Injini yeVolkswagen CLRA
Okuqukethwe
Abashayeli bezimoto baseRussia bajabulela izinzuzo zenjini yeVolkswagen Jetta VI futhi baqaphela ngazwi linye njengenye yezinhle kakhulu.
Incazelo
E-Russia, injini ye-CLRA yaqala ukuvela ngo-2011. Ukukhiqizwa kwalolu phiko kusungulwa embonini ye-VAG ukukhathazeka eMexico.
Injini ifakwe izimoto Volkswagen Jetta isizukulwane 6. Ukulethwa kwalezi zimoto emakethe yaseRussia kwenziwa kwaze kwaba ngu-2013.
Empeleni, i-CLRA iyingxenye ye-CFNA eyaziwa abashayeli bethu bezimoto. Kodwa le moto ikwazile ukumunca izimfanelo eziningi ezinhle ze-analogue futhi inciphise inani lokushiyeka.
I-CLRA ingenye injini efunwa uphethiloli enamasilinda amane enohlelo lwamasilinda emgqeni. Amandla amenyezelwe angamalitha ayi-105. s ku-torque engu-153 Nm.
Isilinda block (BC) senziwa ngokwesiko kusuka kungxubevange ye-aluminium. Imikhono yensimbi enezindonga ezincane icindezelwa emzimbeni. Imibhede yokuthwala eyinhloko ifakwe ngomshini ngokuhlangene ne-block, ngakho ukushintshwa kwabo ngesikhathi sokulungiswa akunakwenzeka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, uma kunesidingo, i-crankshaft kufanele ishintshwe kanye nomhlangano we-BC.
Ikhanda lebhulokhi lenziwa nge-transverse cylinder scavenging scheme (ama-valve okungenisa nawokukhipha atholakala ezinhlangothini eziphambene zekhanda le-cylinder). Endizeni engenhla yekhanda kunombhede wamakhamera amabili ensimbi. Ngaphakathi kwekhanda le-cylinder kunama-valve angu-16 afakwe ama-hydraulic compensators.
Amapiston e-aluminium anezindandatho ezintathu. Ukucindezelwa okuphezulu okubili, i-oil scraper ephansi. Iziketi ze-piston ziboshwe nge-graphite. I-piston bottoms ipholiswa ngamabhomu kawoyela akhethekile. Izikhonkwane ze-piston ziyantanta, zivikelekile ekususweni kwe-axial ngokugcina izindandatho.
Izinduku zokuxhuma insimbi, ezakhiwe. Esigabeni banesigaba sika-I.
I-crankshaft igxilwe kuma-bearings amahlanu, izungeza kumalayini ensimbi anezindonga ezincane ezine-anti-friction coating. Ukuze uthole ukulinganisa okunembe kakhudlwana, i-shaft ifakwe ama-counterweights ayisishiyagalombili.
Idrayivu yesikhathi isebenzisa iketango elinemigqa eminingi ye-lamellar. Ngokusho kwabanikazi bezimoto, ngokulungiswa okufika ngesikhathi, i-250-300 km eyizinkulungwane inakekelwa kalula.
Naphezu kwalokhu, iphutha langaphambilini ku-drive lisekhona. Kuxoxwa kabanzi kuChap. "Izindawo ezibuthakathaka".
Umjovo wesistimu yokuhlinzeka ngamafutha, umjovo osabalalisiwe. Uphethiloli onconywayo yi-AI-95, kodwa abashayeli bezimoto bathi ukusetshenziswa kwe-AI-92 akuphazamisi ukusebenza kweyunithi. Uhlelo lulawulwa yi-Magnetti Marelli 7GV ECU.
Isistimu yokugcoba ehlanganisiwe ayinakho umklamo okhethekile.
Ngokuvamile, ngokusho kwabanikazi bezimoto, i-CLRA ingena eqenjini lezinjini ze-VAG eziphumelela kakhulu.
