Injini ye-Opel Z22SE
Okuqukethwe
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-serial kwamayunithi amandla ngaphansi kwemboni yokumaka i-Z22SE kwaqala ngo-2000. Le njini ithathe indawo ye-X20XEV enamalitha amabili futhi yaba ukuthuthukiswa konjiniyela bakwaGeneral Motors, i-ITDC yakwa-Opel, i-American GM Powertrain kanye ne-SAAB yaseSweden. Ukucwengwa kokugcina kwenjini kwase kwenziwa kakade eBrithani, esakhiweni sobunjiniyela beLotus.
I-Z22SE
Ekulungisweni okuhlukahlukene, iyunithi yafakwa cishe kuwo wonke amamodeli e-GM angaleso sikhathi. Ngokusemthethweni, ulayini wenjini we-Z22 wawubizwa nge- "Ecotec Family II Series" futhi wakhiqizwa ezimbonini ezintathu ngasikhathi sinye - eTennessee (Spring Hill Manufacturing), eNew York (Tonawanda) naseJalimane iKaiserslautern (imboni yokukhiqiza ingxenye ye-Opel).
EJalimane naseNgilandi, injini yaqanjwa ngokuthi - Z22SE. EMelika, yaziwa ngokuthi - L61 futhi yafakwa ezimotweni eziningi zeChevrolet, Saturn kanye nePontiac. Ngaphansi kwelayisensi, i-Z22SE iphinde yafakwa ku-Fiat Krom naku-Alfa Romeo 159. Uhlu luhlanganisa izinjini ezingu-2.4 litre ezine-turbocharger, nokuhlukahluka okuningana okuhlukene, kodwa sizohlala ku-Z22SE ngokuningiliziwe, njengoba kwakunguye. umsunguli walo lonke uchungechunge.
Imifanekiso ye-Z22SE
Esikhundleni se-cast iron BC, i-Z22SE yasebenzisa i-aluminium BC 221 mm ukuphakama kanye namashafu amabili ebhalansi aklanyelwe ukunciphisa ukudlidliza komshini. Ngaphakathi kwebhulokhi kukhona i-crankshaft ene-piston stroke engu-94.6 mm. Ubude bama-crank e-Z22SE bungu-146.5 mm. Ibanga phakathi komqhele we-piston kanye nendawo emaphakathi ye-piston pin axis ngu-26.75 mm. Ivolumu yokusebenza kwenjini ingu-2.2 amalitha.
Ikhanda lesilinda le-aluminium lifihla ama-camshaft amabili nama-valve ayishumi nesithupha, anama-diameters okungenisa nawokukhipha angu-35.2 no-30 mm, ngokulandelana. Ubukhulu besiqu se-poppet valve buyi-6 mm. I-ECU Z22SE - GMPT-E15.
| Imifanekiso ye-Z22SE | |
|---|---|
| Ivolumu, cm3 | 2198 |
| Amandla amakhulu, hp | 147 |
| I-torque enkulu, Nm (kgm)/rpm | 203 (21) / 4000 |
| 205 (21) / 4000 | |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, l / 100 km | 8.9-9.4 |
| Thayipha | V emise, 4-isilinda |
| Isilinda Ø, mm | 86 |
| Amandla amakhulu, hp (kW)/r/min | 147 (108) / 4600 |
| 147 (108) / 5600 | |
| 147 (108) / 5800 | |
| Isilinganiso sokucindezela | 10 |
| Piston unhlangothi, mm | 94.6 |
| Imikhiqizo namamodeli | I-Opel (Astra G/Holden Astra, Vectra B/C, Zafira A, Speedster); |
| I-Chevrolet (Alero, Cavalier, Cobalt, HHR, Malibu); | |
| I-Fiat (Croma); | |
| Pontiac (Grand Am, Sunfire); | |
| ISaturn (L, Ion, Buka); | |
| nabanye. | |
| Insiza, ngaphandle. km | 300 + |
* Inombolo yenjini itholakala endaweni yesikhungo sebhizinisi ngaphansi kwesihlungi sikawoyela.
Ngo-2007, ukukhiqizwa kwe-serial ye-Z22SE kwagcina kumisiwe futhi kwathathelwa indawo iyunithi yamandla ye-Z22YH.
Izici zokusebenza, ukungasebenzi kanye nokugcinwa kwe-Z22SE
Izinkinga zenjini ye-Z22 zivamile kuwo wonke amayunithi akwa-Opel angaleso sikhathi. Cabangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Z22SE.
Плюсы
- Isisetshenziswa esikhulu sezimoto.
- Ukugcineka.
- Amathuba wokushuna.
