BMW 7 series izinjini
Okuqukethwe
I-BMW 7-Series iyimoto entofontofo, ukukhiqizwa kwayo kwaqala ngo-1979 futhi kuqhubeka kuze kube nguJanuwari 2019. Izinjini ze-7 Series ziye zabhekana nezinguquko eziningi esikhathini eside sokusebenza, kodwa zizenzele njengamayunithi athembekile, aqinisekisa umbono wekhwalithi ephakeme yaseJalimane nokuthembeka.
Ukubuka kafushane kwamayunithi azo zonke izizukulwane ze-BMW 7-Series
Isici esihlukile sezinjini ze-BMW 7-Series umthamo wazo omkhulu, okungenani amalitha amabili. Okwathi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwafinyelela izinga lerekhodi elingu-6,6 litres, ngokwesibonelo, ekulungisweni kwe-M760Li AT xDrive, ukwenziwa kabusha kwesitayela sesizukulwane sesi-6 sika-2019. Kodwa ake siqale ngenjini yokuqala efakwe esizukulwaneni sokuqala sale nguqulo yemoto, okungukuthi i-M30B28.
I-M30V28 iyiyunithi kaphethiloli enevolumu engu-2788 cm3, enamandla amakhulu angu-238 kanye nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kufika ku-16,5 amalitha nge-100 km ngayinye. Amasilinda angu-6 anikeze itorque engu-238 N*m ku-4000 rpm. Kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi injini ye-M30B28 nayo yafakwa esizukulwaneni sokuqala se-BMW 5 Series izimoto, futhi yaziwa ngokuthi "usozigidi" othembekile, kodwa ngokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphezulu kakhulu. Singathini uma izimoto ezinenjini ye-M30B28 zisahamba emigwaqweni yethu?
Imodeli kamuva injini M80B30 wathola ukwanda 200 cm3 futhi 2 amasilinda. Amandla asala ngaphakathi kwamandla amahhashi angu-238 futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamalitha angu-15,1 kaphethiloli we-AI-95 noma we-AI-98 kwehliswa kancane. Njengeyunithi ye-M30B28, le njini yafakwa kuchungechunge lwesihlanu lwe-BMW futhi yaqashelwa njengenye yezinjini ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu emhlabeni wezimoto.
Kodwa i-BMW 7-Series restyling yesizukulwane sesi-6 sikaJanuwari 2019 ifakwe izinjini ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ne-diesel B57B30TOP ene-twin turbocharging kanye nerekhodi lokusebenzisa amafutha angu-6,4 amalitha. Imoto ikhiqiza amandla angu-400 kanye ne-torque engu-700 Nm ku-3000 rpm. Futhi lokhu iyunithi eyodwa kuphela efakwe restyling isizukulwane sesi-6, ngaphezu uphethiloli B48B20, udizili N57D30 nezinye izinjini.
Izici zobuchwepheshe ezimfushane ze-BMW 7-Series izinjini
Izinjini ze-BMW 7-Series, isizukulwane sokuqala, ezikhiqizwa kusukela ngo-1 kuya ku-1977, kanye nokuhlelwa kabusha kwesizukulwane sokuqala (M1983B1MAE nge-turbocharging):
| Imodeli yenjini | I-M30V28 | I-M30B28LE | I-M30V30 | I-M30B33LE |
| Ivolumu Ukusebenza | I-2788 cm3 | I-2788 cm3 | I-2986 cm3 | I-3210 cm3 |
| Amandla | I-165-170 HP | I-177-185 HP | I-184-198 HP | I-197-200 HP |
| I-Torque | 238 N*m ku-4000 rpm. | 240 N*m ku-4200 rpm. | 275 N*m ku-4000 rpm. | 285 N*m ku-4300 rpm. |
| Uhlobo lukaphethiloli | I-petroli | I-petroli | I-petroli | I-petroli |
| Ukusetshenziswa komoya | 14-16,5 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 9,9-12,1 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 10,8-16,9 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 10,3-14,6 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km |
| Inombolo yamasilinda (ububanzi besilinda) | 6 (86 mm) | 6 (86 mm) | 6 (89 mm) | 6 (89 mm) |
| Inani lama-valve | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
Ingxenye yesibili yethebula:
| Imodeli yenjini | I-M30V33 | I-M30B32LAE turbocharged | М30В35М | I-M30V35MAE ine-turbocharged |
| Ivolumu Ukusebenza | I-3210 cm3 | I-3210 cm3 | I-3430 cm3 | I-3430 cm3 |
| Amandla | 197 h.p. | 252 h.p. | I-185-218 HP | 252 h.p. |
| I-Torque | 285 N*m ku-4350 rpm. | 380 N*m ku-4000 rpm. | 310 N*m ku-4000 rpm. | 380 N*m ku-2200 rpm. |
