Injini yeToyota 3S-FSE
Okuqukethwe
Injini yeToyota 3S-FSE kuvele ukuthi ithuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe ngesikhathi ikhishwa. Lena iyunithi yokuqala lapho corporation Japanese ihlolwe D4 ngqo uphethiloli umjovo futhi wadala indlela entsha ekwakhiweni kwezinjini zezimoto. Kodwa ukwenziwa kwe-manufacturability kwaphenduka inkemba esika nhlangothi zombili, ngakho-ke i-FSE yathola izinkulungwane zezibuyekezo ezingezinhle futhi ezithukuthele kubanikazi.
Kubashayeli abaningi bezimoto, umzamo wokuzenzela uyadida. Ngisho nokukhipha i-pan ukushintsha uwoyela enjinini kunzima kakhulu ngenxa ye-fasteners ethize. Injini yaqala ukukhiqizwa ngo-1997. Lesi yisikhathi lapho iToyota yaqala ukuguqula ubuciko bezimoto ibe yibhizinisi elihle.
Izici eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe zenjini ye-3S-FSE
Injini yasungulwa ngesisekelo se-3S-FE, iyunithi elula futhi engenasizotha. Kodwa inani lezinguquko enguqulweni entsha laba likhulu impela. AmaJapane acwebezela ngokuqonda kwawo ukwenziwa kwezinto futhi afaka cishe yonke into engabizwa ngokuthi yesimanje ekuthuthukisweni okusha. Nokho, ezicini ungathola ukushiyeka okuthile.
Nawa amapharamitha ayinhloko enjini:
| Ukusebenza kwevolumu | I-2.0 l |
| Amandla enjini | 145 h.p. ngo-6000 ngomzuzu |
| I-Torque | 171-198 N * m ku-4400 rpm |
| Isilinda block | Insimbi |
| Vimba ikhanda | i-aluminium |
| Inani lamasilinda | 4 |
| Inani lama-valve | 16 |
| Ububanzi besilinda | 86 mm |
| Ukushaya kwesibhamu | 86 mm |
| Umjovo wephethiloli | ngokushesha D4 |
| Uhlobo lwamafutha | uphethiloli 95 |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha: | |
| – umjikelezo wedolobha | 10 l / 100 km |
| - umjikelezo suburban | 6.5 l / 100 km |
| Idrayivu yesistimu yesikhathi | ibhande |
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, le yunithi inomsuka omuhle kakhulu kanye nozalo oluphumelelayo. Kodwa akuqinisekisi nhlobo ukwethembeka ekusebenzeni ngemva kuka-250 km. Lena insiza encane kakhulu yezinjini zalesi sigaba, ngisho nokukhiqizwa kweToyota. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho izinkinga ziqala khona.
Kodwa-ke, ukulungiswa okukhulu kungenziwa, i-cast-iron block ayilahlwa. Futhi kulo nyaka wokukhiqiza, leli qiniso selivele libangela imizwelo ejabulisayo.
Le njini bayifake kwaToyota Corona Premio (1997-2001), Toyota Nadia (1998-2001), Toyota Vista (1998-2001), Toyota Vista Ardeo (2000-2001).
Izinzuzo zenjini ye-3S-FSE - yiziphi izinzuzo?
Ibhande lesikhathi lishintshwa kanye njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-1-90. Lena inguqulo evamile, kukhona ibhande elisebenzayo nelilula lapha, azikho izinkinga eziqondene neketanga. Amalebula asethwe ngokulandela imanuwali, awudingi ukusungula noma yini. Ikhoyili yokuthungela ithathwa ku-FE donor, ilula futhi isebenza isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Le yunithi yamandla inezinhlelo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezitholakalayo:
- i-generator enhle futhi, ngokuvamile, okunamathiselwe okuhle okungabangeli izinkinga ekusebenzeni;
- uhlelo lokusebenzisa isikhathi - vele ukhombe i-tensioner pulley ukuze uqhubekisele phambili impilo yebhande;
- umklamo olula - esiteshini bangabheka injini ngesandla noma bafunde amakhodi amaphutha ohlelweni lokuxilonga lwekhompyutha;
- iqembu elithembekile le-piston, elaziwa ngokungabikho kwezinkinga ngisho nangaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo;
- izici zebhethri ezikhethwe kahle, kwanele ukulandela izincomo zemboni yomkhiqizi.
Okungukuthi, injini ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi izinga eliphansi futhi alithembekile, uma kubhekwa izinzuzo zayo. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, abashayeli baphinde baqaphele ukusetshenziswa okuphansi kukaphethiloli, uma ungafaki ingcindezi enkulu ku-trigger. Indawo yama-node amakhulu wenkonzo nayo iyajabulisa. Kulula kakhulu ukufika kuzo, okunciphisa izindleko nempilo yesevisi ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa okujwayelekile. Kodwa ukulungisa egaraji uwedwa ngeke kube lula.
I-Cons kanye nebubi be-FSE - izinkinga eziyinhloko
Uchungechunge lwe-3S lwaziwa ngokuntuleka kwezinkinga ezinkulu zobuntwana, kodwa imodeli ye-FSE yagqama kubafowabo ngokukhathazayo. Inkinga iwukuthi ochwepheshe bakwaToyota banqume ukufaka zonke intuthuko ezazifanelekile ngaleso sikhathi ukuze zisebenze kahle futhi zibe nobungane bemvelo kulesi sikhungo sikagesi. Ngenxa yalokho, kunezinkinga eziningi ezingenakuxazululwa nganoma iyiphi indlela ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa injini. Nazi izinkinga ezimbalwa ezidumile:
- Isistimu kaphethiloli, kanye namakhandlela, idinga ukulungiswa njalo, imibhobho kufanele ihlanzwe cishe njalo.
