Injini ye-VAZ-21213

Ngobuningi be-SUV Lada Niva, kwakudingeka iyunithi yamandla enokwethenjelwa futhi eqinile. Onjiniyela be-AvtoVAZ bakwazile ukuyiklama nokuyisebenzisa.

Incazelo

Ngo-1994, abakhi injini Vaz athuthukiswe futhi yethulwa ekukhiqizeni entsha (ngaleso sikhathi) injini, eziqokiwe Vaz-21213. Idizayini yayo yenzeke ngokuhambisana nokwakhiwa kwemoto yeLada VAZ-2107, kodwa ukufakwa kuqala kwanikezwa i-Niva SUV.

Injini ye-VAZ-21213 iyi-in-line kaphethiloli ene-cylinder aspirated enevolumu engu-1.7 amalitha namandla angu-78,9 amalitha. netorque engu-127 Nm.

Kufakwe ezimotweni ze-Lada:

• 2129 (1994-1996);
• 4x4 Niva 2121 (1997-2019);
• 4x4 Bronto (1995-2011);
• I-Niva Pickup (1995-2019).

Ukwengeza, ingatholakala ngaphansi kwe-hood ye-Lada Nadezhda, i-Lada 21213 ne-Lada 21313. Ku-Ladas 21214, 21044 kanye ne-21074, yathunyelwa phesheya.

Abashayeli abaningi bayaqiniseka ukuthi i-VAZ-21213 akuyona into engaphezu kwe-VAZ-2121 "nesithukuthezi". Umbono onjalo uyiphutha. Iqiniso liwukuthi Vaz-21213 - intuthuko entsha ngokuphelele. Lapho idalwa, kwasetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obusha obusetshenziswa ku-2101-2106 yakudala, idizili ne-front-wheel drive 2108.

I-cylinder block ngokwesiko iyinsimbi ecijile, ayilayini. Phansi kukhona ama-crankshaft bearings amahlanu. Amagobolondo amakhulu athwala insimbi-aluminium. Ibhulokhi inosayizi ababili wokulungisa - 82,4 no-82,8. Ngakho-ke, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ye-VAZ-21213 ingakwazi ukwenza ama-overhauls amabili ngaphandle kobuhlungu.

I-crankshaft yenziwe nge-ductile iron. Ifakwe ama-counterweights ayisishiyagalombili ukuze kwehliswe amandla e-inertial e-oda lesibili abangela ukudlidliza kwenjini. I-sprocket yesikhathi kanye ne-pulley yokushayela yamayunithi okunamathiselwe (ipompo, i-generator, isiteringi samandla) kufakwa ozwaneni lwe-crankshaft. I-flywheel ixhunywe kolunye uhlangothi.

I-crankshaft yesobunxele i-VAZ-2103, kwesokudla - i-VAZ-21213

Izinduku zensimbi. Ama-bearings (ama-insert) ekhanda eliphansi yi-steel-aluminium, engaphezulu i-steel-bronze bushing. Ngenxa yegebe elincane kakhulu emahlathini, i-cap yenduku yokuxhuma ayikwazi ukutshekiswa ngesikhathi somhlangano, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba nezinkinga ngokufaka i-lubrication. Ikhanda eliphezulu lenzelwa iphinikhodi yepiston elintantayo.

Ama-pistons angama-original, i-aluminium, anezindandatho ezintathu, ezimbili zazo ziyi-compression, enye i-oil scraper. Ikhefu elingezansi liyigumbi elivuthayo elingeziwe (eliyinhloko litholakala ekhanda le-cylinder). Uhlobo oluntantayo lwephini le-piston, elihlanganiswe neziyingi ezimbili.

Ikhanda lesilinda liyi-original, i-aluminium. Ifakwe i-camshaft eyodwa nama-valve angu-8. Izinxephezelo ze-valve hydraulic azinikeziwe, ngakho-ke igebe elishisayo kufanele lilungiswe ngesandla njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-7-10. I-gasket elahlwayo eqiniswe ngensimbi ifakwe phakathi kwebhulokhi nekhanda.