| Uhlobo lukaphethiloli | I-petroli | I-petroli | I-petroli | I-petroli |
| Ukusetshenziswa komoya | 11,5-12,7 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 13,7-15,6 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 8,8-14,8 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 11,8-13,7 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km |
| Inombolo yamasilinda (ububanzi besilinda) | 6 (89 mm) | 6 (89 mm) | 6 (92 mm) | 6 (92 mm) |
| Inani lama-valve | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
I-BMW 7-Series izinjini, isizukulwane sesibili, ekhiqizwa kusukela ngo-2 kuya ku-1986:
| Imodeli yenjini | I-M60V30 | I-M30B35LE | I-M60V40 | I-M70V50 |
| Ivolumu Ukusebenza | I-2997 cm3 | I-3430 cm3 | I-3982 cm3 | I-4988 cm3 |
| Amandla | I-218-238 HP | I-211-220 HP | 286 h.p. | I-299-300 HP |
| I-Torque | 290 N*m ku-4500 rpm. | 375 N*m ku-4000 rpm. | 400 N*m ku-4500 rpm. | 450 N*m ku-4100 rpm. |
| Uhlobo lukaphethiloli | I-petroli | I-petroli | I-petroli | I-petroli |
| Ukusetshenziswa komoya | 8,9-15,1 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 11,4-12,1 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 9,9-17,1 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 12,9-13,6 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km |
| Inombolo yamasilinda (ububanzi besilinda) | 8 (84 mm) | 6 (92 mm) | 8 (89 mm) | 12 (84 mm) |
| Inani lama-valve | 32 | 12 | 32 | 24 |
I-BMW 7-Series izinjini, isizukulwane sesibili, ekhiqizwa kusukela ngo-3 kuya ku-1994:
| Imodeli yenjini | I-M73V54 |
| Ivolumu Ukusebenza | I-5379 cm3 |
| Amandla | 326 h.p. |
| I-Torque | 490 N*m ku-3900 rpm. |
| Uhlobo lukaphethiloli | I-petroli |
| Ukusetshenziswa komoya | 10,3-16,8 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km |
| Inombolo yamasilinda (ububanzi besilinda) | 12 (85 mm) |
| Inani lama-valve | 24 |
BMW 7-Series izinjini, isizukulwane 4 (restyling), ekhiqizwa kusukela 2005 kuya 2008:
| Imodeli yenjini | I-M57D30TU2 | I-N52B30 | I-N62B40 | i-M67D44 amawele ane-turbocharged | I-M62V48 | I-N73B60 |
| Ivolumu Ukusebenza | I-2993 cm3 | I-2996 cm3 | I-4000 cm3 | I-4423 cm3 | I-4799 cm3 | I-5972 cm3 |
| Amandla | I-197-355 HP | I-218-272 HP | 306 h.p. | 329 h.p. | I-355-367 HP | 445 h.p. |
| I-Torque | 580 N*m ku-2250 rpm. | 315 N*m ku-2750 rpm. | 390 N*m ku-3500 rpm. | 7,500 N*m ku-2500 rpm. | 500 N*m ku-3500 rpm. | 600 N*m ku-3950 rpm. |
| Uhlobo lukaphethiloli | Uphethiloli kadizili | I-petroli | I-petroli | Uphethiloli kadizili | I-petroli | I-petroli |
| Ukusetshenziswa komoya | 6,9-9,0 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 7,9-11,7 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 11,2 amalitha ngamakhilomitha ayi-100 | 9 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 10,7-13,5 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 13,6 amalitha ngamakhilomitha ayi-100 |
| Inombolo yamasilinda (ububanzi besilinda) | 6 (84 mm) | 6 (85 mm) | 8 (87 mm) | 8 (87 mm) | 8 (93 mm) | 12 (89 mm) |
| Inani lama-valve | 24 | 24 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 48 |
I-BMW 7-Series izinjini, isizukulwane sesibili, ekhiqizwa kusukela ngo-5 kuya ku-2008:
| Imodeli yenjini | I-N54B30 amawele ane-turbocharged | I-N57D30OL turbocharged | I-N57D30TOP amawele ane-turbocharged | I-N63B44 amawele ane-turbocharged | I-N74B60 amawele ane-turbocharged |
| Ivolumu Ukusebenza | I-2979 cm3 | I-2993 cm3 | I-2993 cm3 | I-4395 cm3 | I-5972 cm3 |
| Amandla | I-306-340 HP | I-245-258 HP | I-306-381 HP | I-400-462 HP | I-535-544 HP |
| I-Torque | 450 N*m ku-4500 rpm. | 560 N*m ku-3000 rpm. | 740 N*m ku-2000 rpm. | 700 N*m ku-4500 rpm. | 750 N*m ku-1750 rpm. |
