwama-5 amalitha okupholisa.

I-in-line high pressure fuel pump ithembekile njengenjini iyonke. Abasebenzi benkonzo yezimoto abavamile ukuxilonga le node, bakholelwa ukuthi akukho lutho oluzophulwa lapho. Inkinga kuphela eyenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukugudluzwa kwe-engeli yokujova uphethiloli iye ohlangothini lwakamuva ngenxa yokuguga kumagiya okushayela isikhathi kanye ne-high-pressure fuel pump camshaft. Ukulungisa i-engeli akunzima kakhulu.

Izingxenye ezisengozini kakhulu zenjini yizifutha ze-nozzle. Bayeka ukufafaza uphethiloli ngokujwayelekile ngemuva kwebanga elingamakhilomitha ayi-100. Kodwa ngisho nama-injection anjalo, imoto iyaqhubeka iqala futhi ishayela ngokuzethemba. Kulokhu, amandla aphela, futhi intuthu iyanda.

Kodwa akufanele ukwenze lokhu. Kunombono wokuthi ama-injection angalungile adala ukubopha amasongo e-piston, okuzodinga ukulungiswa kabusha kwenjini. Ukulungiswa okuphelele kwemoto, kucabangela izindleko zezingxenye ezisele, kuzoholela enanini le-1500 USD. Kulula kakhulu ukuhlanza ama-injection.

Injini yafakwa ezimotweni ezilandelayo:

• Land Cruiser 40;
• Toyota Dyna 3,4,5 isizukulwane;
• Daihatsu Delta V9/V12 uchungechunge;
• I-Hino Ranger 2 (V10).

Eminyakeni emi-3 ngemuva kokuqala kokukhiqiza, i-motor B yesimanjemanje. Inguqulo engu-11 B yavela, lapho umjovo kaphethiloli wafakwa khona ngqo ekamelweni elivuthayo. Lesi sinqumo sinyuse amandla enjini ngamahhashi angu-10, itorque inyuke ngo-15 Nm.

diesel Toyota 2B

Ngo-1979 kwenziwa ukuthuthukiswa okulandelayo, kwavela injini engu-2B. Ukususwa kwenjini kwanda ku-3168 cm3, okwanikeza ukwanda kwamandla ngamahhashi angu-3, ​​i-torque yanda ngo-10%.

Toyota 2B

Ngokwesakhiwo, injini yahlala injalo. Ikhanda nesilinda kwakuphonswe ngensimbi ewukhonkolo. I-camshaft itholakala ngezansi, ku-cylinder block. Ama-valve ashayelwa ama-pusher. Kunama-valve amabili isilinda. I-camshaft ishayelwa ngamagiya. Iphampu kawoyela, iphampu yevacuum, iphampu yomjovo iqhutshwa yisimiso esifanayo.

Uhlelo olunjalo lunokwethenjelwa ngokwedlulele, kodwa luye lwanda inertia ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezixhumanisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingxenye eziningi zikhiqiza umsindo obalulekile. Ukuze ulwe nayo, injini ye-2B isebenzisa amagiya anamazinyo e-oblique, agcotshwa nge-nozzle ekhethekile. I-lubrication system iwuhlobo lwegiya, iphampu yamanzi ibishayelwa ibhande.

Injini ye-2B iqhubekisele phambili isiko lalowo owandulelayo. Ibonakala njengeyunithi ethembeke ngokwedlulele, ehlala isikhathi eside, engathobeki elungele ama-SUV, amabhasi amancane namaloli. Injini yafakwa kuToyota Land Cruiser (BJ41/44) kanye neToyota Coaster (BB10/11/15) emakethe yasekhaya kwaze kwaba ngu-1984.

Injini 3B

Ngo-1982, i-2B yathathelwa indawo injini engu-3B. Ngokwesakhiwo, lena injini ye-diesel efanayo ene-cylinder ephansi enama-valve amabili nge-cylinder ngayinye, lapho ivolumu yokusebenza ikhuphuka ibe ngu-3431 cm3. Ngaphandle kwevolumu ekhuphukile kanye nesivinini esikhulu esikhuphuke, amandla ehle ngo-2 hp. Kwakukhona izinguqulo ezinamandla kakhudlwana injini - 13B, ifakwe ngqo fuel umjovo kanye 13B-T, okuyinto has a turbocharger. Ezinguqulweni ezinamandla kakhulu, ipompo ethuthukisiwe yesayizi encishisiwe yafakwa futhi i-trochoid, esikhundleni segiya, iphampu yamafutha.

Injini 3B

Isibandisi sikawoyela safakwa phakathi kwephampu kawoyela nesihlungi ezinjinini ezingu-13B nezingu-13B-T, okwakuyisishintshi sokushisa esipholiswe ngesinqamuleli. Izinguquko ziholele ekwenyukeni kwebanga phakathi kokuthatha uwoyela nepompo cishe izikhathi ezi-2. Lokhu kwandise kancane isikhathi sokulamba kwamafutha enjini ngemva kokuyiqala, okungazange kube nomthelela omuhle kakhulu ekuqineni kwawo.

Amamotho e-3B series afakwe kulezi zimoto ezilandelayo:

• I-Dyna (isizukulwane sesi-4, sesi-5, sesi-6)
• I-Toyoace (isizukulwane sesi-4, sesi-5)
• I-Land Сruiser 40/60/70
• Ibhasi le-coaster (isizukulwane sesibili, sesi-2)

Izinjini 13B kanye 13B-T zafakwa kuphela Land Cruiser SUV.

