Izinjini ze-Subaru Impreza
Okuqukethwe
Imodeli abalandeli abaningi abayihlanganisa kakhulu nemidlalo yezimoto iSubaru Impreza. Abanye bakubheka njengemodeli yokunambitheka okubi okushibhile, abanye - iphupho lokugcina. Kodwa-ke, ukubili kwamaphuzu okubuka akuphikisani nesiphetho esiyinhloko sokuthi i-sedan edumile inomlingisi okhethekile.
Ukuqala kwesizukulwane sokuqala Impreza (inqola kanye sedan) kwenzeka ngo-1992. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, imodeli ye-coupe yethulwa enkantolo yabashayeli, nakuba iwuhlelo olulinganiselwe. Ohlelweni lweSubaru, i-Impreza yasheshe yathatha indawo engenalutho eyakhiwe phakathi kwezinguqulo zeJusty neLegacy.
Umklamo wawususelwe endaweni efushanisiwe yalowo owandulelayo - "Ifa" okukhulunywe ngalo ngaphambili. Ekuqaleni, inhloso eyinhloko yale phrojekthi kwakuwukwakha imoto yokukhiqiza - "isisekelo" somhlanganyeli, futhi, mhlawumbe, iqhawe le-WRC World rally. Ngenxa yalokho, kwavela imoto ekhanyayo futhi engajwayelekile, ubuntu obuvezwe ngokucacile obumnikeze ukuqashelwa okubanzi kwabathengi.
Izinjini ze-Subaru Impreza
Izimoto zifakwe izinjini ze-boxer ezine-cylinder zokuguqulwa kwe-EJ ezinguqulweni ezihlukahlukene. Izinguqulo ezilula ze-"Impreza" zithole i-1,6-litre "EJ16" ne-1,5-litre "EJ15". Izinhlobonhlobo eziphezulu kakhulu, ezibhalwe ukuthi "Impreza WRX" kanye "ne-Impreza WRX STI", zifakwe i-turbocharged "EJ20" kanye ne-"EJ25", ngokulandelanayo. Kumamodeli abuthakathaka esizukulwane sesithathu, iyunithi yamandla yelitha elilodwa nengxenye ye-EL15 noma injini ye-diesel ye-boxer engamalitha amabili yafakwa.
Inguqulo yesine ye-Subaru Impreza "yayihlomile" nge-2-litre "FB20" ne-1,6-litre "FB16", kanye nokuguqulwa kwezemidlalo kwemoto - "FA20" (ye "WRX") kanye ne "EL25" / "EJ20" ("WRX STI") ngokulandelana. Ngokucace kakhudlwana lolu lwazi lwethulwa kumathebula 1-5.
Ithebula 1.
| Isizukulwane | Iminyaka yokukhululwa | Uphawu lwebhayisikili | Ivolumu namandla injini | Uhlobo lokuhambisa | Uhlobo lwamafutha asetshenzisiwe |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | 1992 - 2002 | I-EJ15 I-EJ15 | I-1.5 (102,0 HP) | 5 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-A-92 (USA) |
| I-EJ15 | I-1.5 (97,0 HP) | 5 MT, 4 AT | I-A-92 (USA) | ||
| I-EJ16 | I-1.6 (100,0 HP) | 5 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-A-92 (USA) | ||
| I-EJ18 | I-1.8 (115,0 HP) | 5 MT, 4 AT | I-A-92 (USA) | ||
| I-EJ18 | I-1.8 (120,0 HP) | 5 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-A-92 (USA) | ||
| I-EJ22 | I-2,2 (137,0 HP) | 5 MT, 4 AT | I-A-92 (USA) | ||
| EJ20E | I-2,0 (125,0 HP) | 5 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-AI-95, I-AI-98 | ||
| I | 1992 - 2002 | EJ20E | I-2,0 (135,0 HP) | 5 MT, 4 AT | I-AI-95, I-AI-98 |
| I-EJ20 | I-2,0 (155,0 HP) | 5 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-AI-95, I-AI-98 | ||
| I-EJ25 | I-2,5 (167,0 HP) | 5 MT, 5 AT | I-AI-95, I-AI-98 | ||
| EJ20G | I-2,0 (220,0 HP) | 5 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-A-92 (USA) | ||
| EJ20G | I-2,0 (240,0 HP) | 5 MT | I-AI-95, I-AI-98 | ||
| EJ20G | I-2,0 (250,0 HP) | 5 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-AI-95, I-AI-98 | ||
| EJ20G | I-2,0 (260,0 HP) | 5 MT, 4 AT | I-AI-95, I-AI-98 | ||
| EJ20G | I-2,0 (275,0 HP) | 5 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-AI-95, I-AI-98 | ||
| EJ20G | I-2,0 (280,0 HP) | 5 MT, 4 AT | I-A-92 (USA) |
Ithebula 2.