Технические характеристики
| Umkhiqizi | Ukukhathazeka ngemoto ye-VAG |
| Unyaka wokukhishwa | 2011 * |
| Ivolumu, cm³ | 1598 |
| Amandla, l. Nge | 105 |
| Inkomba yamandla, l. s/1 ilitha umthamo | 66 |
| I-Torque, Nm | 153 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 10.5 |
| Isilinda block | aluminium |
| Inani lamasilinda | 4 |
| Ikhanda lesilinda | aluminium |
| Ivolumu yokusebenza yegumbi lomlilo, cm³ | 38.05 |
| I-oda lomjovo wamafutha | 1-3-4-2 |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 76.5 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 86.9 |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | uchungechunge |
| Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye | 4 (DOHC) |
| Izinxephezelo zeHydraulic | kuyinto |
| I-Turbocharging | akukho |
| Isilawuli sesikhathi se-valve | akukho |
| Umthamo wesistimu yokuthambisa, l | 3.6 |
| Amafutha afakwe | 5W-30, 5W-40 |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha (kubalwa), l / 1000 km | I-0,5 ** |
| Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli | umjovo, umjovo wembobo |
| I-Fuel | uphethiloli AI-95 |
| Amazinga ezemvelo | Euro 4 |
| Insiza, ngaphandle. km | 200 |
| Indawo: | phambene |
| Ukushuna (okungenzeka), l. Nge | I-150 *** |
*usuku lokuvela kwenjini yokuqala eRussian Federation; ** kunjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ekwazi ukusevisa, hhayi ngaphezu kuka-0,1 l; *** ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwensiza kufika ku-115 l. Nge
Ukuthembeka, ubuthakathaka, ukugcina
Ukuthembeka
Ukuthembeka kwanoma iyiphi injini kusesisetshenziswa sayo kanye nemajini yokuphepha. Kukhona ulwazi mayelana mileage ukuthi 500 ayizinkulungwane km akuyona umkhawulo kuye. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, isevisi yayo efike ngesikhathi futhi esezingeni eliphezulu ibekwa phambili.
Igrafu ibonisa ukuthi mileage injini idlula 500 ayizinkulungwane km.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha ekhwalithi ephezulu kusiza ukwandisa insiza yeyunithi. Kusukela esithombeni esingezansi kuyacaca ukuthi ukungafani komkhiqizo wamafutha anconyiwe kuholela emphumeleni "wokukhipha" izakhi zenjini yangaphakathi ezidinga ukugcoba. Isithombe esifanayo siyabonakala lapho imigomo yokushintshwa kwayo ingabonwa.
Kuyacaca ukuthi kulokhu, ukuqina kwe-motor kufanele kukhohliwe.
Umkhiqizi, lapho ethuthukisa idrayivu yesikhathi, ugxile ekwandiseni impilo yakhe yesevisi. I-Modernization ye-chain kanye ne-tensioner yandisa insiza yabo yaba ngu-300 XNUMX km.
Injini ingakhushulwa ifike ku-150 hp. s, kodwa akudingeki ukwenze. Okokuqala, ukungenelela okunjalo kuzonciphisa kakhulu impilo yemoto. Okwesibili, izici zobuchwepheshe zizoshintsha, hhayi zibe ngcono.
Uma kungenakubekezeleleka ngokuphelele, kwanele ukukhanyisa i-ECU (i-chip tuning elula) futhi injini izothola i-10-13 hp. amandla.
Iningi labanikazi bezimoto lichaza i-CLRA njengenjini ethembekile, eqinile, ehlala isikhathi eside futhi eyongayo.
Izindawo ezibuthakathaka
I-CLRA ithathwa njengenguqulo ephumelele kakhulu yezinjini zakwaVolkswagen. Naphezu kwalokhu, kukhona ubuthakathaka kuwo.
Abashayeli abaningi bezimoto bakhathazwa ukungqongqoza lapho beqala injini ebandayo. I-Bulldozer 2018 evela ku-Stavropol ikhuluma ngalesi sihloko kanje: "… Jetta 2013. Injini 1.6 CLRA, Mexico. 148000 izinkulungwane km mileage. Kunomsindo lapho uqala kubanda imizuzwana emi-5-10. Futhi ngakho, njengoba, konke kuhamba kahle. Ngokuqinisekile ama-chain motors anomsindo".
Kunezizathu ezimbili zokungqongqoza okuvelayo - ukuguga kweziphakamisi ezidonsa amanzi kanye nokugudluzwa kwamapiston ku-TDC. Ezinjinini ezintsha, isizathu sokuqala siyanyamalala, kanti okwesibili kuyisici sokuklama senjini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Lapho injini ishisa, ukungqongqoza kuyanyamalala. Lesi simo kuzofanele sifinyelele imigomo.