I-camshaft yenziwe ngensimbi. Igibele phezu kwezinsika ezinhlanu. Inomumo okhethekile wamakhamera, ohlinzeka ngokuvuleka okude kwama-valve okungena. Lokhu okusha kuholela ekugcwalisweni okuthuthukisiwe kwegumbi lomlilo ngenhlanganisela yokusebenza, okubuye kwandise amandla eyunithi yamandla.

Isikhathi se-chain drive. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza, kusetshenziswa i-tensioner entsha yokuklama enezicathulo ezinde. Ukwelula iketango kubangela ukuthi ama-valve agobe futhi aphule ipiston lapho ithintana.

Isistimu yokugcoba ehlanganisiwe. Iphampu kawoyela yohlobo lwegiya.

Amafutha okuqala anconywe umenzi yi-Lukoil Lux 10W-30 noma i-10W-40. Kusuka kokungewona okwangempela, ukukhetha kunganikezwa kumikhiqizo yasekhaya iRosneft, G-Energy neGazpromneft.

I-Carburetor fuel supply system. Ukuqamba okusha ukusetshenziswa kwe-21073 Solex carburetor.

Isistimu yokushisa ayithinteki ngekhoyili eyodwa evamile ye-high-voltage. Amakhandlela anconyiwe - AU17DVRM noma BCPR6ES (NGK).

Amasistimu nama-node asele ahlala e-classical.

Технические характеристики

Umkhiqizi	Autoconcern "AvtoVAZ"
Unyaka wokukhishwa	1994
Ivolumu, cm³	1690
Amandla, l. Nge	78.9
I-Torque, Nm	127
Isilinganiso sokucindezela	9.3
Isilinda block	Insimbi
Inani lamasilinda	4
I-oda lomjovo wamafutha	1-3-4-2
Ikhanda lesilinda	aluminium
Ububanzi besilinda, mm	82
Piston unhlangothi, mm	80
Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye	2
Isikhathi sokushayela	uchungechunge
I-Turbocharging	akukho
Izinxephezelo zeHydraulic	akukho
Isilawuli sesikhathi se-valve	akukho
Umthamo wesistimu yokuthambisa, l.	3.75
Amafutha afakwe	5W30, 5W40, 10W40, 15W40
Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli	carburetor
I-Fuel	uphethiloli AI-92
Amazinga ezemvelo	Euro 0
Insiza, ngaphandle. km	80
Indawo:	i-longitudinal
Isisindo kg	117
Ukushuna (okungenzeka), l. Nge	200 *

*ngaphandle kokunciphisa insiza 80 l. Nge.

Ukuthembeka, ubuthakathaka, ukugcina

Ukuthembeka

Izingxoxo zabanikazi bezimoto ngokuthembeka kweVAZ-21213 azikwazi ukuncishiswa zibe yisixazululo esicacile kule ndaba. Abanye bathambekele ekukucabangeni "okuntekenteke", kuyinkinga futhi akuthembekile. Kodwa iningi linombono ophambene.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umenzi akazange anqume impilo ende yesevisi, abashayeli abaningi bezimoto bathi idlulile. Ngokwemvelo, kuncike kuma-nuances athile.

Ngakho, uDmitry wasedolobheni laseKushva uyabhala: “...iminyaka eyi-10 ngashintsha i-carburetor kuphela, kodwa ama-wheel bearings, okunye - kuma-trifles: i-faucet esitofu, i-thermostat, isilayidi sishiswe izikhathi eziningana.". UVovan uvumelana naye ngokugcwele: “...wahamba izinkulungwane ezingama-282, washintsha amasethi amabili amabhola ahlangene kanye nesethi eyodwa yezinsimbi zokuqondisa, azibange zisaba izinkinga". Ukubuyekezwa okuthakazelisayo ngalesi sihloko kubhalwe ngu-Sergey wasedolobhaneni. U-Almetevsky (KhMAO): "...idlule i-112000km izingxenye zenjini nama-assemblies endabuko. Ngashintsha kuphela amakhava okuvikela kanye nezinqamuleli zokushaqeka nelinye ibhethri".

Ngakho-ke, ukweqa insiza ye-mileage kukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthembeka kwenjini.

