Injini yeVolkswagen BCA
Okuqukethwe
Abakhi benjini ye-VAG auto concern banikeze umthengi inketho entsha yenjini yezinhlobo zezimoto ezidumile abazikhiqizayo. I-motor igcwalise umugqa wamayunithi wokukhathazeka we-EA111-1,4 (AEX, AKQ, AXP, BBY, BUD, CGGB).
Incazelo
Onjiniyela bakwaVolkswagen babebhekene nomsebenzi wokudala injini evuthayo yangaphakathi esebenzisa uphethiloli ophansi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kufanele ibe namandla anele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, injini kufanele ibe nokugcinwa okuhle, kube lula ukuyisebenzisa nokuyigcina.
Ngo-1996, iyunithi enjalo yasungulwa futhi yafakwa ekukhiqizeni. Ukukhishwa kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngu-2011.
Injini engu-BCA ingu-1,4 litre four-cylinder in-line kaphethiloli enamandla angu-75 hp. nge-torque engu-126 Nm.
Kufakwe ezimotweni:
- Volkswagen Bora I /1J2/ (1998-2002);
- I-Bora /wagon 2KB/ (2002-2005);
- Igalofu 4 /1J1/ (2002-2006);
- Igalofu 5 /1K1/ (2003-2006);
- New Beetle I (1997-2010);
- I-Caddy III /2K/ (2003-2006);
- Isihlalo saseToledo (1998-2002);
- Leon I /1M/ (2003-2005);
- I-Skoda Octavia I /A4/ (2000-2010).
Ngaphezu kwalokhu okungenhla, iyunithi ingatholakala ngaphansi kwe-VW Golf 4 Variant, New Beetle Convertible (1Y7), Golf Plus (5M1).
I-cylinder block ilula, isakazwa ku-aluminium alloy. Umkhiqizo onjalo uthathwa njengongalungiseki, ulahlwe. Kepha ku-ICE ecutshungulwayo, abaklami be-VAG bazidlulele bona.
Ibhulokhi ivumela isithukuthezi sesikhathi esisodwa samasilinda ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwayo. Futhi lokhu kakade isengezo esibonakalayo ingqikithi mileage mayelana 150-200 ayizinkulungwane km.
Amapiston e-aluminium, angasindi, anamasongo amathathu. Ukucindezelwa okuphezulu okubili, i-oil scraper ephansi. Iminwe entantayo. Ukusuka ku-axial displacement zilungiswa ngamasongo okugcina.
I-crankshaft ifakwe kuma-bearings amahlanu.
Idrayivu yesikhathi inamabhande amabili. Okuyinhloko ishayela i-camshaft yokuthatha kusukela ku-crankshaft. Owesibili uxhuma ama-camshafts wokungenisa nokukhipha. Ukushintshwa kwebhande lokuqala kunconywa ngemuva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-80-90. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela njalo ngezinkulungwane ezingama-30 km. Omfishane udinga ukunakwa okukhethekile.
Uhlelo lokuhlinzeka ngamafutha - umjovo, umjovo osabalalisiwe. Ayifuni inombolo ye-octane kaphethiloli, kodwa kuphethiloli we-AI-95, zonke izici ezishumekwe enjini zivezwa ngezinga elikhulu.
Ngokuvamile, uhlelo alunangqondo, kodwa kunesidingo sokugcwalisa ngophethiloli ohlanzekile, ngoba ngaphandle kwalokho ama-nozzles angase avale.
Isistimu yokugcoba i-classic, ihlangene. Iphampu kawoyela yohlobo lweRotary. Ishayelwa yi-crankshaft. Awekho ama-nozzles kawoyela okupholisa ama-piston bottoms.
Ezogesi. I-Bosch Motronic ME7.5.10 uhlelo lwamandla. Izimfuno eziphezulu zenjini kuma-spark plugs ziyaphawulwa. Amakhandlela oqobo (101 000 033 AA) afika nama-electrode amathathu, ngakho lesi simo kufanele sinakwe lapho kukhethwa ama-analogue. Ama-spark plug angalungile anyusa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Ikhoyili yokuthungela ikhandlela ngalinye.
Injini inokulawula nge-elekthronikhi i-pedal pedal.
Abaqambi bakwazile ukuhlanganisa yonke imingcele eyinhloko kuyunithi ye-dynamics enhle yokushayela.
Igrafu ibonisa ukuncika kwamandla kanye netorque yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi enanini lama-revolution.
