Injini VAZ-1111, VAZ-11113
Okuqukethwe
Iyunithi yamandla ekhethekile yenzelwe imoto encane yokuqala ye-VAZ. Okusanda kwakhiwa futhi kwafakwa ekukhiqizeni i-VAZ-2108 kwathathwa njengesisekelo.
Incazelo
Abakhi benjini ye-AvtoVAZ banikezwe umsebenzi onzima kakhulu - ukudala injini ehlangene yemodeli entsha yokukhathazeka kwe-Lada 1111 Oka.
Izidingo eziqinile zabekwa enjinini - kufanele ibe lula ekwakhiweni, ethembekile ekusebenzeni futhi ibe nokugcinwa okuphezulu.
Ngemva kwemizamo engaphumelelanga ngokuphelele yokukopisha izimboni zamandla amancane zakwamanye amazwe, onjiniyela besikhungo banquma ukwakha injini ngokusekelwe ezinjinini zabo.
Ngomnotho wokukhiqiza kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zeyunithi ngokwayo, i-VAZ-2108 evele ikhiqizwa ithathwe njengemodeli eyisisekelo.
Ngo-1988, abaklami bethula ikhophi yokuqala yenjini ye-VAZ-1111 edalwe. Isampula yamukelwa abaphathi futhi yafakwa ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi. Ukukhululwa kwe-motor kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngu-1996. Ngalesi sikhathi, iyunithi yathuthukiswa ngokuphindaphindiwe, kodwa uhlelo lokuklama lwahlala lufana.
Vaz-1111 - ezimbili cylinder uphethiloli aspirated injini umthamo 0,65 amalitha, umthamo 30 amalitha. nge-torque engu-44 Nm.
Eqinisweni, ingxenye yenjini engu-1,3 litre Vaz-2108. Kusukela ngo-1988 kuya ku-1996 yafakwa ku-Lada Oka.
I-cylinder block yenziwa nge-ductile iron. Ayigqokile imikhono. Amasilinda abhobokile emzimbeni webhulokhi. Phansi kukhona ama-crankshaft bearings amathathu.
I-crankshaft yenziwe nge-magnesium cast iron. Kufaka phakathi amajenali amathathu enduku ayinhloko namabili ahlanganisayo ngokucubungula kwawo okunembayo okuphezulu.
Izihlathi ezine ze-shaft zisebenza njenge-counterweight ukuze kuncishiswe amandla angenayo we-oda lesibili (ukunciphisa ukudlidliza kokudlidliza kwe-torsional). Ukwengeza, ama-balance shaft afakwe enjinini nokwamukela ukuzungezisa kusuka ku-crankshaft asebenzela injongo efanayo.
Esinye isici ikhono lokupheqa i-flywheel. Ngokugqoka kwamazinyo omqhele ohlangothini olulodwa, kwaba nokwenzeka ukusebenzisa ingxenye engagqokile.
Amapiston e-aluminium, enziwe ngokulandela uhlelo lwendabuko. Zinezindandatho ezintathu, ezimbili zazo ziyi-compression, eyodwa i-oil scraper. Umunwe ontantayo. Phansi alinazo izikhala ezikhethekile zama-valve. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthintana nalaba bamuva, ukugoba kwabo akunakugwenywa.
Ikhanda lebhulokhi yi-aluminium. Engxenyeni engenhla kukhona i-camshaft ne-valve mechanism. Isilinda ngasinye sinamavalvu amabili.
Isici somshini wesikhathi ukungabikho kwamabheringi e-camshaft. Zithathelwa indawo yizindawo zokusebenza zemibhede yokunamathisela. Ngakho-ke, lapho begqoke umkhawulo, kuyadingeka ukufaka esikhundleni sekhanda lonke le-cylinder.
Isikhathi sokushayela ibhande. Insiza yebhande ayiphezulu - ngemuva kokugijima kwezinkulungwane ezingama-60 km kufanele ishintshwe.
Isistimu yokugcoba ehlanganisiwe. Iphampu yamafutha iyashintshaniswa nepompo evela ku-VAZ-2108, futhi isihlungi samafutha sisuka ku-VAZ-2105. Isici sohlelo ukuvinjelwa okuqinile kwamafutha achichimayo ngaphezu kokujwayelekile (2,5 l).
Uphethiloli supply uhlelo carbureted phezu Vaz-1111, kodwa kwakukhona uhlelo umjovo (ku Vaz-11113). Iphampu kaphethiloli ihlukile kumodeli yesisekelo ekuqondeni nasebubanzini bokufakwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idrayivu yayo ithole ushintsho - esikhundleni sikagesi, isibe ngumshini.
