Injini yeToyota 1GZ-FE
Okuqukethwe
Injini yeToyota 1GZ-FE eyivelakancane ihlukaniswa njengengaziwa. Ngempela, ayizange isakazeke ngisho nasezweni lakubo. Isizathu salokhu kwakuwukuthi ifakwe imodeli eyodwa kuphela yemoto, okwakungahloselwe ukusetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene abantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyunithi ayizange ithunyelwe ngaphandle kwe-Japan. Liyini leli hhashi elimnyama? Ake siphakamise iveyili yemfihlo kancane.
Umlando we-1GZ-FE
Emuva ngo-1967, iToyota Century yaseJapan yabekwa esigabeni esiphezulu. Njengamanje imoto kahulumeni. Kusukela ngo-1997, injini ethuthukisiwe i-1GZ-FE yaqala ukufakwa kuyo, esasetshenziswa nanamuhla.
Iyunithi yokucushwa kwe-V12 enamalitha amahlanu. Ihlukile kozakwabo abamise okwe-V ngoba isilinda ngasinye sine-ECU (iyunithi yokulawula i-elekthronikhi). Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, imoto ihlala ikwazi ukuhamba ngebhulokhi eyodwa uma eyesibili ihluleka.
Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obumangalisayo, le njini yayingenawo amandla amaningi. Wonke amasilinda ayi-12 akhiqize afinyelela ku-310 hp. (okujwayelekile okwamukelwe umthetho ngama-280). Kodwa ngokusho kwedatha etholakalayo, ngenxa yokuhlela injini iyakwazi ukukhuphula ibe ngu-950.
Isici esiyinhloko sale yunithi i-torque yayo. Ifinyelela inani layo elicishe lilingane, omunye angase athi, ngesivinini esingenzi lutho (1200 rpm). Lokhu kusho ukuthi injini iletha wonke amandla ayo cishe ngokuphazima kweso.
Ngo-2003-2005, kwenziwa imizamo yokuguqula iyunithi isuka kuphethiloli iye kwigesi. Ngenxa yokwehliswa okuphawulekayo kwamandla (afike ku-250 hp), ayekwa.
Injini yathuthukiswa kancane ngo-2010. Lokhu kwakungenxa yezindinganiso eziqinile zokonga uphethiloli kuyilapho kuhambisana nemithetho yezemvelo. Umphumela waba ukwehliswa kwetorque ku-460 Nm/rpm.
Injini ayizange ifakwe ngokusemthethweni kwezinye izinhlobo zezimoto. Noma kunjalo, kube nemizamo yokushintshanisa, kodwa lokhu sekuvele kungumsebenzi wezimfundamakhwela.
Isikhathi sesifikile, futhi lolu phiko lwaqala ukuheha abantu abathanda izimoto zaseRussia. Ezingosini eziningi zokuthenga eziku-inthanethi ungathola izikhangiso zokuthengisa hhayi injini ngokwayo kuphela, kodwa nezingxenye zayo eziyisipele.
Izinto ezithakazelisayo ngenjini
Ingqondo ethanda ukwazi nezandla ezingaphumuli zihlala zithola ukusetshenziswa. Injini engu-1GZ-FE ayizange ibonakale. Ithimba labashuni abavela e-UAE likwazile ukuyifaka ku-Toyota GT 86. Ngaphezu kwalokho, liphumelele futhi ekuzameni ukuhlomisa injini ngezinjini zomoya ezine. Amandla eyunithi akhuphuka ngokushesha afinyelela ku-800 hp. Lokhu kwakhiwe kabusha kubizwe ngokuthi ukushintshwa kwenjini kweToyota GT 86 okuhlanya kakhulu okwake kwenzeka.
Ukushintshwa kwalolu phiko akwenziwanga e-Emirates kuphela. Ngo-2007, umdwebi waseJapane uKazuhiko Nagata, owaziwa emibuthanweni yakhe ngokuthi Smoky, wabonisa iToyota Supra enenjini engu-1GZ-FE. Ukushuna kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukususa amandla angaphezu kuka-1000 hp. Izinguquko ezimbalwa zenziwe, kodwa umphumela wawufaneleka.
Lokhu kushintshwa kwenzelwe nezinye izinhlobo zezimoto. Kunezibonelo zalokhu. Kube yimpumelelo imizamo yokufaka iNissan S 15, Lexus LX 450 nezinye izinhlobo zezimoto.
E-Russia, i-Siberian "Kulibins" yanquma ukufaka i-1GZ-FE ku... ZAZ-968M. Yebo, ngoba i Zaporozhets ezejwayelekile. Futhi into ethakazelisa kakhulu ukuthi wahamba! Phela, kunamavidiyo amaningana ku-YouTube anikezelwe kulesi sihloko.