4b injini

Ngo-1988, kwazalwa izinjini zochungechunge lwe-4B. Ivolumu yokusebenza ikhuphuke yaba ngu-3661 cm3. Ukwanda kutholwe ngokufaka esikhundleni se-crankshaft, okwandisa ukushaywa kwe-piston. I-diameter yesilinda yahlala ifana.

Ngokwesakhiwo, injini evuthayo yangaphakathi yaphinda ngokuphelele eyandulelayo. Le njini ayizange isatshalaliswe; ukuguqulwa kwayo okungu-14B ngomjovo oqondile kanye ne-14B-T ene-turbocharging yayisetshenziswa kakhulu, enamandla aphezulu nokusebenza kahle. Injini ye-4B ngesimo sayo esihlanzekile yayingaphansi kakhulu kunezimbangi zayo kule mingcele. I-14B ne-14B-T zifakwe ezimotweni iToyota Bandeirante, iDaihatsu Delta (V11 series) kanye neToyota Dyna (Toyoace). Ama-Motor akhiqizwa kuze kube ngu-1991, eBrazil kuze kube ngu-2001.

4B

15b injini

I-15B-F, 15B-FE, 15B-FTE motors, eyethulwa ngo-1991, iqedela uhla lwezinjini ze-B-series. I-15B-FTE isakhiqizwa futhi ifakwe kuToyota Megacruiser.

IToyota Mega Cruiser

Kule njini, abaklami balahle uhlelo oluphansi futhi basebenzisa uhlelo lwe-DOHC lwendabuko ngamakhamera amancane. I-camshaft itholakala ekhanda ngaphezu kwama-valve. Uhlelo olunjalo, kusetshenziswa i-turbocharger ne-intercooler, lwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukufeza izici ezamukelekayo zokudonsa. Amandla amakhulu kanye ne-torque kufinyelelwa nge-rpm ephansi, okuyilokho okudingekayo emotweni yebutho lendawo yonke.

Технические характеристики

Okulandelayo yithebula elifingqiwe lokucaciswa kobuchwepheshe bezinjini zochungechunge lwe-B:

Injini	Ukusebenza ivolumu, cm3	Umjovo oqondile uyatholakala	Ukuba khona kwe-turbocharging	Ukuba khona kwe-intercooler	Amandla, i-hp, ngo-rpm	I-Torque, Nm, ngo-rpm
B	2977	akukho	akukho	akukho	80 / 3600	191/2200
I-11B	2977	yebo	akukho	akukho	90 / 3600	206/2200
2B	3168	akukho	akukho	akukho	93 / 3600	215/2200
3B	3431	akukho	akukho	akukho	90 / 3500	217/2000
I-13B	3431	yebo	akukho	akukho	98 / 3500	235/2200
13B-T	3431	yebo	yebo	akukho	120/3400	217/2200
4B	3661	akukho	akukho	akukho	n / a	n / a
I-14B	3661	yebo	akukho	akukho	98/3400	240/1800
14B-T	3661	yebo	yebo	akukho	n / a	n / a
15B-F	4104	yebo	akukho	akukho	115/3200	290/2000
15B-FTE	4104	yebo	yebo	yebo	153 / 3200	382/1800

Injini 1BZ-FPE

Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukuhlala kule injini yomlilo yangaphakathi. I-1BZ-FPE iyinjini eyi-four-cylinder enamandla angu-4100 cm3 ekhanda lamavalvu angu-16 namakhamera amabili ashayelwa ibhande.

Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi yashintshwa ukuze isebenze kugesi eliwuketshezi - propane. Amandla aphezulu - 116 hp ngo-3600 rpm. I-torque ingu-306 Nm ku-2000 rpm. Eqinisweni, lezi izici zikadizili, ezinokudonsa okuphezulu ngesivinini esiphansi. Ngakho-ke, injini ibisetshenziswa ezimotweni zentengiso ezifana neToyota Dyna neToyoace. Uhlelo lwamandla luyi-carburetor. Izimoto zenza imisebenzi yazo njalo, kodwa zinendawo encane yokugcina amandla kugesi.

Ukuthembeka nokuqina kwama-motor we-B-series

Ukungabhubhi kwalezi zinjini kuyinganekwane. Umklamo olula, umkhawulo omkhulu wokuphepha, ikhono lokulungisa "edolweni" lenze lawa mayunithi abaluleke kakhulu ezimweni ezingekho emgwaqeni.

Izinjini ze-Turbocharged azihlukani nokuthembeka okunjalo. Ubuchwepheshe bezinjini ezishaja kakhulu abuzange bufinyelele izinga lokuphelela ngaleso sikhathi okuyilo namuhla. Amabhorethi asekela i-turbine ngokuvamile ayeshisa kakhulu futhi ehluleka. Lokhu kungagwenywa uma injini ivunyelwe ukuba ingenzi lutho imizuzu embalwa ngaphambi kokuvala, okwakungabonwa ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi hhayi wonke umuntu.

Amathuba okuthenga injini yenkontileka

Akukho ukuntuleka kokuhlinzekwa, ikakhulukazi emakethe yaseMpumalanga Ekude. I-Motor 1B ne-2B kunzima kakhulu ukuyithola isesimweni esihle, ngoba ama-motor anjalo awazange akhiqizwe isikhathi eside. Amanani abo aqala kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-50. Motors 13B, 14B 15B ahlinzekwa ngobuningi. Inkontileka engu-15B-FTE enensiza enkulu esele engazange isetshenziswe emazweni e-CIS ingatholakala ngentengo yama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-260.