Ngeshwa, idrayivu yesikhathi ithathe izinkinga zomanduleli wayo. Lapho iketango ligxuma, ukugoba kwama-valve kwahlala kungenakugwenywa.
Umnyombo wenkinga usekungabi bikho kwesivalo se-hydraulic tensioner plunger. Lapho nje ukucindezela ohlelweni lokugcotshwa kwehlile, ukushuba kweketango lokushayela kudedelwa ngokushesha.
Lokhu kulandela ukuthi kunendlela eyodwa kuphela yokukhipha ithuba lokugxuma - ungashiyi imoto negiya elifakwe endaweni yokupaka (udinga ukusebenzisa ibhuleki lokupaka) futhi ungazami ukuqala imoto kusuka endaweni yokupaka. donsa.
Abanye abanikazi bezimoto banezinkinga nge-ignition-injection system. Kulokhu, amakhandlela kanye nomhlangano we-throttle kungaphansi kokuhlaziywa ngokucophelela. Ukusetshenziswa kwephethiloli yekhwalithi ephansi kuholela ekufakweni kwekhabhoni ku-throttle kanye nokushayela kwayo, okuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwenjini.
Futhi, mhlawumbe, iphuzu lokugcina elibuthakathaka ukuzwela kwekhwalithi yamafutha kanye nesikhathi sokushintshwa kwawo. Ukungazinaki lezi zinkomba kwasekuqaleni kuholela ekwandeni kokuguga kwama-crankshaft liners. Lokhu okuholela kukho kucacile ngaphandle kwencazelo.
Ukulondolozeka
Ukuklama okulula kwenjini kusho ukugcinwa kwayo okuphezulu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso, kodwa lapha kuyadingeka ukucabangela ubunzima bomsebenzi wokubuyisela. Ezinsizeni zemoto, lokhu akubalulekile, kodwa ukuzilungisa kuzoholela emiphumeleni engenakuhlehliswa.
Ingqikithi yenkinga ifika olwazini olunzulu lwezinqubo zobuchwepheshe zokubuyisela, ukuhlonyiswa ngamathuluzi adingekayo namadivayisi. Isibonelo, umsebenzi ojwayelekile ukusetha i-TDC.
Uma kungekho inkomba yokudayela, akufanele ngisho nokuthatha lo msebenzi. Kulokhu, ukulungiswa kufanele kufake i-camshaft kanye ne-crankshaft clamps, futhi-ke ithuluzi elikhethekile.
Akulula ukufaka uphawu lwe-crankshaft. Akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi ngemva kokufaka entsha, kuthatha amahora amane ukuma ngaphandle kokuvula i-crankshaft. Ukwephulwa kwenqubo yezobuchwepheshe kuzodala ukubhujiswa kwebhokisi lokugxusha.
Izingxenye eziyisipele zokukhanda izimoto zitholakala kalula kunoma yisiphi isitolo esikhethekile. Into eyinhloko ungathengi imikhiqizo yomgunyathi. Ukulungiswa kweyunithi kwenziwa kuphela kusetshenziswa izingxenye ezisele zangempela.
Imikhono yensimbi ye-Cast ikuvumela ukuthi ushintshe i-CPG ngokugcwele. Amalayini ayisicefe kuya kusayizi oyifunayo wokukhanda ahlinzeka ngokulungiswa okugcwele kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi.
Lapho ubuyisela injini, ngokushesha udinga ukulungiselela izindleko ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo. Izindleko eziphakeme zokulungiswa azibangelwa nje kuphela izingxenye eziyisipele ezibizayo, kodwa futhi nobunzima bomsebenzi owenziwayo.
Isibonelo, ukuphinda kufakwe i-sleeving ye-cylinder block kudinga ukubandakanyeka kochwepheshe abaqeqeshwe kakhulu. Ngokunjalo, iholo labo lizokwenyuswa.
Ngokusekelwe kulokhu osekushiwo ngaphambili, ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukucabangela inketho yokuthola injini yenkontileka. Intengo ejwayelekile yemoto enjalo ingama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-60-80.
Injini yakwaVolkswagen CLRA ishiye umbono omuhle kubashayeli baseRussia. Inokwethenjelwa, inamandla futhi iyonga, futhi ngokulungiswa okufika ngesikhathi, nayo ihlala isikhathi eside.
