Injini yeVolkswagen CZCA
Okuqukethwe
Injini eyaziwa kakhulu ye-CXSA ithathelwe indawo entsha, enamandla amakhulu e-ICE ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zesimanje zemvelo. Ngezimpawu zayo zobuchwepheshe, ihambisana ngokugcwele nolayini we-EA211-TSI (CXSA, CZEA, CJZA, CJZB, CHPA, CMBA, CZDA).
Incazelo
Ngo-2013, iVolkswagen auto concern (VAG) yakwazi ukukhiqiza iyunithi yamandla ethathe indawo yochungechunge oludumile lwe-1,4 TSI EA111. Injini yathola igama elithi CZCA. Kuyafaneleka ukuqaphela ukuthi lesi sampula sisabhekwa njengenguqulo ethuthukisiwe neyintsha emaphakathi yezinjini ze-VAG zolayini we-EA211.
Isizinda samandla sochungechunge lwe-CZCA esinomthamo wamalitha angu-1.4 sifakwe inqwaba yamamodeli adumile akwaVolkswagen, Skoda, Audi kanye neSeat emakethe. Emakethe yaseRussia, iVolkswagen Polo ne-Skoda Octavia, i-Fabia ne-Rapid, ifakwe le njini, idume kakhulu.
I-motor ibonakala ngokubumbana, ukusebenza kahle, ukugcinwa kalula ekusebenzeni.
Ezicini eziyinhloko, kufanelekile ukuphawula ukuthi zisetshenziswe yi-180֯ Ikhanda le-cylinder, elenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlanganisa i-exhaust manifold kuyo, ukushintshwa kwe-timing chain drive nge-belt drive kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisiza ukuklama konke kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi.
I-CZCA 1,4 litre in-line injini kaphethroli eyifour-cylinder enamandla angu-125 hp. ene-torque engu-200 Nm efakwe i-turbocharger.
Kufakwe ezimotweni ze-VAG automaker:
- I-Volkswagen Golf VII /5G_/ (2014-2018);
- I-Passat B8 /3G_/ (2014-2018);
- I-Polo Sedan I /6C_/ (2015-2020);
- I-Jetta VI /1B_/ (2015-2019);
- Tiguan II / AD/ (2016-);
- I-Polo Liftback I / CK/ (2020- );
- I-Skoda Superb III /3V_/ (2015-2018);
- I-Yeti I /5L_/ (2015-2017);
- Rapid I /NH/ (2015-2020);
- Octavia III /5E_/ (2015-);
- I-Kodiaq I /NS/ (2016- );
- Fabia III /NJ/ (2017-2018);
- I-Rapid II /NK/ (2019-);
- Isihlalo sikaLeon III /5F_/ (2014-2018);
- I-Toledo IV /KG/ (2015-2018);
- I-Audi A1 I /8X_/ (2014-2018);
- I-A3 III /8V_/ (2013-2016).
Akunakwenzeka ukuziba izixazululo ezinjalo ezintsha njengokuthuthukiswa kokuningi kokuthatha. Manje isine-intercooler. Uhlelo lokupholisa luthole izinguquko - ukujikeleza kwepompo yamanzi kwenziwa ngebhande layo lokushayela. Uhlelo ngokwalo lwaba yiziyingi ezimbili.
Ingxenye kagesi ayizange ishiywe ngaphandle kokunakwa. I-Bosch Motronic MED 17.5.25 ECU ilawula konke ukusebenza kwenjini, hhayi nje umfutho we-boost.
Amalayini okusansimbi anezindonga ezincanyana acindezelwa ku-aluminum cylinder block. Kukhona ama-pluses amabili - isisindo senjini sincishisiwe futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kulungiswe ngokuphelele.
Amapiston e-aluminium, angasindi. Ukungalungi okukhulu kwalesi sixazululo ukuzwela kwabo okukhulayo ekushiseni ngokweqile. Okokuqala, lokhu kubonakala ngesimo sesiketi, njengasesampula esiboniswe esithombeni. Iminwe entantayo. Kusukela ekugudluzeni okusemaceleni okulungiswe ngezindandatho ezibambayo.
