Izinjini ze-Mitsubishi Carisma

Le moto yethulwa okokuqala emphakathini ngo-1995. Bekuyisixhumanisi esimaphakathi phakathi kwamamodeli we-Lancer ne-Galant. Isitshalo samaDashi i-NedCar, esisedolobheni lase-Born, sikhiqize lo modeli. Ukuphela kokukhiqizwa kwezimoto kwafika ngo-2003.

Kwanikezwa izinhlobo ezimbili zomzimba: i-sedan ne-hatchback. Zombili lezi zidumbu bezifakwe izicabha ezinhlanu. Naphezu kokuthi izinto zokuqeda zazingabizi, ikhwalithi yokwakha yayisezingeni eliphezulu.

Ngenxa yokuhlelwa okunengqondo kwazo zonke izilawuli, umshayeli uzizwe ekhululeke kakhulu lapho eshayela ngaphakathi kwemingcele yedolobha namabanga amade. Abagibeli abasesihlalweni sangaphambili somgibeli, kanye nakusofa ongemuva, nabo bazizwa bekhululekile, njengoba imoto inesikhala esikhulu sangaphakathi.

Injini ye-4G92

Injini yokuqala efakwe kulo modeli kwakuyiyunithi yamandla enenkomba ye-4G92, eyakhiqizwa yi-Mitsubishi iminyaka engu-20. Kwaba yisisekelo sokwakhiwa kwenombolo enkulu yamamotho anamuhla avela kulayini we-4G. I-4G92 Power Unit yayisetshenziswa kabanzi hhayi kumodeli we-Carisma kuphela, kodwa nakwezinye izinguqulo ze-Mitsubishi.

Izinguqulo zokuqala zeyunithi yamandla zine-carburetor, futhi ikhanda le-cylinder lifakwe i-camshaft eyodwa. Amandla enjini yesitoko ayengama-94 hp. Uphethiloli osetshenziswa kumjikelezo ohlangene ungamalitha angu-7,4 ngebanga lika-100 km.

Ngokulandelayo, baqala ukufaka uhlelo lwe-DOHC, olwalufakwe ama-camshaft amabili kanye nesistimu ye-valve eguquguqukayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-MIVEC. Le njini ikwazi ukukhiqiza i-175 hp.

Izici zesevisi ye-4G92

Injini yayo ingu-1.6 litres. Ngokusebenza kahle kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezithako eziphezulu kanye noketshezi lwamafutha, impilo yesevisi yemoto ingadlula izinkulungwane ezingama-250 km. Njengazo zonke izinjini ezivela kulayini we-4G, uwoyela kufanele ushintshwe njalo ngezinkulungwane eziyi-10 km. Lesi sikhawu silawulwa umenzi, kodwa abaningi bayeluleka ukushintsha uketshezi lwamafutha kanye nezakhi zokuhlunga njalo nge-8 km. ukwandisa impilo yenjini.

Inguqulo yokuqala yenjini ayizange ifakwe compensators hydraulic. Uhlelo lwe-valve kufanele lulungiswe njalo nge-50 thousand km. Ibhande lokushayela kufanele lishintshwe ngemva kwebanga elingamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-90. Ukushintsha lesi sici kufanele kusondelwe ngokuzibophezela, ngoba ibhande lesikhathi eliphukile lingaholela ekugobeni kwama-valve.

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinjini ze-4G92:

• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwevalvu yokulawula umoya engenzi lutho kungabangela ukuthi imoto ime uma kushisa. Isixazululo ukufaka lesi silawuli esikhundleni; asikwazi ukukhandwa.
• Ukwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela kwenzeka ngenxa ye-carbon deposits. Ukuze kuqedwe le nkinga, kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenzise inqubo ye-injini ye-decarbonization.
• Ukungqongqoza lapho kubanda kwenzeka lapho izinxephezelo ze-hydraulic zehluleka. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukufaka esikhundleni sezingxenye ezihlulekile.
• Futhi, ngenxa yokufakwa kwekhabhoni ezindongeni zobuningi bokudla, ama-spark plugs angakhukhula. Ukuxazulula inkinga, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza izindawo ezingcolile.

Injini ye-4G93 yakhiwe ngesisekelo sale yunithi yamandla. Ihluka kuphela ekukhuphukeni kwe-piston stroke. Esikhundleni se-77.5 mm yangaphambilini, lesi sibalo manje sesi-89 mm. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuphakama kwe-cylinder block kukhuphuke kusuka ku-243,5 mm kuya ku-263,5 mm. Ivolumu yale njini ibingu-1.8 amalitha.

Ngo-1997, ezimotweni Carisma kwaqala ukufakwa modified 1.8-litre izinjini. Ayehlukaniswa ngokukhishwa okuphansi kakhulu kwamagesi ayingozi endaweni ezungezile.

Injini ye-4G13

Le moto nayo yafakwa ezinguqulweni zokuqala zeCarisma. Umthamo injini kwaba 1.3 amalitha kuphela, futhi amandla ayo akazange adlule 73 hp. Kungakho izimfanelo ashukumisayo zemoto zashiya okuningi okufanele zifiswe. Ukuthengisa ikhophi nale injini ngaphansi hood kwakunzima kakhulu, ngakho inani kukhiqizwa amayunithi 4G13 lingaphansi kakhulu kuka 4G92. Yinjini enamasilinda amane ane-piston stroke engu-82 mm. I-torque inkomba ingu-108 Nm ku-3000 rpm.

