Injini yeRenault K4J
Okuqukethwe
Ekupheleni kweminyaka engu-90, onjiniyela bakwa-Renault bakwazile ukwakha injini eyaba ubuciko bokwakha injini yaseFrance. Iyunithi yamandla ethuthukisiwe isetshenziswa kakhulu emakethe yomhlaba. Isihluthulelo sempumelelo kwakuyikhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokuqina komkhiqizo.
Incazelo
Injini ye-K4J yathuthukiswa yafakwa ekukhiqizweni kwe-serial ngo-1998. Wahlonishwa umhlaba wonke ngo-1999 embukisweni wezimoto owawuseGeneva (Switzerland). Kuyinjini engu-four-cylinder aspirated enenjini engu-1,4 litres enamandla angu-82-100 hp netorque engu-127 Nm. Ikhiqizwe kuze kube ngu-2013, ibe nezinguquko eziningi.
Injini ye-K4J nokulungiswa kwayo kwafakwa ezimotweni zakwaRenault:
- I-Clio (1999-2012);
- Uphawu (1999-2013);
- I-Scenic (1999-2003);
- Megane (1999-2009);
- I-Modus (2004-2008);
- I-Grand Modus (2004-2008).
I-cylinder block yenziwe nge-ductile iron.
Ikhanda le-Aluminium cylinder. Ikhanda linama-valve angu-16. Engxenyeni engenhla kukhona ama-camshaft amabili ezisekelweni eziyisithupha ngalinye.
Iziphakamisi zama-valve zenza kube lula ukulungisa ukuphuma kwe-valve.
Isikhathi sokushayela ibhande. Ibhande lenzelwe ukugijima amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-60. Iphampu (iphampu yamanzi) ithola ukuphenduka kuyo.
Insimbi ye-Crankshaft, eyakhiwe. Itholakala ezisekelweni ezinhlanu (liners-bearings).
Ama-pistons ayi-standard, cast aluminium alloy. Zinezindandatho ezintathu, ezimbili zazo ziyi-compression, eyodwa i-oil scraper.
Isistimu yokungenisa umoya ye-crankcase evaliwe.
Isistimu yokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli ihlanganisa lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- futha futha (etholakala t / ithangi);
- ukuhlanganiswa kwe-throttle;
- isihlungi esihle;
- ukulawulwa kwengcindezi yamafutha;
- imibhobho;
- ulayini kaphethiloli.
Izakhi ezengeziwe uhlelo lokujikeleza kabusha kwegesi ephumayo kanye nesihlungi somoya.
I-Chain oil pump drive. Ithola ukuzungezisa kusuka ku-crankshaft. Umthamo wamafutha ohlelweni ungamalitha angu-4,85.
Ama-spark plug anamakhoyili awo kagesi aphezulu.
Технические характеристики
| Umkhiqizi | Iqembu lakwaRenault |
|---|---|
| Ivolumu yenjini, cm³ | 1390 |
| Amandla, h. | I-98 (82) * |
| I-Torque, Nm | 127 |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 10 |
| Isilinda block | Insimbi |
| Ikhanda lesilinda | i-aluminium, 16v |
| Ububanzi besilinda, mm | 79,5 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 70 |
| Amasilinda ngesilinda ngasinye | 4 (DOHC) |
| Izinxephezelo zeHydraulic | + |
| Isikhathi sokushayela | ibhande |
| I-Turbocharging | akukho |
| Isilawuli sesikhathi se-valve | akukho |
| Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli | umjovo, umjovo wembobo |
| I-Fuel | uphethiloli AI-95 |
| Ukuhleleka kwamasilinda | 1-3-4-2 |
| Amazinga ezemvelo | Ama-Euro 3/4** |
| Impilo yesevisi, inkulungwane yamakhilomitha | 220 |
| Indawo: | phambene |
* 82 hp ukuguqulwa kwenjini encishisiwe (ngaphandle kwe-electronic throttle), ** amazinga emvelo wezinguqulo zenjini zokuqala nezilandelayo, ngokulandelana.