Ukuthungela nge-elekthronikhi, okungaxhunywanga. Isici sesici ukuthi i-voltage isetshenziswa kuwo womabili amakhandlela ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ngokuvamile, i-VAZ-1111 yabonakala ihlangene, inamandla kakhulu futhi iyonga. Izinkomba ezinjalo zifinyelelwa ngenxa yegumbi lomlilo elithuthukisiwe, isilinganiso esikhulayo sokucindezela, nokukhethwa okuhle kokulungiswa kokunikezwa kukaphethiloli kanye nezinhlelo zokuthungela.
Ukwengeza, ukulahlekelwa kwemishini kuncipha ngokunciphisa inani lamasilinda.
Технические характеристики
| Umkhiqizi | Autoconcern "AvtoVAZ" |
| Unyaka wokukhishwa | 1988 |
| Ivolumu, cm³ | 649 |
| Amandla, l. Nge | 30 |
| I-Torque, Nm | 44 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 9.9 |
| Isilinda block | Insimbi |
| Inani lamasilinda | 2 |
| Ikhanda lesilinda | aluminium |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 76 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 71 |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | ibhande |
| Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye | 2 (OHV) |
| I-Turbocharging | akukho |
| Izinxephezelo zeHydraulic | akukho |
| Isilawuli sesikhathi se-valve | akukho |
| Umthamo wesistimu yokuthambisa, l | 2.5 |
| Amafutha afakwe | I-5W-30 |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha (kubalwa), l / 1000 km | n / a |
| Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli | carburetor |
| I-Fuel | uphethiloli AI-92 |
| Amazinga ezemvelo | Euro 0 |
| Insiza, ngaphandle. km | 150 |
| Isisindo kg | 63.5 |
| Indawo: | phambene |
| Ukushuna (okungenzeka), l. Nge | 33 * |
* ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, umenzi akancomi ukwandisa amandla enjini.
Izici zedivayisi ye-VAZ-11113
I-VAZ-11113 inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-VAZ-1111. Ukubukeka kwama-motor kuyafana, ngaphandle kwenguqulo yomjovo.
Ukugcwaliswa kwangaphakathi kwe-VAZ-11113 kuye kwashintsha kakhulu. Okokuqala, ububanzi be-piston bukhuphukile kusuka ku-76 kuya ku-81 mm. Ngenxa yalokhu, ivolumu (749 cm³), amandla (33 hp) kanye ne-torque (50 Nm) inyuke kancane. Njengoba ubona, azikho izinguquko ezibalulekile ezicini zobuchwepheshe.
Okwesibili, ukuthuthukisa ukukhishwa kokushisa ezindaweni zokuhlikihla, kwakudingeka ukuklama isistimu yokupholisa eyengeziwe yegumbi elivuthayo. Ngaphandle kwayo, ukugxuma kwamapiston kwabonwa, ukugoqa kwezindonga zamasilinda kwanda futhi kwavela nokunye ukungasebenzi kahle okubangelwa ukushisa kwenjini.
Ukuhlomisa isistimu yokuphakelwa kwamandla nge-injector akukatholi ukusetshenziswa okubanzi. Ngo-2005, kwakhiqizwa inqwaba elinganiselwe yezinjini ezinjalo, kodwa kwaba yisivivinyo futhi kuphela, njengoba kwakukhona izinkinga eziningi kanye nesidingo sokuthuthukiswa.
Ngokuvamile, i-VAZ-11113 ifana ne-VAZ-1111.
Ukuthembeka, ubuthakathaka, ukugcina
Ukuthembeka
Naphezu kobukhulu obuncane kanye nokuba khona kobuthakathaka, abanikazi bezimoto babheka i-VAZ-1111 njengenjini ethembekile, eyongayo futhi engenasizotha. Ukubuyekezwa okuningi kuwukuqinisekisa okucacile kwalokho osekushiwo.
Ngokwesibonelo, uVladimir wabhala:… imayela 83400 km … nganelisekile, angizazi izinkinga. Iqala kalula ngo -25. Ngishintsha uwoyela ngemuva kwezinkulungwane ezingama-5-6 km ...".
UDmitriy: "… injini ithembekile futhi ayithobekile. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, angikaze ngigibele kukho. Iphenduka ngokushesha okukhulu. I-dynamics ayimbi, ikakhulukazi kimi - umthandi wokugibela ezolile futhi ngokucophelela. Uma kudingekile, imoto ngesivinini 120 km / h. Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha kuncane. Ngamalitha ayi-10 edolobheni ungashayela isilinganiso esingu-160-170 km ...".
Abashayeli abaningi bezimoto baphawula ukuthi ukuphuka kwezinjini akwenzeki kaningi, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokugada komshayeli ngokwakhe. Ukunakwa njalo injini - futhi ngeke kube nezinkinga. Ungafunda ngakho cishe kukho konke ukubuyekezwa.
Yebo, kukhona nokuphawula okungekuhle. Isibonelo sokubuyekezwa okunjalo okuvela ku-NEMO: "... i-commutator efa phakade kanye nekhoyili ephindwe kabili, i-carburetor echichimayo, lapho izinaliti ziyinto esetshenziswayo, kodwa kusukela ku--42 endaweni yokupaka kuqinisekile ...". Kodwa ukubuyekezwa okunjalo (okubi) kumbalwa.