Lapho ushintshanisa iyunithi yamandla, izinkinga nge-immobilizer zivame ukuvela. Injini esebenza ngokuphelele enawo wonke amabhlogo asebenzayo nezingxenye ayifuni ukuqala. Ezimweni eziningi, kunesixazululo esisodwa kuphela senkinga - udinga ukukhanyisa iyunithi ye-IMMO OFF, noma ufake i-emulator ye-immobilizer. Kuyacaca ukuthi lesi akusona isixazululo esingcono kakhulu endabeni, kodwa, ngeshwa, ayikho enye indlela.
Uma usebenzisa lesi sixazululo odabeni, udinga ukunikeza i-alamu eyengeziwe yokuvikela imoto. Izinsizakalo eziningi zezimoto zixazulula kalula inkinga yokukhubaza i-immobilizer nokufaka uhlelo lokuphepha.
Ukuze uthole imininingwane. Ku-inthanethi, uma ufisa, ungathola kalula ulwazi oluningi esihlokweni sokufaka i-1GZ-FE ezimotweni ezihlukahlukene.
Технические характеристики
Injini yayiklanywe kahle kangangokuthi phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwayo ayizange idinge ukuthuthukiswa. Izici zayo zanelisa ngokugcwele izidingo zabadali bemoto kahulumeni. Ithebula lifingqa amapharamitha ayinhloko asiza ukubona ngeso lengqondo amakhono angokwemvelo ale yunithi.
| Umkhiqizi | I-Toyota Motor Corporation |
|---|---|
| Iminyaka yokukhululwa | 1997-manje |
| Impahla yebhulokhi eyisilinda | Aluminium |
| Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli | EFI/DONC, VVTi |
| Thayipha | Ubumbeke njengo-V |
| Inani lamasilinda | 12 |
| Amasilinda ngesilinda ngasinye | 4 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 80,8 |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 81 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 10,5 |
| Umthamo wenjini, cubic metres cm (l) | 4996 (5) |
| Amandla enjini, hp / rpm | 280 (310) / 5200 |
| I-Torque, Nm / rpm | 481/4000 |
| I-Fuel | Uphethiloli AI-98 |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | Chain |
| Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, l./100km | 13,8 |
| Impilo yenjini, inkulungwane yamakhilomitha | 400 more |
| Isisindo kg | 250 |
Amagama ambalwa mayelana nokuthembeka kweyunithi
Ukuhlaziya ngokucophelela umklamo wenjini ye-Toyota 1GZ-FE, kulula ukuqaphela ukuthi umugqa owodwa we-6-cylinder 1JZ wathathwa njengesisekelo sokudalwa kwayo. Okwemoto ye-limousine kahulumeni, ama-2 omugqa owodwa ongu-1JZ ahlanganiswe ebhulokhi yesilinda eyodwa. Umphumela uba isilo esinezimfanelo eziningi zozakwabo oyisisekelo.
Iyunithi yamandla ye-1GZ-FE ifakwe isistimu yesikhathi se-valve eguquguqukayo (VVT-i). Ukusebenza kwayo kukuvumela ukuthi uguqule kahle amandla netorque ngesivinini esiphezulu senjini. Futhi, lokhu kunomphumela onenzuzo ekusebenzeni kweyunithi yonke, okwandisa ukuthembeka kwayo ekusebenzeni.
Okubaluleke nakakhulu ukuthi i-cylinder block ngayinye yenjini okukhulunywa ngayo, ngokungafani "nomzali" wayo, ifakwe i-turbine eyodwa, hhayi ezimbili. Ngaphandle kwalesi sici, injini izoba nama-turbines angu-4. Lokhu kuzokwenza umklamo ube nzima kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukwethembeka kwawo.
Ukwenyuka kokuthembeka kuboniswa nawukuthi esizukulwaneni sakamuva sezinjini ze-1JZ, ukuklanywa kwejazi lokupholisa le-cylinder block kuye kwaba nezinguquko futhi ukungqubuzana kwamakhamera we-camshaft kuye kwancishiswa. Lezi zinguquko zidlulele enjinini engu-1GZ-FE. Isistimu yokupholisa isisebenze kahle kakhulu.
Uma kucatshangelwa izimo zokusebenza ezikhethekile (ezimotweni zikahulumeni kuphela) kanye nomhlangano wezandla, kuphephile ukucabanga ukuthi le yunithi yamandla inezinga eliphezulu lokuthembeka.
Ukuze uthole imininingwane. Ukuthuthukiswa kwenjini ye-1GZ-FE kwayivumela ukuba ithathe indawo yayo emgqeni wezinjini ezijwayelekile nempilo yesevisi engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-400 km.