| II | 2000 - 2007 | EL15 | I-1.5 (100,0 HP) | 5 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-AI-92, I-AI-95 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EL15 | I-1.5 (110,0 HP) | 5 MT, 4 AT | I-A-92 (USA) | ||
| I-EJ16 | I-1.6 (95,0 HP) | 5 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-AI-95 | ||
| I-EJ201 | I-2,0 (125,0 HP) | 4 AT | I-AI-95, I-AI-98 | ||
| I-EJ204 | I-2,0 (160,0 HP) | Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-AI-95, I-AI-98 | ||
| EJ253, I-EJ251 | I-2,5 (175,0 HP) | 5 MT | I-AI-95, I-AI-98 | ||
| I-EJ205 | I-2,0 (230,0 HP) | 5 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-AI-95 | ||
| I-EJ205 | I-2,0 (250,0 HP) | 5 MT, 4 AT | I-AI-95 | ||
| I-EJ255 | I-2,5 (230,0 HP) | 5 MKPP | I-AI-95 | ||
| I-EJ207 | I-2,0 (265,0 HP) | 5 MT | I-AI-95 | ||
| I-EJ207 | I-2,0 (280,0 HP) | 5 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-A-92 (USA) | ||
| I-EJ257 | I-2,5 (280,0 HP) | 6 MT | I-AI-95 | ||
| I-EJ257 | I-2,5 (300,0 HP) | 6 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-5 | I-AI-95 |
Ithebula 3.
| III | 2007 - 2014 | I-EJ15 | I-1.5 (110,0 HP) | 5 MT, 4 AT | I-A-92 (USA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EJ20E | I-2,0 (140,0 HP) | Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | I-A-92 (USA) | ||
| I-EJ25 | I-2,5 (170,0 HP) | 5 MT, 4 AT | I-A-92 (USA) | ||
| I-EJ205 | 2,0 TD (250,0 HP) | 5 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-4 | udizili | ||
| I-EJ255 inguqulo 1 | I-2,5 (230,0 HP) | 5 MT, 4 AT | I-A-92 (USA) | ||
| I-EJ255 inguqulo 2 | I-2,5 (265,0 HP) | 5 MKPP | I-A-92 (USA) | ||
| I-EJ207 | I-2,0 (308,0 HP) | 5 MKPP | I-AI-95 | ||
| I-EJ207 | I-2,0 (320,0 HP) | 5 MT | I-AI-95 | ||
| I-EJ257 | I-2,5 (300,0 HP) | 6 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-5 | I-AI-95 |
Ithebula 4.
| IV | 2011 - 2016 | FB16 | 1,6i (115,0 hp) | 5MT, I-CVT | I-AI-95 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FB20 | I-2,0 (150,0 HP) | 6 MKPP | udizili | ||
| I-FA20 | I-2,0 (268,0 HP) | 6 MT | I-AI-95 | ||
| I-FA20 | 2,0 (.300,0 HP) | 6 ukudlulisa ngesandla, Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okungu-5 | I-AI-95 | ||
| I-EJ207 | I-2,0 (308,0 HP) | 6 MT | I-AI-95 | ||
| I-EJ207 | I-2,0 (328,0 HP) | 6 MKPP | I-AI-98 | ||
| I-EJ257 | I-2,5 (305,0 HP) | 6 MT | I-A-92 (USA) |
Ithebula 5.
| V | 2016 - okwamanje | FB16 | 1,6i (115,0 hp) | 5 MKPP, I-CVT | I-AI-95 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FB20 | I-2,0 (150,0 HP) | I-CVT | I-AI-95 |
Технические характеристики
Njengoba kungabonwa kuThebula 1, ukukhethwa kwama-powertrains e-Impreza kucebile ngendlela emangalisayo futhi kuhlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, phakathi kochwepheshe beqiniso balo modeli, ama-motor afakwe ezinguqulweni eziphezulu ze-WRX ne-WRX STI akhethwa ngokukhethekile. Kunqunywa izinga eliphezulu lokusebenza kuhlanganiswe nezici zabo ezikhethekile zobuchwepheshe nokusebenza. Ukuze uqonde ijubane lokuvela kwe-Impreza powertrains, cabangela amamodeli ambalwa: i-EJ20E (135,0 hp) engamalitha amabili yesizukulwane sokuqala, i-2,5-litre EJ25 (170,0) yesizukulwane sesithathu kanye ne-2,0-litre EJ207 (308,0 XNUMX hp ) isizukulwane sesine. Idatha yethulwa kuthebula.