I-crankshaft ilula, nge-stroke ikhuphuke yaba ngu-80 mm. Lokhu kwenza kudingeke ukuthi kusetshenziswe izinduku zokuxhuma ezingasindi, ezazifakwe ekwakhiweni.
Idrayivu yesikhathi isebenzisa ibhande. Uma kuqhathaniswa neketango, isisindo sefindo sehla kancane, kodwa lokhu kwaba ukuphela kohlangothi oluhle lwalesi sinqumo. Ibhande lokushayela, ngokusho komkhiqizi, likwazi ukuhlenga amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-120, kodwa ekusebenzeni lokhu akuvamile.
Abanikazi bezimoto abanolwazi batusa ukushintshwa kwebhande ngemuva kwe-90 km. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izinkulungwane ezingu-30 km kufanele ihlolwe ngokucophelela. Ibhande eliphukile libangela ukuba ama-valve agobe.
Ikhanda lesilinda linama-camshaft amabili (DOHC), amavalvu angu-16 anama-hydraulic lifters. Isilawuli sesikhathi se-valve sitholakala ku-shaft yokungena.
Isistimu yokuhlinzeka ngamafutha - uhlobo lomjovo, umjovo oqondile. Uphethiloli osetshenzisiwe - AI-98. Abanye abashayeli esikhundleni salo nge-95, okunciphisa insiza, kunciphisa amandla futhi kwakha izimfuneko zokuhluleka kwenjini.
Ukuze kufakwe i-turbocharging, kusetshenziswa i-TD025 M2 turbine, ehlinzeka ngokucindezelwa ngokweqile kwamabha angu-0,8. Ezimweni eziningi, i-turbine inakekela amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100-150, okungenakushiwo mayelana nokushayela kwayo. Kuzoxoxwa kabanzi kuChap. Izindawo ezibuthakathaka.
Isistimu yokugcoba isebenzisa i-0W-30 (efiselekayo) noma i-5W-30 yamafutha. Ezimweni zokusebenza zase-Russian, umkhiqizi uncoma ukusebenzisa i-VAG Special C 0W-30 ngemvume kanye nokucaciswa kwe-VW 502 00/505 00. Ukushintshwa kufanele kwenziwe ngemva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-7,5. Iphampu kawoyela evela ku-Duo-Centric, ukunikezwa kukawoyela ozilawulayo.
Noma iyiphi injini inezinhlangothi ezinhle nezingezinhle. Okuhle kuyanda ku-CZCA. Igrafu yezimpawu zejubane zangaphandle zenjini ethulwe ngezansi ikuqinisekisa ngokusobala lokhu.
I-CZCA ICE cishe iyinjini entsha enentuthuko enkulu mayelana nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwezobuchwepheshe nezomnotho.
Технические характеристики
| Umkhiqizi | Isitshalo saseMlada Boleslav, eCzech Republic |
| Unyaka wokukhishwa | 2013 |
| Ivolumu, cm³ | 1395 |
| Amandla, l. Nge | 125 |
| I-Torque, Nm | 200 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 10 |
| Isilinda block | aluminium |
| Inani lamasilinda | 4 |
| Ikhanda lesilinda | aluminium |
| I-oda lomjovo wamafutha | 1-3-4-2 |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 74.5 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 80 |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | ibhande |
| Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye | 4 (DOHC) |
| I-Turbocharging | I-turbine TD025 M2 |
| Izinxephezelo zeHydraulic | kuyinto |
| Isilawuli sesikhathi se-valve | okukodwa (inlet) |
| Umthamo wesistimu yokuthambisa, l | 3.8 |
| Amafutha afakwe | I-5W-30 |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha (kubalwa), l / 1000 km | kufika ku-0,5* |
| Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli | umjovo, umjovo oqondile |
| I-Fuel | uphethiloli AI-98 |
| Amazinga ezemvelo | Euro 6 |
| Insiza, ngaphandle. km | 275 |
| Isisindo kg | 104 |
| Indawo: | phambene |
| Ukushuna (okungenzeka, hp | I-230 ** |
* ngenjini esetshenziswayo engekho ngaphezu kuka-0,1; **kufika ku-150 ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwensiza
Ukuthembeka, ubuthakathaka, ukugcina
Ukuthembeka
Akukho ukungabaza ngokwethembeka kwe-CZCA. Injini inomthombo ohloniphekile kanye nesilinganiso esikhulu sokuphepha.