| Uhlobo lukaphethiloli | I-petroli | Uphethiloli kadizili | Uphethiloli kadizili | I-petroli | I-petroli |
| Ukusetshenziswa komoya | 9,9-10,4 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 5,6-7,4 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 5,9-7,5 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 8,9-13,8 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 12,9-13,0 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km |
| Inombolo yamasilinda (ububanzi besilinda) | 6 (84 mm) | 6 (84 mm) | 6 (84 mm) | 8 (89 mm) | 12 (89 mm) |
| Inani lama-valve | 24 | 24 | 24 | 32 | 48 |
BMW 7-Series izinjini, isizukulwane 5 (restyling), ekhiqizwa kusukela 2012 kuya 2015:
| Imodeli yenjini | I-N55B30 amawele ane-turbocharged | N57S turbocharged |
| Ivolumu Ukusebenza | I-2979 cm3 | I-2933 cm3 |
| Amandla | I-300-360 HP | 381 h.p. |
| I-Torque | 465 N*m ku-5250 rpm. | 740 N*m ku-3000 rpm. |
| Uhlobo lukaphethiloli | I-petroli | Uphethiloli kadizili |
| Ukusetshenziswa komoya | 6,8-12,1 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 6,4-7,7 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km |
| Inombolo yamasilinda (ububanzi besilinda) | 4 (84 mm) | 6 (84 mm) |
| Inani lama-valve | 16 | 24 |
I-BMW 7-Series izinjini, isizukulwane sesibili, ekhiqizwa kusukela ngo-6 kuya ku-2015:
| Imodeli yenjini | B48B20 turbocharged | I-N57D30 | I-B57D30 | I-B57B30TOP amawele ane-turbocharged | I-B58B30MO | I-N63B44TU |
| Ivolumu Ukusebenza | I-1998 cm3 | I-2993 cm3 | I-2993 cm3 | I-2993 cm3 | I-2998 cm3 | I-4395 cm3 |
| Amandla | I-184-258 HP | I-204-313 HP | I-249-400 HP | 400 h.p. | I-286-340 HP | I-449-530 HP |
| I-Torque | 400 N*m ku-4500 rpm. | 560 N*m ku-3000 rpm. | 760 N*m ku-3000 rpm. | 760 N*m ku-3000 rpm. | 450 N*m ku-5200 rpm. | 750 N*m ku-4600 rpm. |
| Uhlobo lukaphethiloli | I-petroli | Uphethiloli kadizili | Uphethiloli kadizili | Uphethiloli kadizili | I-petroli | I-petroli |
| Ukusetshenziswa komoya | 2,5-7,8 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 5,6-7,4 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 5,7-7,3 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 5,9-6,4 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 2,8-9,5 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km | 8,6-10,2 amalitha ngebanga lika-100 km |
| Inombolo yamasilinda (ububanzi besilinda) | 4 (82 mm) | 6 (84 mm) | 6 (84 mm) | 6 (84 mm) | 6 (82 mm) | 8 (89 mm) |
| Inani lama-valve | 16 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 32 |
Izinkinga ezijwayelekile ngezinjini ze-BMW 7-Series
I-BMW yizimoto ezinezinjini "zezigidi zamadola", kodwa izinkinga ezithile zizohambisana nabanikazi bezimoto ezinjalo phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuba uzilungiselele noma uxwayise kusengaphambili ngokwenza ukugcinwa kwekhwalithi ngesikhathi futhi usebenzise izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezibizayo kuphela.
- Izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezingamasilinda ayisithupha ze-7 Series ezinevolumu "encane" (M30B28, M30B28LE kanye nawo wonke amamodeli asebenza kuze kufike ku-3000 cm3) abhekwa njengamukeleka kakhulu futhi ahambisana nemizimba emikhulu ye-BMW. Inhlanganisela elinganayo yamandla nesivinini isekelwa inani elanele lokunakekela nokulungiswa. Inkinga kuphela: ukulawula izinga lokushisa okuqinile.
Lawa ma-motor awakwazi ukushintshwa kwezinga lokushisa, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukunaka isimo sesistimu yokupholisa. Ukusebenzisa i-antifreeze yekhwalithi ephansi noma i-antifreeze ngeke kuholele ekushiseni ngokweqile, kodwa futhi nokulimala okungenzeka kwepompo noma ikhanda le-cylinder. Ngendlela, amaphampu kumamodeli anevolumu efika ku-3000 cm3 awahlali isikhathi eside.