- I-valve ye-EGR iyinto emisha embi, ivala ngaso sonke isikhathi. Isixazululo esingcono kakhulu kungaba ukuvala i-EGR futhi uyisuse ohlelweni lwe-exhaust.
- Ukuphenduka okuntantayo. Lokhu kwenzeka nakanjani ngamamotho, njengoba i-variable intake manifold ilahlekelwa ukunwebeka kwayo ngesikhathi esithile.
- Zonke izinzwa nezingxenye zikagesi ziyehluleka. Emayunithi eminyaka yobudala, inkinga yengxenye kagesi iba nkulu.
- Injini ngeke iqale uma kubanda noma ngeke iqale uma kushisa. Kuyafaneleka ukuhlunga isitimela sikaphethiloli, ukuhlanza ama-injection, i-USR, ukubuka amakhandlela.
- Iphampu ayisebenzi. Iphampu idinga ukushintshwa kanye nezingxenye zesistimu yesikhathi, okwenza kubize kakhulu ukulungisa.
Uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi ama-valve aku-3S-FSE agobile yini, kungcono ukuthi ungawahloli uma ususebenza. I-motor ayigcini nje ukugoba ama-valve lapho isikhathi siphuka, lonke ikhanda le-cylinder ngemva komcimbi onjalo liyalungiswa. Futhi izindleko zokubuyiselwa okunjalo zizoba phezulu kakhulu. Imvamisa emakhazeni kuyenzeka injini ingawubambi umlilo. Ukushintsha ama-spark plug kungase kuxazulule inkinga, kodwa futhi kufanelekile ukuhlola ikhoyili nezinye izingxenye zikagesi zokuthungela.
I-3S-FSE Amaphuzu Avelele Wokulungisa Nokulungisa
Ekulungiseni, kufanelekile ukucabangela ubunkimbinkimbi bezinhlelo zemvelo. Ezimweni eziningi, kubiza kakhulu ukukhubaza nokuwasusa kunokuwalungisa nokuwahlanza. Iqoqo lezimpawu, njenge-cylinder block gasket, kufanelekile ukuthenga ngaphambi kwe-capital. Nikeza okuncamelayo kuzixazululo zangempela ezibiza kakhulu.
Kungcono ukwethemba umsebenzi kochwepheshe. I-torque ye-cylinder engalungile yokuqinisa ikhanda, isibonelo, izoholela ekubhujisweni kwesistimu ye-valve, ifake isandla ekuhlulekeni okusheshayo kweqembu le-piston, nokwenyuka kokugqoka.
Gada ukusebenza kwazo zonke izinzwa, ukunakwa okukhethekile kwinzwa ye-camshaft, i-automation kurediyetha kanye nalo lonke uhlelo lokupholisa. Ukusetha kahle i-throttle nakho kungaba nzima.
Ungashuna kanjani le moto?
Awenzi noma yimuphi umqondo wezomnotho noma ongokoqobo ukukhulisa amandla emodeli ye-3S-FSE. Amasistimu efekthri ayinkimbinkimbi afana nokuhamba ngebhayisikili kwe-rpm, isibonelo, ngeke asebenze. I-Stock electronics ngeke ikwazi ukubhekana nemisebenzi, ibhulokhi kanye nekhanda le-cylinder kuyodingeka futhi kuthuthukiswe. Ngakho ukufaka i-compressor akuhlakaniphile.
Futhi, ungacabangi ngokushuna ama-chip. Injini indala, ukukhula kwamandla ayo kuzophela ngokulungiswa okukhulu. Abanikazi abaningi bakhononda ngokuthi ngemva kokulungiswa kwe-chip, injini iyaduma, ukuphuma kwefekthri kuyashintsha, futhi ukuguga kwezingxenye zensimbi kuyanda.
Inketho yokushuna ephusile ukushintshwa kwebhanali ku-3S-GT noma inketho efanayo. Ngosizo lwezinguquko eziyinkimbinkimbi, ungakwazi ukukhuphuka kuze kufike ku-350-400 amahhashi ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okubonakalayo kwensiza.
Iziphetho mayelana nesikhungo sikagesi i-3S-FSE
Le yunithi igcwele izimanga, okuhlanganisa hhayi izikhathi ezimnandi kakhulu. Yingakho kungenakwenzeka ukuyibiza ngokuthi ilungile futhi ilungile kuzo zonke izici. Injini ilula, kodwa izengezo eziningi zemvelo, njenge-EGR, zinikeze imiphumela emibi kakhulu ekusebenzeni kweyunithi.
Umnikazi angase ajabule ngokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, kodwa futhi kuncike kakhulu endleleni yokushayela, esisindweni semoto, eminyakeni yobudala nokuguga.
Kakade ngaphambi kwenhloko-dolobha, injini iqala ukudla amafutha, idle uphethiloli ongu-50% futhi ibonise umnikazi ngomsindo ukuthi manje sekuyisikhathi sokulungiselela ukulungiswa. Yiqiniso, abantu abaningi bakhetha ukushintshanisa injini yaseJapane enenkontileka endaweni yokukhanda, futhi lokhu kuvame ukushibhile kunemali.