Ukulondolozeka
Umqondo wabakhiqizi bezinjini ezivuthayo zaseJapan uhloselwe ukusebenza kwabo ngaphandle kokulungiswa okukhulu. I-1GZ-FE nayo ayizange ime eceleni. Izinga eliphezulu lokuthembeka kanye nekhono labashayeli livumela injini ukuthi igcine impilo yayo yesevisi, yaneliseke kuphela ngokulungiswa.
Uma kubhekwa ukuntuleka kobunzima bokuthola izingxenye ezisele, azikho izinkinga ezinkulu ngokulungiswa kwenjini. Ukuphazamiseka okukhulu yinani lenkinga. Kodwa kulabo abaneyunithi enjalo efakiwe, indaba yezezimali ayiyona into ehamba phambili futhi ihlehliselwe ngemuva.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ochwepheshe abaningi bezinsizakalo zethu zezimoto sebekwazi kahle ukushintshwa kwezinjini zaseJapan. Ngakho-ke, uma unezingxenye ezisele zangempela, kungenzeka ukulungisa injini. Kodwa lapha kuvela ubunzima ekutholeni izingxenye ezishiwo. (Ungaphambanisi ukungabi bikho kobunzima ekusesheni kanye nobunzima bokuthola izingxenye eziyisipele ezidingekayo). Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, ngaphambi kokwenza ukulungiswa okukhulu kwenjini, udinga ukucabangela ngokuningiliziwe inketho yokuyishintsha ngenkontileka eyodwa.
Ukulungisa kwenziwa ngokushintsha izinto zenjini ezinephutha kufakwe ezikwazi ukuseviswa. I-cylinder block ilungiswa ngokusebenzisa indlela ye-liner, okungukuthi, ukufaka esikhundleni se-liners kanye neqembu lonke le-piston.
Lapho unquma ukuthenga injini yenkontileka, udinga ukunaka inombolo yayo. Iqiniso wukuthi iToyota Century ayikhiqizelwa imakethe yangaphandle. Kuyacaca ukuthi nezinjini zakhe ziyawenza. Kodwa noma kunjalo, zithengiswa eRussia. Uma ufaka iyunithi yamandla emotweni, kuzodingeka ibhaliswe kunoma yikuphi.
Ukuze ugweme izinkinga ngesikhathi sokubhalisa, udinga ukuqinisekisa kusengaphambili ukuthi inombolo ayiphazanyiswa (hhayi kaningi, kodwa iyenzeka) futhi ibonakala ngokucacile ku-cylinder block. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ihambisane nalokho okubhalwe emibhalweni ehambisana nalesi sihloko. Umxhumanisi wezokuthengisa kufanele abonise indawo yayo lapho uthenga injini.
Ingabe kufanelekile ukuthenga inkontileka engu-1GZ-FE
Lona ngumbuzo wonke umuntu othanda izimoto azibuza wona ngaphambi kokuthenga le njini. Kunjalo, injini yenkontileka ithengwa ngengozi yakho kanye nengozi. Kodwa uma kubhekwa ukuthi lolu phiko lufakwe ezimotweni zikahulumeni kuphela, ithemba lokuthi luzoba sezingeni eliphezulu alingabazeki. Kunezizathu ezimbalwa:
- ukusebenza ngokucophelela;
- ukugcinwa okufanele;
- abashayeli abanolwazi.
Ukusebenza ngokucophelela injini ihlanganisa izici eziningi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhamba kahle, imigwaqo ebushelelezi, nezindawo zomgwaqo ezihlanzekile. Uhlu lungathatha isikhathi eside.
Isevisi. Kuyacaca ukuthi ihlale ikhiqizwa ngesikhathi nangekhwalithi ephezulu. Injini ehlanzekile, izihlungi kanye noketshezi olusebenzayo kushintshwe ngesikhathi, ukulungiswa okudingekayo okwenziwe - yini enye edingekayo ukuze injini isebenze njengewashi?
Umuzwa womshayeli Iphinde ibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekwandiseni impilo yenjini.
Ngokusho kwedatha etholakalayo, izinjini ezinjalo zenkontileka zinesikhathi sokuphila sesevisi esingafika ku-70%.
I-Japanese V-12 kuphela yaba iyunithi ethembeke kakhulu. Akubanga yize ukuthi yadalelwa izimoto zikahulumeni kuphela. I-torque enhle kakhulu ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise wonke amandla enjini emasondweni emoto kusukela kumasekhondi okuqala. Ngisho nokuvela kokungasebenzi kahle kunoma iyiphi i-cylinder ngeke kuthinte ukusebenza kokushayela - imoto izoqhubeka nokuhamba isebenzisa ibhulokhi elilodwa kuphela.