Uphethiloli osetshenziswa emjikelezweni wasemadolobheni ngu-8.4 l/100 km, emjikelezweni ongaphansi kwedolobha 5.2 l/100 km, kanti okuxutshwe cishe amalitha ayi-6.4 ngebanga elingu-100 km. Umthamo kawoyela owuketshezi odingekayo ekugcotshiseni okujwayelekile kwazo zonke izakhi zenjini ungama-3.3 amalitha.

Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, imoto ingahamba cishe ayizinkulungwane ezingu-250 km ngaphandle kokulungiswa okukhulu.

Izici zokusevisa injini ye-4G13

Ukwakhiwa kwale njini kulula kakhulu. Izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza i-cylinder block iyinsimbi ekhonjiwe. Ikhanda lesilinda liqukethe ama-valve angu-12 noma angu-16 afakwe ku-camshaft eyodwa. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezinxephezelo ze-hydraulic, isistimu ye-valve ye-SOHC kufanele ilungiswe kanye njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-90. imayela Indlela yokusabalalisa igesi iqhutshwa isici sebhande.

Kumele futhi kushintshwe, kanye nokulungiswa kwe-valve, njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-90. Njengasezinjinini ezinamandla kakhulu, ibhande lokushayela eliphukile livame ukuholela kuma-valve agobile. Isizukulwane sokuqala ukuthungela uhlelo ifakwe carburetor, kodwa kamuva lezi izinjini waqala ukusebenzisa uhlelo umjovo. Ngenxa yokuthi le njini ivikelekile ekulayisheni okwenyuka, futhi ngenxa yomthamo wayo omncane, le njini ayizange icushwe.

Le njini ibingavamisile ukuhluleka, kodwa ibuye ibe nobuthakathaka bayo. Ngokuvamile isivinini sokungenzi lutho sasikhuphuka. Zonke izinjini zochungechunge lwe-4G1 zinale nkinga. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, kuyadingeka ukufaka esikhundleni se-valve ye-throttle. Ukuvimbela le nkinga ukuthi ingaphinde ivele esikhathini esizayo, abanikazi bezimoto bafake imikhiqizo yezinkampani zangaphandle exazulule inkinga yokugqokwa kwefekthri.

Futhi, abaningi baye bahlangabezana nokundindizela kwenjini okwandisiwe. Inkinga ayizange ixazululwe ngokucacile. Ukudlidliza kungase kuvele endaweni yokukhweza injini enephutha noma izilungiselelo zesivinini sokungenzi lutho senjini. Ungathola imbangela usebenzisa i-computer diagnostics. Iphampu yamafutha kulezi zinjini nayo iyiphuzu elibuthakathaka. Kungenxa yokwehluleka kwayo ukuthi imoto imise ukuhamba.

Lapho mileage imoto ingaphezu 200 ayizinkulungwane km. izinkinga ziphakama ngokwanda kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela. Ukuze kuqedwe lesi sici, kuyadingeka ukushintsha izindandatho ze-piston noma wenze ukulungiswa okukhulu kwenjini.

Injini 4G93 1.8 GDI

Le njini yavela ngo-1999. Inamavalvu amane. Inesistimu yomjovo oqondile we-DOHC. Izici zobuchwepheshe zenjini: amandla angama-125 hp. ku-5500 rpm, i-torque ingu-174 Nm ku-3750 rpm. Ijubane elikhulu elingafinyelelwa yiMitsubishi Karisma ngalesi sizinda sikagesi ngu-200 km/h. Ibanga lika-6.7 km likaphethiloli lidla amalitha angu-100.

Bonke abanikazi bezimoto ezinale njini bayazi ukuthi la mayunithi adinga uphethiloli osezingeni eliphezulu. Futhi, izithasiselo nezihlanzi, kanye neziphuzo ezikhulisa inombolo ye-octane, azikwazi ukuthululwa kuzo. Ukusebenza okungalungile kungaholela ekuhlulekeni ngokushesha kwepompo ye-fuel pressure. Lezi zinjini zisebenzisa ama-valve ohlobo lwe-diaphragm, kanye nama-plunger, enziwa kusetshenziswa imishini enembayo ephezulu. Abaqambi bahlinzekele ukungasebenzi kahle okungenzeka kwesistimu kaphethiloli futhi bafaka uhlelo lokuhlanza uphethiloli olunezigaba eziningi.

Injini kadizili

Le njini engu-1.9 litre yangaphakathi inamandla e-in-line cylinder kanye ne-cast-iron cylinder block. Le nombolo yenjini yi-F8QT. Ikhanda lesilinda linama-valve angu-8 kanye ne-camshaft eyodwa. Ibhande lishayela indlela yokusabalalisa igesi. Futhi, injini ayinazo izinxephezelo ze-hydraulic. Izibuyekezo ngale injini akuzona engcono, njengoba cishe wonke umnikazi wabhekana eqolo ukulungiswa injini diesel.