Injini ye-Toyota M20A-FKS
Ukubonakala kochungechunge ngalunye olujwayelekile lwamayunithi amandla amasha kuhlotshaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwabandulele. Injini ye-M20A-FKS yadalwa njengenye isixazululo kumamodeli akhiqizwa ngaphambilini ochungechunge lwe-AR.
Incazelo
I-ICE M20A-FKS iwumkhiqizo wokuthuthuka kokuvela kochungechunge olusha lwezinjini zikaphethiloli. Izici zedizayini zifaka izixazululo eziningi ezintsha ezithuthukisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza kahle kwamandla.
Injini yasungulwa ngabakhi benjini baseJapan beToyota Corporation ngo-2018. Kufakwe ezimotweni:
Ingu-2,0 litre inline 4-cylinder naturally aspirated petrol. Inezinga eliphezulu lokucindezela kanye nesistimu yomjovo kaphethiloli okabili.
Ukusebenza kahle kokuthatha kuhlinzekwa ngokushintsha kwe-engeli phakathi kwama-valve okungenisa nawokukhipha kanye nesistimu ye-D-4S, okuthi, kanye nokusebenza kahle okwandisiwe, kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi emkhathini. Ukusebenza kahle okushisayo kwenjini kufinyelela ku-40%.
I-cylinder block yenziwe nge-aluminium alloy. I-cylinder head nayo iyi-aluminium, kodwa ngokungafani nabangaphambi kwayo, inezihlalo zamavalvu ezifuthwe nge-laser.
Esinye isici esiphawulekayo se-CPG ubukhona be-laser notch esiketini se-piston.
Ibhande lesikhathi linamashafu amabili. Ukuze kube lula ukugcinwa kwayo ngesikhathi sokusebenza, izinxephezelo ze-hydraulic zethulwa ekwakhiweni. Umjovo wamafutha wenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili - kumachweba wokungenisa kanye namasilinda (D-4S system).
Injini ye-Toyota M20A-FKS ifakwe i-GRF (Particulate Filter) enciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwezinhlayiyana eziyingozi ekushisweni kukaphethiloli.
Isistimu yokupholisa ishintshiwe kancane - iphampu evamile ishintshiwe ngepompo kagesi. Ukusebenza kwe-thermostat kwenziwa ngokulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi (kusuka kukhompyutha).
Iphampu kawoyela eguquguqukayo ifakwa ohlelweni lokuthambisa.
Ukudambisa ukudlidliza kwenjini ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kusetshenziswa indlela yokulinganisa eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Технические характеристики
| Umndeni wakwa-Engine | Injini Yamandla Amandla |
|---|---|
| Ivolumu, cm³ | 1986 |
| Amandla, hp | 174 |
| I-Torque, Nm | 207 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 13 |
| Isilinda block | aluminium |
| Ikhanda lesilinda | aluminium |
| Inani lamasilinda | 4 |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 80,5 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 97,6 |
| Amasilinda ngesilinda ngasinye | 4 (DOHC) |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | uchungechunge |
| Isilawuli sesikhathi se-valve | I-Dual VVT-iE |
| Ukuba khona kwama-hydraulic lifters | + |
| Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli | I-D-4S (umjovo oxubile) uhlelo lwe-elekthronikhi |
| I-Fuel | Uphethiloli AI 95 |
| I-Turbocharging | akukho |
| Amafutha asetshenzisiwe ohlelweni lokuthambisa | I-Ow-30 (4,2 л.) |
| Ukukhishwa kwe-CO₂, g/km | 142-158 |
| Izinga lobuthi | Euro 5 |
| Insiza, km | 220000 |
Ukwethembeka, ubuthakathaka kanye nokugcinwa
Iyunithi yamandla ye-M20A-FKS inesikhathi esifushane isemakethe, ngakho-ke alukho ulwazi mayelana nokuthembeka kwayo okwamanje. Izinguquko eziningi kumklamo cishe zikhombisa ukwenziwa lula komsebenzi. Nakuba, lapha ungakwazi ukudweba ukufana - kulula ukusebenza, okuthembekile nakakhulu. Kodwa lokhu kufana cishe ku-ephemeral. Isibonelo, ngaphandle kokungena emininingwaneni, akulula ukuthethelela umcimbi onjengomjovo kaphethiloli. Umthamo onembile, ukusebenza kahle okwandisiwe, imvelo ethuthukisiwe yokuphuma kwemikhiqizo evuthayo kuholele ekwehleni kwesikhathi sokuthi uphethiloli uhwamuke ngaphambi kokungena kusilinda. Umphumela - injini isinamandla kakhulu, iyasebenza kakhulu ukonga, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuqala emazingeni okushisa aphansi kuye kwawohloka ngokuphawulekayo.
Ngendlela, ukuqala kanzima emazingeni okushisa aphansi kungenye yamaphuzu abuthakathaka ezinjini zanamuhla zaseJapane. Ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho, kunesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi uhlelo lokusabalalisa lwesigaba se-VVT-i nalo aluyona i-node eyanele ethembekile. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa yizimo eziningi lapho, ngemva kokugijima kwezinkulungwane ezingu-200 km, kwenzeka ukungqongqoza okuhlukahlukene, kuvela i-soot ku-multifolded.
Ngokwesiko, isixhumanisi esibuthakathaka ezinjinini zaseJapane ezivuthayo zangaphakathi kube yiphampu yamanzi. Kodwa uma kucatshangelwa ukushintshwa kwawo ngogesi, bekunethemba lokusilungisa lesi simo.
Idizayini eyinkimbinkimbi yesistimu yokuphakela uphethiloli (ukulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi, umjovo oxubile) nakho kungaba indawo ebuthakathaka enjinini.
Konke lokhu okucatshangelwayo okungenhla akukakaqinisekiswa ngamacala athile avela kumkhuba wokusebenzisa i-M20A-FKS.
Ukugcineka. I-cylinder block inesithukuthezi futhi inemikhono kabusha. Kumamodeli angaphambilini, umsebenzi onjalo wenziwa ngempumelelo. Ukushintsha ezinye izingxenye nezingxenye akunzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukushintshwa okukhulu kungenzeka kule motor.
Ukuhlwaya
Injini ye-M20A-FKS ingashunwa ngaphandle kokwenza izinguquko engxenyeni yayo engumshini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuxhuma imojula ye-pedal-box kusuka ku-DTE-systems (DTE PEDALBOX) kuya kusekethe kagesi ukuze ulawule i-pedal pedal. Ukufakwa kwe-booster kuwumsebenzi olula ongadingi ukuguqulwa kohlelo lokunikezwa kukaphethiloli. Izilungiselelo ze-ECU nazo zihlala zingashintshiwe.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukulungiswa kwe-chip kwandisa amandla enjini kancane, kuphela ukusuka ku-5 kuya ku-8%. Kunjalo, uma kumuntu lezi zibalo zibalulekile, inketho yokushuna izokwamukeleka. Kodwa, ngokusho kokubuyekezwa, injini ayitholi inzuzo enkulu.
Ayikho idatha kwezinye izinhlobo zokushuna (umkhathi, ukushintshwa kwepiston, njll.).
I-Toyota ikhiqiza injini yesizukulwane esisha ehlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zabathengi. Ukuthi zonke izinto ezintsha ezakhayo nezobuchwepheshe ezifakwe kuyo zizosebenza, isikhathi kuphela esiyosho.