Технические характеристики
| Umkhiqizi | I-Volkswagen Auto Concern |
| Unyaka wokukhishwa | 1996 |
| Ivolumu, cm³ | 1390 |
| Amandla, l. Nge | 75 |
| I-Torque, Nm | 126 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 10.5 |
| Isilinda block | aluminium |
| Inani lamasilinda | 4 |
| Ikhanda lesilinda | aluminium |
| I-oda lomjovo wamafutha | 1-3-4-2 |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 76.5 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 75.6 |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | ibhande (2) |
| Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye | 4 (DOHC) |
| I-Turbocharging | akukho |
| Izinxephezelo zeHydraulic | kuyinto |
| Isilawuli sesikhathi se-valve | akukho |
| Umthamo wesistimu yokuthambisa, l | 3.2 |
| Amafutha afakwe | I-5W-30 |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha (kubalwa), l / 1000 km | ukuze 0,5 |
| Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli | umjovo, umjovo wembobo |
| I-Fuel | uphethiloli AI-95 |
| Amazinga ezemvelo | Euro 3 |
| Insiza, ngaphandle. km | 250 |
| Indawo: | phambene |
| Ukushuna (okungenzeka), l. Nge | 200 * |
* ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwensiza - kufika kumalitha angama-90. Nge
Ukuthembeka, ubuthakathaka, ukugcina
Ukuthembeka
Kuyisiko ukwahlulela ukwethembeka kwanoma iyiphi injini ngensiza yayo kanye nesilinganiso sokuphepha. Lapho bekhuluma ngezinkundla, abanikazi bezimoto bakhuluma nge-BCA njengemoto ethembekile nengenasizotha.
Ngakho, iMistreX (St. Petersburg) iyabhala: “… ayiphuli, ayiwadli amafutha futhi ayiwudli uphethiloli. Yini enye eyenzayo? Nginayo kwa-Skoda futhi u-200000 oshaya yonke into enhle kakhulu! Wahamba emzini, nasemgwaqweni omkhulu oya edalnyak".
Inqwaba yabashayeli idonsela ukunaka ekuncikeni kwesisetshenziswa ekunakekeleni injini okufika ngesikhathi nasezingeni eliphezulu. Baphikisana ngokuthi ngesimo sengqondo sokuqaphela imoto, ungakwazi ukufeza i-mileage okungenani izinkulungwane ezingama-400 km, kodwa izinkomba ezinjalo zidinga ukuqaliswa kwazo zonke izincomo zesondlo.
Omunye wabanikazi bezimoto (u-Anton) uthi: “… Mina ngokwami ngashayela imoto ka-2001. enenjini enjalo 500 km ngaphandle kwemali kanye nanoma yikuphi ukungenelela".
Umkhiqizi uqapha ngokucophelela imikhiqizo yayo futhi ngokushesha uthatha izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka kwayo. Ngakho-ke, kuze kube ngu-1999, inqwaba yezindandatho zokukhuhla uwoyela ezinesici zanikezwa.
Ngemva kokutholakala kwegebe elinjalo, umphakeli wamasongo washintshwa. Inkinga ngamaringi ivaliwe.
Ngokombono ongavumelananga wabanikazi bezimoto, isisetshenziswa esiphelele se-injini ye-BCA engu-1.4 litre ingamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-400-450 ngaphambi kokulungiswa okulandelayo.
Ukuphepha kwenjini kukuvumela ukuthi ukhuphule amandla ayo afinyelele ku-200 litres. amandla. Kodwa ukulungisa okunjalo kuzonciphisa kakhulu i-mileage yeyunithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ushintsho olubi kakhulu lwenjini luzodingeka, ngenxa yalokho izici zenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi zizoshintshwa. Isibonelo, amazinga emvelo azokwehliswa abe okungenani i-Euro 2.
Ngokukhanyisa i-ECU, ungakwazi ukwandisa amandla eyunithi ngo-15-20%. Lokhu ngeke kuthinte insiza, kodwa ezinye izici zizoshintsha (izinga elifanayo lokuhlanzwa kwegesi yokukhipha umoya).
Izindawo ezibuthakathaka
Kuwo wonke amaphuzu abuthakathaka, okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthathwa kwamafutha (umamukeli kawoyela). Ezimweni eziningi, ngemva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100, igridi yayo iyavaleka.