- Kokubili amayunithi kaphethiloli nodizili we-7 Series avame ukuthuthukisa uwoyela ngemuva kuka-300000 km. Lokhu kusebenza kakhulu ezinjinini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezinomthamo ofika ku-3000 cm3. Izimbangela: isihlungi se-o-ring, i-cylinder head gasket noma izigxivizo ze-crankshaft. Futhi uma inkinga yokuqala ingabizi kakhulu ukuyilungisa, khona-ke ezinye ezimbili zingabiza i-penny enhle.
- Amayunithi M30B33LE, M30B33, M30B32LAE, M30B35M, M30B35MAE kanye ne-M30B35LE ahluke kwezinye izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ngesifiso sawo sokudla samafutha. Uhlelo lukawoyela ludinga ukuxilonga njalo kanye nezinguquko zikawoyela ezivamile. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-lubricant abizayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ukukhanya okungazelelwe kunkomba yengcindezi ephansi ohlelweni lukawoyela kuzokwenza ukuthi kubizwe iloli lokudonsa.
- I-N74B60, N73B60, M70B50 kanye ne-M73B54 izinjini ezinamasilinda asebenzayo angu-12 azoba ikhanda langempela kubanikazi be-BMW 7 Series. Iyunithi ngayinye enjalo inamasistimu amabili kaphethiloli kanye namasistimu okulawula amabili. Amasistimu engeziwe angu-2 - izinkinga eziphindwe ka-2. Singasho ukuthi injini engu-12-cylinder izinjini ezimbili ezingu-6-cylinder, futhi izindleko zokuyilungisa nokulungisa zihambisana.
Kukhona enye inkinga ebalulekile kuwo wonke amamodeli enjini evuthayo ye-BMW 7 Series: ukuntuleka kokushintshwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu nokuqina kwezingxenye zangempela. Izingxenye ezisuka emakethe yaseShayina noma yaseKorea zizobiza uhhafu walokho (okungasho inani elincane njalo) kodwa zingahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela. Kulokhu, ngokuvamile asikho isiqinisekiso; ukuthenga ingxenye yenjini yaseJalimane kushintsha kube umdlalo weroulette.
Izinjini ezihamba phambili nezimbi kakhulu zeBMW 7 Series
Kunoma iyiphi imodeli yemoto, kukhona ukucushwa okuphumelelayo futhi okungaphumeleli ngokuphelele. Lo mqondo awuzange uphunyuke kwi-BMW 7 Series, zonke izizukulwane zazo ezibonise amaphutha abo eminyakeni engu-40 yokusebenza.
I-M60B40 ibhekwa njengeyunithi engcono kakhulu yazo zonke izizukulwane ze-BMW 7 Series; kuwumsebenzi wangempela wobuciko, oklanywe ngezandla zonjiniyela baseJalimane. Injini eyi-3900cylinder ene-displacement engu-3 cm3500, ifakwe i-turbocharging kabili, ibonisa izici zejubane eliphezulu nempilo ende yesevisi. Ngeshwa, ukukhiqizwa kwalezi zinjini kumile ku-XNUMX futhi ukulungiswa kwamayunithi anjalo namuhla kuzobiza isigamu sezindleko zemoto.
I-N57D30OL ne-N57D30TOP izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi zikadizili, ezingabizi kakhulu ukuzinakekela, nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okunokulinganisela. Ihlanganiswe no-gearbox ozishintshayo, le njini ikhombisa ukuqina okumangalisayo. Okuwukuphela kwento engapheli njengenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi yi-turbocharger. Uma i-turbine ihluleka futhi ingakwazi ukuhlale ilungiswa, ukuyishintsha kuzobiza umnikazi isenti elihle.
I-Ksk iboniswe ngenhla, amayunithi angama-cylinder ayishumi nambili abhekwa njengezinkinga kakhulu, ikakhulukazi i-N74B60 ne-N73B60. Izinkinga ezihlala njalo ngezinhlelo zikaphethiloli, ukulungiswa okubizayo, ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela ngokweqile - lokhu kumane nje kuwuhlu olufushane lwezinkinga ezincane ezibuhlungu ezilindele abanikazi beBMW 7 Series enezinjini zomlilo zangaphakathi ezinamasilinda ayishumi nambili. Inkinga ehlukile ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okukhulu, futhi ukufaka imishini yegesi kumuntu waseJalimane kuzokwengeza kuphela ekhanda lakho.
Ukukhetha kuhlala njalo kumsebenzisi, kodwa ungaqonda ngokushesha ukuthi i-BMW 7 Series akuyona eyawo wonke umuntu.
