Izinjini ze-Audi A8
Okuqukethwe
I-Audi A8 iyi-sedan enkulu enezicabha ezine. Imoto iyimodeli ehamba phambili yakwa-Audi. Ngokwezigaba zangaphakathi, imoto ingeyesigaba sikanokusho. Ngaphansi kwe-hood yemoto, ungathola izitshalo zamandla zikadizili, uphethiloli kanye ne-hybrid.
Incazelo emfushane i-Audi A8
Ukukhishwa kwe-executive sedan Audi A8 kwethulwa ngo-1992. Imoto ibisekelwe endaweni ye-D2 kanye ne-Audi Space Frame aluminium monocoque. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwakungenzeka ukunciphisa isisindo semoto, okwanikeza ukunqoba kumamodeli okuncintisana. Imoto itholakala ne-front-wheel drive kanye namasondo onke.
NgoNovemba 2002, isizukulwane sesibili se-Audi A8 yethulwa. Abathuthukisi bagxile ekuthuthukiseni ukunethezeka kwe-sedan. Imoto iyazishaya i-adaptive cruise control. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha, isistimu yokukhanyisa amakhona eguquguqukayo ifakwe emotweni.
Ukwethulwa kwesizukulwane sesithathu i-Audi A8 kwenzeka ngoDisemba 1, 2009 eMiami. Ezinyangeni ezintathu kamuva, imoto yavela emakethe yasekhaya yaseJalimane. Idizayini yangaphandle yemoto ayizange ibe nezinguquko eziphawulekayo. Imoto ithole uhla lwezinhlelo zobuchwepheshe zokuthuthukisa ukunethezeka komshayeli, okuyinhloko yilezi:
- ukuhlanganiswa kwawo wonke ama-electronics kunethiwekhi ye-FlexRay;
- ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi ye-broadband;
- ukulungiswa okubushelelezi kobubanzi be-headlight ngokusho kolwazi oluvela kumakhamera angaphandle;
- ukusekelwa kokugcina umzila;
- usizo ngokwakha kabusha;
- umsebenzi wokuthola abahamba ngezinyawo lapho kuhwalala;
- ukuqashelwa kwemikhawulo yesivinini;
- izibani zangaphambili ze-LED ozikhethela;
- ibhuleki eliphuthumayo elizenzakalelayo lapho ukushayisana kuseduze;
- ukuqondisa okunamandla okunemba okuphezulu;
- ukuba khona komsizi wokupaka;
- gearbox esebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-Shift-by-wire.
Ukuqala kwesizukulwane sesine i-Audi A8 kwenzeka ngoJulayi 11, 2017 e-Barcelona. Imoto ithole umsebenzi we-autopilot. Isisekelo se-MLBevo sasetshenziswa njengendawo yesikhulumi. Ngaphandle, imoto iphinda kakhulu imoto yomqondo we-Audi Prologue.
Uhlolojikelele lwezinjini ezizukulwaneni ezahlukene zezimoto
I Audi A8 isebenzisa anhlobonhlobo powertrains. Izinjini ezingaphezu kwengxenye ziyizinjini zikaphethiloli. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinjini ezivuthayo zedizili zangaphakathi nama-hybrids zithandwa kakhulu. Wonke amayunithi amandla anamandla aphezulu futhi ahamba phambili. Ungakwazi ukujwayelana nezinjini ezisetshenziswa ku-Audi A8 etafuleni elingezansi.
Amayunithi amandla Audi A8
| Imodeli yemoto | Izinjini ezifakiwe |
|---|---|
| I-A8 1994 | I-ACK I-AFB I-AKN AAH I-ALG AMX APR I-AQD I-AEW I-AKJ I-AKC I-AQG I-ABZ AKG AUX I-AKB I-AQF OW |
| I-A8 1996 | I-ABZ AKG AUX I-AKB I-AQF OW |
| Ukulungiswa kabusha kwe-A8 1999 | I-AFB I-AZC I-AKN I-AKE I-ACK I-ALG I-AKF AMX APR I-AQD AUX I-AKB I-AQF OW |
| I-A8 2002 | I-ASN ASB Bfl I-ASE I-BGK I-BFM BHT BSB I-BTE |
| Ukulungiswa kabusha kwe-A8 2005 | ASB I-BPK Bfl I-BGK I-BFM BHT BSB I-BTE |
| I-A8 2nd restyling 2007 | ASB BVJ I-BDX I-BPK Bfl I-BVN I-BGK I-BFM BHT BSB I-BTE |
| I-Audi A8 2009 | I-CMHA I-CLAB I-CDTA I-CMHA I-CREG CKWA XNUMX CEUA CDSB ISHIYA I-CTNA |
| Ukulungiswa kabusha kwe-A8 2013 | I-CMHA SOLULE I-CDTA I-CDTC I-CTBA I-CGWD Crea I-CTGA I-CTEC ISHIYA I-CTNA |
| I-A8 2017 | CZSE I-DDVC EA897 EA825 |
Izinjini ezithandwayo
Ngokushesha ngemva kokwethulwa kwesizukulwane sokuqala i-Audi A8, ukukhethwa kwama-powertrain kwakungekukhulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, injini kaphethiloli ye-AAH eyisithupha-cylinder yaqala ukuthandwa. Amandla alo ayenganele ku-sedan esindayo, ngakho ukuthandwa kwashintsha injini ye-ABZ eyisishiyagalombili-cylinder. Inguqulo ephezulu yayineyunithi yamandla ye-AZC enezisilinda eziyishumi nambili futhi yayithandwa abalandeli bethrafikhi yesivinini esikhulu. Injini kadizili ye-AFB ayizange ithole ukuduma futhi yathathelwa indawo yizimboni ezinamandla kakhulu ze-AKE ne-AKF.