Ukucindezela kwamafutha ohlelweni lokugcoba kuqala ukuncipha, okuholela kancane kancane ekulambeni kwamafutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isithombe siyadabukisa kakhulu - i-camshaft igxilile, ibhande lesikhathi liphukile, ama-valve agobile, injini ishintshiwe.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokugwema imiphumela echaziwe - ukuthululela uwoyela wekhwalithi ephezulu enjinini futhi ngezikhathi ezithile uhlanza igridi eyamukela uwoyela. Kunzima, kuyabiza, kodwa kushibhe kakhulu kunokulungiswa kabusha kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi.
Yebo, ezinye izinkinga zenzeka enjinini, kodwa azisabalele. Ngamanye amazwi, kungaba okungalungile ukuwabiza ngamaphuzu abuthakathaka.
Ngokwesibonelo, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukunqwabelana kwamafutha emithonjeni yamakhandlela. Iphutha i-sealant egoqiwe phakathi kwesisekelo se-camshaft nekhanda lesilinda. Ukushintsha uphawu kuxazulula inkinga.
Ngokuvamile kuba khona ukuvaleka okuyisisekelo kwama-nozzles. Kunezinkinga zokuqalisa injini, izinguquko ezingazinzile zenzeka, ukuqhunyiswa, ukudubula okungalungile (okuthathu) kungenzeka. Isizathu siseqophelweni eliphansi likaphethiloli. Ukukhipha imibhobho kuqeda inkinga.
Akuvamile, kodwa kuyanda ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela. U-Olegarkh wabhala ngokomzwelo ngenkinga enjalo kwenye yezinkundla: “... motor 1,4. Ngadla uwoyela emabhakedeni - ngadiliza injini, ngashintsha i-oil scraper, ngafaka amasongo amasha. Yilokho, inkinga iphelile".
Ukulondolozeka
Omunye wemisebenzi eyaxazululwa ekwakhiweni kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kwaba ukuthi kungenzeka ukululama kalula ngisho nangemva kokuwohloka okukhulu kweyunithi. Futhi wayeseqedile. Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kwabanikazi bezimoto, ukulungiswa kwemoto akubangeli ubunzima.
Ngisho nokulungiswa kwe-aluminium cylinder block kuyatholakala. Ngeke kube nezinkinga ngokuthengwa kwezinamathiselo, kanye nezinye izingxenye ezisele. Okuwukuphela kwento okudingeka uyinake wukungafaki amathuba okuthenga imikhiqizo yomgunyathi. Ikakhulukazi Chinese eyenziwe.
Ngendlela, ukulungiswa kwenjini okugcwele ngokugcwele kungenziwa kuphela ngezingxenye ezisele zangempela. Ama-analogues, kanye nalawo atholwe ku-disassembly, ngeke aholele kumphumela oyifunayo.
Kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu, ezimbili eziyinhloko. Ama-analogue wezingxenye eziyisipele awahambisani ngaso sonke isikhathi nekhwalithi edingekayo, futhi izingxenye ezivela ekuhlakazweni zingase zibe nensiza encane kakhulu eyinsalela.
Njengoba kunikezwe umklamo olula wenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, ingabuye ilungiswe egaraji. Yiqiniso, lokhu akudingi nje isifiso sokulondoloza ekulungiseni, kodwa futhi nesipiliyoni sokwenza umsebenzi onjalo, ulwazi olukhethekile, amathuluzi nezakhiwo.
Isibonelo, akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo, kodwa umenzi wenqabela ukufaka esikhundleni se-crankshaft noma amalayini ayo ngokuhlukana ne-cylinder block. Lokhu kubangelwa ukufakwa ngokucophelela kwe-shaft nama-bearings ayinhloko ku-block. Ngakho-ke, zishintsha kuphela eqoqweni.
Ukulungiswa kweVolkswagen BCA akuphakamisi imibuzo esikhungweni senkonzo. Ochwepheshe bajwayelene kahle nezincwadi zokunakekela izinjini ezinjalo.
Kwezinye izimo, ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukucabangela inketho yokuthenga injini yenkontileka. Uhla lwamanani lubanzi impela - kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-28 kuye kwangama-80. Konke kuncike ekucushweni, unyaka wokukhiqiza, imayela kanye nenani lezinye izici.
Injini ye-Volkswagen BCA iyonke yaphumelela futhi, esimweni sengqondo esanele ngayo, ijabulisa umnikazi wayo ngomthombo omude nokusebenza komnotho.