Kusho ukuthini ukuguqulwa (710, 711, 712, 713, 714, 730, 732, 740, 750, 770, 780)
Kuso sonke isikhathi sokukhiqiza, injini iye yathuthukiswa ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ngenxa yalokho, amandla nezinto ezingabalulekile zashintshwa kancane. Isibonelo, ekufakeni iyunithi yamandla kumamodeli ezimoto ahlukahlukene.
Ukucaciswa nokulungiswa kwedivayisi kuhlala kufana nemodeli yesisekelo.
| Ikhodi yenjini | Amandla | Iminyaka yokukhululwa | Kufakiwe |
|---|---|---|---|
| K4J710 | 98 hp | 1998-2010 | Clio |
| K4J711 | 98 hp | 2000-okwamanje | Clio II |
| K4J712 | 95 hp | 1999-2004 | Clio II, Thalia I |
| K4J713 | 98 hp | 2008 | Clio II |
| K4J714 | 95 hp | 1999-2003 | Megane, Scenic I (JA) |
| K4J730 | 98 hp | 1999-2003 | I-Scenic II |
| K4J732 | 82 hp | 2003 | megane ii |
| K4J740 | 98 hp | 1999-2010 | Megane |
| K4J750 | 95 hp | 2003-2008 | Megane I, Scenic I |
| K4J770 | 98 hp | 2004-2010 | Imodi |
| K4J780 | 100 hp | 2005-2014 | Imodi |
Ukuthembeka, ubuthakathaka, ukugcina
Cabangela izici ezibalulekile eziyisibopho esingeziwe ezicini zobuchwepheshe zenjini ngayinye.
Ukuthembeka
Injini ye-K4J inezimfanelo eziningi eziwusizo ezibonisa ukusebenza kwayo. Iningi labanikazi bezimoto zezimoto ezinenjini enjalo baphawula ukuthembeka kwayo okuphezulu.
Ubulula bomklamo kanye nenani lobuchwepheshe obusha kuqinisekisa umbono weningi. Isibonelo, ilungu lenkundla u-ZeBriD waseNovosibirsk uyabhala: “... Ngahlola amafutha ehlobo kuphela, enjinini ebandayo ... Futhi konke kuhamba kahle”.
Injini iba ethembekile futhi iqinile uma imithetho yokusebenza etuswa umenzi igcinwa. Izidingo ezikhethekile zibekwe kwikhwalithi yoketshezi lobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi uphethiloli namafutha. Lapha kuvela "kodwa" - uma usengakwazi ukuthenga amafutha adingekayo, khona-ke izinto zimbi nakakhulu ngophethiloli. Kufanele weneliswe yilokho onakho. Inye kuphela indlela yokuphuma - udinga ukuthola igalaji likaphethiloli lapho uphethiloli omningi noma ngaphansi ufinyelela izinga.
Ku-inthanethi ungathola ulwazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli AI-92. Akalona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Uhlobo olunconyiwe lukaphethiloli yi-AI-95.
Umkhiqizi ukhombisa imigomo ethile yokushintshwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo. Lapha, izincomo kufanele zisondele ngokudala, kucatshangelwa izimo zokusebenza zenjini. Kuyacaca ukuthi zihlukile kwezaseYurophu. Nezinga likaphethiloli nezinto zokugcoba, kanye nesimo semigwaqo. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokushintsha izinto ezisetshenziswayo kanye nezingxenye kufanele sincishiswe.
Ngesimo sengqondo esifanele kuyunithi, iyakwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kokuhlukana isikhathi eside, ngokugqagqana okubalulekile kwensiza ethenjisiwe.
Izindawo ezibuthakathaka
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukwakhiwa kwenjini iyonke kwaphumelela, ubuthakathaka kwezinye izimo buvela kuyo.
Okokuqala nje, kuyaphawulwa Ubuthakathaka bebhande lesikhathi. Ingozi yokuphuka kwayo isekugotshweni kwama-valve. Uhlupho olunjalo luholela ekulungiseni okungathí sina futhi esikhundleni sesabelomali sayo yonke injini. Impilo yesevisi yebhande inqunywa umenzi kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-60 wokugijima kwemoto. Eqinisweni, uyakwazi ukunakekela amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-90, kodwa ukushintshwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nezincomo zomenzi. Kanye nebhande lesikhathi, kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe ibhande le-alternator.