Ukukhishwa kwesizukulwane sesibili kwaholela ekudumeni kwezinjini ze-BGK ne-BFM. Ngaphezu kwezitshalo zamandla kaphethiloli, injini ye-diesel ye-ASE nayo isizuze idumela elihle. Inketho entofontofo kuvele ukuthi i-Audi A8 eneCVT. Yasebenzisa injini kaphethiloli ye-ASN.
Kusukela esizukulwaneni sesithathu, umkhuba wokuvikelwa kwemvelo uqala ukulandelwa. Ama-motor anevolumu encane yekamelo lokusebenza athola ukuthandwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, injini engu-6.3-litre CEJA ne-CTNA iyatholakala kubalandeli bezemidlalo. Esizukulwaneni sesine, i-hybrid Audi A8s enama-CZSE powertrains ayaduma.
Iyiphi injini engcono ukukhetha Audi A8
Uma ukhetha imoto yesizukulwane sokuqala, kunconywa ukuba unake i-Audi A8 enenjini ye-ACK. I-motor ine-cast iron cylinder block. Injini yomthombo ingaphezu kuka-350 XNUMX km. Iyunithi yamandla ayinakuzithoba kwikhwalithi kaphethiloli otheliwe, kodwa iyazwela kumafutha.
Izinjini ze-BFM bezifakwe kuphela i-Audi A8 edonsa ngawo wonke amasondo. Lena injini engcono kakhulu esizukulwaneni sesibili sezimoto. Injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ine-aluminium cylinder block. Naphezu kwalokhu, iyunithi yamandla ayihlushwa ukuguqulwa kwejometri noma ukubonakala kwamaphuzu.
Injini ye-CGWD ethuthukisiwe isebenza kahle. Izinkinga zakhe zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nokwanda kwamafutha amafutha. Injini inomkhawulo omkhulu wokuphepha, okuvumela ukuthi uyishune ngaphezu kwamandla amahhashi angama-550-600. Idrayivu yesikhathi ithembekile kakhulu. Ngokweziqinisekiso zabamele inkampani, amaketanga esikhathi aklanyelwe impilo yonke yenjini, ngakho-ke awadingi ukushintshwa.
Kumamotho amasha, i-CZSE ihamba phambili. Iyingxenye yesizinda samandla esixubile esinenethiwekhi ehlukile engu-48-volt. Injini ayizange ibonise amaphutha edizayini noma "izifo zezingane". Injini ifuna izinga likaphethiloli, kodwa iyonga kakhulu.
Kubathandi bejubane, inketho engcono kakhulu kungaba i-Audi A8 eneyunithi yamandla angama-cylinder ayishumi nambili. Imbalwa impela yale mishini yakhiqizwa, kodwa eminingi yayo ilondolozwe isesimweni esihle ngenxa yomthombo omkhulu wezinjini ezisetshenzisiwe. Ngakho-ke lapho kuthengiswa ungathola imoto yesizukulwane sokuqala evamile ngokuphelele enenjini ye-AZC noma eyesibili enenjini ye-BHT, BSB noma ye-BTE. Inketho engcono kakhulu yokushayela kwezemidlalo kungaba imoto entsha ene-CEJA noma i-CTNA ngaphansi kwehood.
Ukuthembeka kwezinjini kanye nobuthakathaka bazo
Ezinjini zesizukulwane sokuqala, isibonelo, i-ACK, izinkinga eziningi zihlotshaniswa nokuguga. Ama-Motor anomthombo omkhulu kanye nokugcinwa okuhle. Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu ngezinjini zokuqala ze-Audi A8 yilezi:
- ukwanda kwe-maslozher;
- ukuhluleka kukagesi;
- ukuvuza kwe-antifreeze;
- ukungazinzi kwejubane le-crankshaft;
- ukwehla kokucindezela.
Izinjini zesizukulwane sesine azikakhombisi ubuthakathaka. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, ku-CZSE, izinkinga ezingase zibalwe kuphela. I-manifold yayo yokungenisa ihlanganiswe nekhanda le-cylinder, okwenza kube nzima ukulishintsha ngokuhlukile. Isizukulwane sesithathu sezinjini, isibonelo, i-CGWD, nayo ayinazo izinkinga eziningi. Kodwa-ke, abanikazi bezimoto bavame ukukhononda ngokusha kothayela, ukuvuza kwepompo lamanzi kanye nemvuthuluka ye-catalyst engena ekamelweni lokusebenza, okuholela ekutholeni amaphuzu ebusweni bamasilinda.