Okubaluleke ngokufanayo isitayela sokusebenza kwenjini. Ngokuvamile ekubuyekezweni kwabanikazi bezimoto ungafunda ukuthi "ekuqaleni ngashayela ngesivinini 140 km / h, khona-ke injini waqala ukuthatha". Akukho ongakusho ukuvikela injini. Umgibeli ogijimayo ukhubaza injini ngamabomu, bese ememezela ukungathembeki kwayo. Ngokusobala akubona bonke abashayeli abaqondayo ukuthi i-Niva akuyona imoto yomjaho.

Ukuhambisana nazo zonke izincomo zomkhiqizi wokusebenza kwenjini kukhulisa kakhulu ukuthembeka kwayo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, insiza emenyezelwe.

Izindawo ezibuthakathaka

Ukuba khona kwazo kuyisici sayo yonke injini. Ku-VAZ-21213, zingafinyezwa ngamaqembu amane amakhulu.

• Ukushisa ngokweqile. Ingabangelwa i-thermostat engalungile noma i-radiator engcolile. Ukungasebenzi kahle kuqedwa kalula ngumnikazi wemoto ngokwakhe.

Umphumela wokushisa ngokweqile

• Ukwenzeka kwemisindo nokungqongqoza okungagunyaziwe. Lokhu kudinga ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezingxenye eziningi zenjini. Ama-valve angalungiswanga kahle, ukungasebenzi kahle ekushayeleni isikhathi (izinkinga kuma-dampers noma ama-chain tensioners), ukugqokwa kwezikhonkwane ze-piston, izinsimbi eziyinhloko noma zokuxhuma ziyimbangela yomsindo okhulayo we-motor. Ukuxilongwa esiteshini esikhethekile kuzoveza imbangela yangempela yokungasebenzi kahle okuvelile.
• Ukuvuza kwamafutha nokupholisa. Isizathu sokuvela kwabo ubuthakathaka bokuqina kokuxhunywa kwamapayipi kanye nokulahlekelwa kokuqina kwama-gaskets noma izimpawu. Uma ukuvuza koketshezi lobuchwepheshe kutholakala, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ngokushesha ukuze kuqedwe.
• Ingxenye kagesi. Ijeneretha nesiqalisi sinempilo emfushane yesevisi. Lapha, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokulungisa inkinga ukuwashintsha.

Ukuze unciphise imiphumela emibi yokubonakaliswa kobuthakathaka, kuyadingeka ukuthatha izinyathelo zokutholwa nokuqedwa kwazo ngesikhathi.

Ukulondolozeka

Ukulungiswa injini Vaz-21213 akubangeli ubunzima. Ingenziwa ngisho nasezimweni zegaraji. Ukuphazamiseka okuthile kubangelwa ukungabikho kwama-liner kumasilinda. Ukuze kulungiswe ngokuphelele, i-cylinder block kuzodingeka ihanjiswe ebhizinisini, lapho izobe isithukuthezi, igaywe futhi iphuculwe.

Ukukhethwa nokuthengwa kwezingxenye ezisele ukuze zilungiswe akunankinga. Okuwukuphela kwesincomo ukuthi ungagijimi mbumbulu uma uzithengela wena. Ukuchichima kwezimpahla zomgunyathi emakethe kubangela ubunzima obuthile kubanikazi bezimoto abangenalwazi.

Ukuze usebenze ngempumelelo injini ngemuva kokulungiswa ngesikhathi sokubuyiselwa, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa kuphela izingxenye zangempela nezingxenye.

Ngaphambi kokuba wenze ukulungisa okukhulu ngokugcwele, udinga ukubala ngokucophelela nangokucophelela izindleko zempahla engenzeka. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuthengwa kwenjini yenkontileka kube yindlela enenzuzo eyengeziwe.

I-VAZ-21213 iyiyunithi yamandla ethembeke ngokuphelele futhi engenasizotha enokuphatha kahle. Isevisi efika ngesikhathi kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu izokwandisa kakhulu isikhathi sokusebenza kwayo okungaphazamiseki, yandise insiza yokusebenza.