Ukuvuza kwamafutha ngokusebenzisa izimpawu ezihlukahlukene futhi akuyona into engavamile. Kodwa-ke, lesi sithombe asijwayelekile hhayi kumayunithi amandla aseFrance kuphela. Ukunaka komnikazi wemoto kuzosiza ukubona ukungasebenzi kahle ngesikhathi, futhi kulula ukukulungisa ngokwakho. Isibonelo, kwanele ukuqinisa i-valve cover mount futhi inkinga yokuvuza kwamafutha izoxazululwa. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ungasebenzisa izinsizakalo zochwepheshe besevisi yemoto. Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi ukulungiswa okuhleliwe ngesikhathi akufaki ukwenzeka kokuvuza kwamafutha.
Ubuthakathaka obukhulu kakhulu ukwehluleka ekusebenzeni kwezakhi zikagesi. Amakhoyili okushisa nezinzwa ezihlukahlukene (inzwa yokuma kwe-crankshaft, inzwa yokucindezela, njll.) angaphansi “kweshwa” elinjalo. Kulokhu, akunakwenzeka ukuqeda ukungasebenzi kahle ngaphandle kochwepheshe bezinsizakalo zemoto.
Umuhle impilo yesevisi elinganiselwe (izinkulungwane eziyi-100 km) ine-pulley ye-crankshaft damper. Kunconywa ukuyishintsha ngemva kokushintshwa kwesibili okuhleliwe kwebhande lesikhathi.
Ngakho-ke, siyabona ukuthi kukhona amaphuzu abuthakathaka enjini, kodwa ezimweni eziningi umnikazi wemoto uvusa ukuvela kwabo. Okuhlukile ama-auto electrics. Kukhona ngempela iphutha kumkhiqizi lapha.
Ukulondolozeka
Ukulungisa injini akunzima kakhulu. I-cast-iron block ikuvumela ukuthi uthwale amasilinda ngosayizi odingekayo wokulungisa.
Ukushintshwa kwezingxenye nemihlangano kungenzeka, kodwa kuyaphawulwa ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi kuba nobunzima ekusesheni kwabo. Akuwona wonke amadolobha esitolo esikhethekile aku-assortment efanele. Lapha isitolo se-inthanethi sizokusiza, lapho ungahlala u-oda ingxenye eyisipele edingekayo. Yiqiniso, isikhathi sokuhola singaba side. Ukwengeza, abashayeli bezimoto abaningi banaka amanani aphakeme ezingxenye nemihlangano emikhulu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ezisele ekuhlakazweni akuhlali kuholela kumphumela oyifunayo ngenxa yokungenzeki kokuhlola isimo sazo.
Njengoba kuphawuliwe, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi inomklamo olula. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi wonke umuntu uyakwazi ukuyilungisa ngezandla zabo. Awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwamathuluzi akhethekile nezakhiwo. Kanye ngaphandle kolwazi lwama-nuances wokulungisa. Isibonelo, ukushintshwa kwanoma iyiphi i-gasket kudinga i-torque ethile yokuqinisa izinsimbi zayo. Uma kwenzeka ukungahambisani nezibalo ezinconyiwe, okungcono kakhulu, kuzoba nokuvuza koketshezi lobuchwepheshe, okubi kakhulu, intambo ye-nati noma i-stud izodatshulwa.
Inketho engcono kakhulu yokulungisa injini ukuyiphathisa ochwepheshe benkonzo yemoto ekhethekile.
I-K4J yaseFrance ebilangazelela iphumelele kakhulu, ilula ekwakhiweni kwayo, ithembekile futhi ihlala isikhathi eside. Kodwa lezi zimfanelo zibonakaliswa kuphela uma zonke izincomo zomkhiqizi zibonwa lapho usebenzisa injini.