Lapho benza injini ibe yesimanje, abaklami babeka isici sokwethembeka phambili. Ngakho, ngemva kokunye ukubuyekezwa, i-crankshaft nama-camshafts athembeke kakhulu.
Ibanga elimenyezelwe umenzi nalo likhombisa ukuthembeka kwemoto.
Izindawo ezibuthakathaka
Naphezu kokunciphisa izilinganiso ze-motor, kwakungenakwenzeka ukugwema amaphuzu abuthakathaka.
Ukudlidliza. Naphezu kwemizamo eyakhayo (ukufakwa kwe-balance shafts, i-crankshaft ekhethekile), kwakungenakwenzeka ukuqeda lesi simo enjinini. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokwanda kokudlidliza ukwakheka kweyunithi enamasilinda amabili.
Ngokuvamile, abashayeli bezimoto bakhathazekile ngokuthi akunakwenzeka ukuqala injini "eshisayo". Lapha, ezimweni eziningi, iphutha likupompo likaphethiloli, noma kunalokho, i-diaphragm yayo eyinkinga.
Ukuze uqale ngempumelelo, udinga ukulinda isikhashana (kuze kube yilapho ipompo ipholisa phansi noma, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, faka i-rag emanzi kuyo). Kunconywa ukufaka esikhundleni se-diaphragm yepompo.
Amathuba okushisa ngokweqile. Kuvela ngenxa yephampu yamanzi noma i-thermostat. Ikhwalithi ephansi yezingxenye, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlangana ngokunganaki, kuyisisekelo sokuhluleka kwalawa mayunithi.
Umnikazi wemoto angakwazi kuphela ukulawula izinga lokushisa lokupholisa ngokucophelela futhi abuyisele izingxenye ezinephutha ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ingqongqoza engxenyeni yenjini lapho injini isebenza. Imbangela kufanele ifunwe kuma-valve angalawulwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho injini ifudumala ngemva kokuba iqalisiwe, ama-balance shaft ngokuvamile angqongqoza. Lesi isici sokuklama senjini okuzothatha ukujwayela.
I-gasket yekhanda lesilinda elishisiwe. Kungenzeka ngenxa yesici sokukhiqiza esihlotshaniswa nokufakwa noma uma ukubopha ikhanda kungalungile (hhayi ngokuphelele) kuqiniswe.
Ngenjini ye-VAZ-11113, iphuzu elibuthakathaka elengeziwe liwukwehluleka ekusebenzeni kwe-electronics, ikakhulukazi izinzwa. Inkinga ingaxazululwa kuphela yisevisi yemoto.
Ukulondolozeka
Njengazo zonke izinjini ze-VAZ, ukugcinwa kwe-VAZ-1111 kuphezulu. Ezingxoxweni ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, abanikazi bezimoto bagcizelela ngokuphindaphindiwe leli thuba elihle.
Isibonelo, i-Nord2492 yaseKrasnoyarsk ithi ngakho: "... ngokungathobeki ekulungiseni, egaraji usuku lonke ungakwazi ukuhlunga / ukususa / ukubeka konke ...".
Ukuze ubuyisele inani elikhulu lezingxenye nezingxenye, ungathatha ngokuphepha kumodeli eyisisekelo ye-VAZ-2108. Okuhlukile kuyizinto ezithile - i-crankshaft, i-camshaft, njll.
Azikho izinkinga ngokusesha izingxenye ezisele zokubuyiselwa. Kunoma isiphi isitolo esikhethekile ungahlala uthola esifanele. Lapho uthenga, udinga ukunaka umenzi wengxenye ethengiwe noma umhlangano.
Kulezi zinsuku, i-aftermarket igcwele imikhiqizo yomgunyathi. AmaShayina asebenza kahle kakhulu kulokhu. Kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi abakhiqizi bethu abangathembekile nabo bahlinzeka ngamanga amaningi emakethe.
Izinga lokulungiswa lincike ngokuphelele ekusetshenzisweni kwezingxenye ezisele zangempela kuphela. Awukwazi ukufaka ama-analogue esikhundleni sazo. Uma kungenjalo, umsebenzi wokulungisa uzodingeka uphindwe, futhi usuvele ube nomthamo omkhulu. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, izindleko zokulungisa okwesibili zizoba phezulu.
Ngenjini eguge ngokuphelele, kuyancomeka ukuthi ucabangele inketho yokuthenga injini yenkontileka. Amanani abo awaphezulu, kuye ngonyaka wokukhiqiza kanye nokucushwa kokunamathiselwe.
Injini ye-VAZ-1111 yamukeleka ekilasini layo. Ngenkonzo efika ngesikhathi futhi egcwele, ayibangeli izinkinga kubanikazi bezimoto.