Izinkulumo eziningi ezinkundleni ezehlukene zimayelana nokuqina kwebhande lesikhathi. Ochwepheshe bezinkinga zakwaVolkswagen bathi uhlelo lokushintshwa kwayo lungemuva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-120 futhi asikho isidingo sokuyehlisa.
Lokhu kufakazelwa abanye abanikazi bezimoto. Ngakho-ke, Amalungu avela eKaluga abelana ngalokho akubonile: “… ushintshe ibhande lesikhathi kanye nebhande lokushayela. Ishintshe ekugijimeni kuka-131.000 km. Ngizokutshela ngokushesha ukuthi awudingi ukukhuphuka lapho kusenesikhathi, ungabona ezithombeni ukuthi yonke into ihlanzekile lapho futhi isimo sebhande siku-4 eqinile, noma ngisho ne-5.".
UKrebsi (eJalimane, eMunich) uyacacisa: “... amaJalimane kule injini alishintshi ibhande lesikhathi ngaphambi kwe-200 km. Futhi bathi ujwayele ukuba sesimweni esihle. Ukushintshwa kwefekthri akuhlinzekiwe nhlobo".
Kusobala ngamaJalimane, kodwa abashayeli bethu banombono ohlukile ngalolu daba - ngemva kokushintshwa okungu-90000 kanye nokuhlolwa okungu-30000. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza e-Russian Federation, lokhu kuzoba okuyiqiniso kakhulu futhi okuphephile.
Odabeni lokunyuka kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela, awukho futhi umbono ongaguquki. Izinkinga zibhekene kakhulu nabanikazi bezimoto abazama ukonga kuwoyela oshibhile futhi abahambisani nezinsuku zokugcina zokulungisa injini.
Umshayeli wemoto waseMoscow, uCmfkamikadze, uzwakalisa umbono ovame kakhulu ngenjini: “… izinga likawoyela. Umlilo onamandla! Ukusetshenziswa kuze kube yisilinganiso esingu-7.6 edolobheni. Injini ethule kakhulu. Uma ume erobhothini, kube sengathi limile. Yebo, namuhla, ngenkathi uhlanza iqhwa futhi uhamba eduze kwemoto, yafudumala kufika kuma-degree angu-80. 5-8 imizuzu. Ngokukhululekile. Ngakho-ke inganekwane mayelana nokufudumala okude kuyabhujiswa".
Umkhiqizi uthatha izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi ukuze athuthukise ukwethembeka kweyunithi. Isibonelo, emaqenjini okuqala ezinjini, izinkinga zabonwa ekukhuphukeni kwesilawuli sesikhathi se-valve. Imboni yalungisa iphutha ngokushesha.
Injini idlula kakhulu insiza eshiwo ngesimo sengqondo esanele kuyo. Abasebenzi benkonzo yezimoto baye baqaphela ngokuphindaphindiwe izimoto ezifika kubo nge-mileage engaphezu kuka-400 XNUMX km.
Imajini yokuphepha ikuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule injini ifike ku-230 hp. s, kodwa ungakwenzi. Okokuqala, injini ekuqaleni yakhuliswa ngumenzi. Okwesibili, ukungenelela ekwakhiweni kweyunithi kuzonciphisa kakhulu insiza kanye nokuhambisana nezindinganiso zemvelo.
Kulabo abanamandla angu-125 litres. ngokungenele, kungenzeka ukwenza ukushuna okulula kwe-chip (yenza ukukhanya kwe-ECU). Ngenxa yalokho, injini izoba namandla cishe ngo-12-15 hp. s, kuyilapho insiza ihlala injalo.
Ngokusekelwe ekubuyekezweni kochwepheshe nabashayeli benjini ye-1.4 TSI CZCA, isiphetho kuphela esiziphakamisayo - le njini ye-Volkswagen iyasebenza ngempela, ithembekile futhi iyonga kakhulu.