Ithebula 6.
| Igama lepharamitha | I-unit of measurement | EJ20E | I-EJ25 | I-EJ207 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ukusebenza kwevolumu | cm 3 | 1994 | 2457 | 1994 |
| Inani le-torque | Nm/rpm | 181 / 4 000 | 230 / 6 000 | 422 / 4 400 |
| Amandla (ubukhulu) | kW/hp | 99,0/135,0 | 125,0/170,0 | 227,0/308,0 |
| Ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela (ngamakhilomitha angu-1) | л | ukuze 1,0 | ukuze 1,0 | ukuze 1,0 |
| Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye | izingcezu | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Ububanzi besilinda | мм | 92 | 99.5 | 92 |
| Isifo sohlangothi | мм | 75 | 79 | 75 |
| Ivolumu yesistimu yokugcoba | л | 4,0 (kuze kube ngu-2007), 4,2 (ngemuva) | 4,0 (kuze kube ngu-2007), 4,5 (ngemuva) | 4,0 (kuze kube ngu-2007), 4,2 (ngemuva) |
| Izinhlobo zamafutha asetshenzisiwe | - | 0W30, 5W30, 5W40,10W30, 10W40 | 0W30, 5W30, 5W40,10W30, 10W40 | 0W30, 5W30, 5W40,10W30, 10W40 |
| Isisetshenziswa senjini | inkulungwane, km | 250 + | 250 + | 250 + |
| Isisindo Own | kg | 147 | ~ 120,0 | 147 |
Izici zedizayini nezinkinga ezijwayelekile
Amayunithi wamandla afakwe ezimotweni ze-Impreza, njenganoma iyiphi indlela eyinkimbinkimbi, anobuthakathaka obukhethekile bawo:
- Cishe kuzo zonke izinguquko ze-EJ20, ngokushesha noma kamuva kuvela ukungqongqoza kusilinda sesine. Isizathu sokuvela kwayo ukungapheleli komklamo wesistimu yokupholisa. Okubaluleke kakhulu ubude besikhathi sokungqongqoza. Ukubonakaliswa okufushane kwalolu phawu emizuzwini emi-3 ngemuva kokuqala kuyisimo esijwayelekile, kuyilapho ukuthepha imizuzu eyi-10 kwenjini eshisisa kahle kuyinkomba yokushintsha okuseduze.
- Ukuhlala okujulile kwamasongo e-piston, okuqalisa ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela (ngezinguqulo ezifakwe i-turbocharger).
- Ukuguga nokudlala okwenyuka kwezigxivizo ze-camshaft kanye nesembozo se-valve okubangela ukuvuza kwe-lubricant. Ukuqedwa kungazelelwe kwenkinga enjalo kuzoholela ekwehleni komfutho kawoyela ohlelweni futhi, ngenxa yalokho, indlala kawoyela yenjini.
- Amayunithi wamandla we-EJ25 anezindonga ezincanyana zesilinda uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amamodeli enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, okwandisa ingozi yokushisa ngokweqile, ukuwohloka kwekhanda le-cylinder kanye nokuvuza kwe-gasket.
- Ukuguqulwa kwe-EJ257 ne-EJ255 kuvame "ukuhlupheka" ekuphenduleni amalayini.
- Ama-FB20 aphawuleka ngokuba sengozini kwe-catalytic ngenxa yokuzwela okuphezulu ezingeni likawoyela kanye nekhwalithi kaphethiloli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinjini ezakhiwe ngaphambi kuka-2013 zivame ukuba namaphutha amakhulu ku-cylinder block.
Insiza nokuthembeka
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zezitshalo zamandla ze-Subaru Impreza ziyibhalansi enhle kakhulu, amandla aphezulu, ukudlidliza okuncane okuhambisana nenqubo yomsebenzi, kanye nensiza ende. Ukuzijwayeza kubonisa ukuthi iningi lezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezifakwe ku-Impreza azikho ukuguqulwa okukhulu kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-250 - 300.
Nokho, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi sitatimende asisebenzi turbocharged ezemidlalo izinjini. Zonke izinguquko zalezi zinyunithi ziqhutshwa ngemodi yomthwalo omkhulu, ngokuvamile okuholela ku-bulkhead ngemva kwe-mileage eyi-120 - 150 ayizinkulungwane. Kukhona futhi namacala anzima kakhulu lapho ukubuyiselwa kwemoto kungenakwenzeka ngokobuchwepheshe.
Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokuthembeka liphethwe yizitshalo zamandla, umthamo wokusebenza ongafinyeleli amalitha amabili: EJ18, EJ16 kanye ne-EJ15. Nokho, izinjini ezimbili-litre zithandwa kakhulu ngoba zinamandla kakhulu.
Ngokusho konjiniyela - abathuthukisi bokukhathazeka kwe-Subaru, amamodeli ochungechunge lwe-FB anikezwe insiza ekhuphuke ngesithathu.
Ekuphetheni - umphumela wolunye ucwaningo lochwepheshe kanye nabalandeli bezimoto ze-Subaru Impreza, eziklanyelwe ukucacisa izinjini ezihamba phambili. Iphesenti elikhulu lezilinganiso eziphakeme kakhulu litholwe izinjini ze-SOHS zamalitha amabili: EJ20E, EJ201, EJ202.