Izindawo ezibuthakathaka
Izindawo zezinkinga ze-CZCA azikwazanga ukugwenywa. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi eziningi zazo zibangelwa ukusebenza okungalungile kweyunithi, okungukuthi, abanikazi bezimoto ngokwabo banesibopho sokwenzeka kwabo.
Cabanga nge-node yenkinga eyinhloko ye-motor
tsya wastegate turbine, noma kunalokho ukushayela kwayo. Abashayeli bezimoto bavame ukuhlangana nokuma kwenduku ye-actuator. Inkinga ingenzeka kunoma yiliphi ibanga. Isizathu wukubala kabi kobunjiniyela ekwakhiweni kwenjini. Ochwepheshe-ochwepheshe basikisela ukuthi kukhona iphutha ekukhetheni izikhala kanye nezinto zezingxenye zomhlangano.
Ukuze uvimbele ukungasebenzi kahle, kuyadingeka ukugcoba induku ye-actuator ngamafutha amelana nokushisa futhi ngezikhathi ezithile (ngisho nalapho umi esiminyaminyeni sezimoto) unikeze injini isivinini esigcwele. Ngenxa yalezi zincomo ezimbili ezilula, kungenzeka ukuqeda ukumuncu kwenduku nokuvimbela ukulungiswa okubizayo.
Obunye ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile bezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi (i-CZCA ayihlukile) ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela. Isizathu akuwona amafutha aphezulu kanye nezinto zokugcoba, ngokuyinhloko uphethiloli hhayi ukugcinwa kwenjini ngesikhathi.
Uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephansi unomthelela ekwakhekeni kwe-soot futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukupheka izindandatho nama-valve e-piston. Imiphumela iwukwenzeka kwezindandatho, ukuphelelwa amandla, ukwanda kukaphethiloli nokusetshenziswa kukawoyela.
Abanikazi bezimoto abenza ukugcinwa kwenjini ngesikhathi esifanele, njengomthetho, abahlangani nomshini wokushisa uwoyela.
Ezinjinini ezindala, kuvela inkungu ngisho nokuvuza okupholile. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kubangelwa ukoma kwepulasitiki - isikhathi sithatha umonakalo. Inkinga ixazululwa ngokufaka ingxenye enesici.
Ezinye izinkinga okuhlangatshezwane nazo azibucayi, njengoba ziyivelakancane, futhi akuzona zonke izinjini.
Ukulondolozeka
I-CZCA inokugcinwa okuphezulu. Umklamo olula, imikhono yensimbi kanye nedivayisi ye-block ivumela ukubuyiselwa hhayi kuphela ezinsizeni zemoto, kodwa nasezimweni zegaraji.
Injini isatshalaliswa kabanzi emakethe yasekhaya, ngakho-ke azikho izinkinga ngokuthola izingxenye ezisele. Lapho uthenga, udinga ukunaka umenzi wabo ukuze ungabandakanyi amathuba okuthola inkohliso.
Akunconywa ukusebenzisa izingxenye ezisele-ama-analogue ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, ikakhulukazi amasekeni. Ngeshwa, abanye abanikazi bezimoto abasinaki lesi sincomo. Ngenxa yalokho, kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukulungisa injini futhi.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Incazelo ilula - ama-analogue ezingxenye nezingxenye azihambisani ngaso sonke isikhathi nemingcele edingekayo (ubukhulu, ukwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukwakheka, njll.), futhi akunakwenzeka ukucacisa insiza eyinsalela yezakhi ezisetshenzisiwe.
Ngaphambi kokulungisa iyunithi, ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukucabangela inketho yokuthenga injini yenkontileka.
Azikho izinkinga ngokuthola umdayisi walezi motors. Intengo yeyunithi iyahlukahluka kakhulu futhi iqala kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-60. Kuye ngokuphelela kokunamathiselwe nezinye izici, ungathola injini yezindleko eziphansi.
Injini yakwaVolkswagen CZCA iyisikhathi eside, ithembekile futhi ayinankinga uma zonke izidingo zomkhiqizi zihlangabezana nazo.