Минусы
- Isikhathi sokushayela.
- Maslozhor
- I-Antifreeze emithonjeni ye-spark plug.
Lapho umsindo we-diesel uvela enjini ye-Z22SE, kunamathuba amaningi okuhluleka kwe-timing chain tensioner, evame ukugijima njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-20-30. I-chain drive ku-Z22SE ngokuvamile ingenye yezingxenye eziyinkinga kakhulu zale yunithi.
Ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kwe-nozzle efakwe kuyo, indlala kawoyela yeketango, izicathulo, ama-dampers kanye ne-tensioner kwenzeka.
Izimpawu zoshintsho oluzayo ku-timing gear drive zilula kakhulu - ngemuva kokuqala injini, kuzwakala umsindo ocacile othi "diesel" (ikakhulukazi emazingeni okushisa aphansi), onyamalala ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa yokufudumala injini. Eqinisweni, akufanele kube khona ukuklabalasa. Le njini igijima kancane kunebhande, kodwa ibhalansile. Ngendlela, kuze kube ngu-2002, izinjini ze-Z22SE "zafika" zineziphambeko zefektri - kwakungekho nenye i-damper chain. Khona-ke, ngemva kwekhefu le-chain, u-GM waze wabakhumbula futhi wawalungisa ngezindleko zakhe.
Yiqiniso, i-tensioner ingashintshwa, kodwa kungcono ukushintsha i-chain drive ngokuphelele (nazo zonke izingxenye ezihlobene) ngaphambi kokuba kuphuze kakhulu, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi iketanga selivele leluliwe futhi lize leqe amazinyo ambalwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngendlela, ungakwazi ukufaka esikhundleni sepompo ye-centrifugal yamanzi. Ngemuva kokulungiswa, uma ushintsha ama-hydraulic tensioners ngesikhathi, khona-ke, njengomthetho, ungakhohlwa mayelana nokushayela komshini wokusabalalisa igesi ku-100-150 km ayizinkulungwane.
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuvela kwe-oyela smudges ku-valve ye-Z22SE, evala indlela yokusabalalisa igesi, ilele ngokwayo. Ukuyishintsha ufake entsha, yepulasitiki kungase kuyixazulule inkinga. Uma ukuvuza kwamafutha kungashabalali, khona-ke injini isivele igugile futhi idinga ukulungiswa.
Ukwehluleka, kathathu, noma ukusebenza nje okungalingani kwenjini kungase kubonise ukuthi amakhandlela agcwele i-antifreeze futhi lezi yizo zonke izinkinga. Into engathandeki kakhulu engenzeka kuleli cala ukwakheka kokuqhekeka kwekhanda le-cylinder. Amathegi amanani amakhanda amasha we-Z22SE aphakeme kakhulu, futhi amaphutha anjalo awakwazi ukuphathwa nge-argon welding yendabuko - lokhu kuyisici se-cylinder head material yale injini. Ngakho-ke kuzoba kushibhile ukuthola ikhanda elisetshenzisiwe elisebenzayo. Okuvame kakhulu ukushintshwa kwekhanda lesilinda elivela kwa-SAAB, elingena ku-Z22SE “njengowomdabu” ngemva kokulungiswa okuthile.
Ukusheshisa okubuthakathaka kakhulu kanye nokuntuleka kwezinto eziguquguqukayo cishe kusho ukuthi inkinga isezingeni likaphethiloli kanye nemeshi ngaphansi kwephampu yamafutha. Kusukela kuphethiloli omubi, ingavaleka ngokuphelele ngokungcola. Ukuze uhlanze, uzodinga i-gasket entsha ngaphansi kwesembozo sephampu yamafutha. Kunconywa ukwenza inqubo ku-tank engenalutho ukuze uhlanze indawo lapho iphampu yamafutha ngokwayo imi khona ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ungahlola futhi ukuthi iyasebenza yini nokuthi amapayipi aqinile yini. Mhlawumbe inkinga isesihlungini sikaphethiloli.
I-valve yokuvuselela igesi ephumayo ayiyona isistimu enokwethenjelwa kakhulu ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza e-Russian Federation, futhi "igcwele" hhayi kuphela ku-Opel, kodwa cishe yonke indawo lapho ikhona.
Yiqiniso, imiphumela enezinzwa ze-oxygen ingenzeka, kodwa ngisho nalapha ungakwazi ukuphuma esimweni ngosizo lomkhono we-adaptha.
Ngokuvamile, ngemva kweminyaka engu-10 yebanga, i-catalyst etholakala epayipini le-exhaust le-muffler iba yinkimbinkimbi kangangokuthi amagesi avele angadluli. Ngemva kokukhipha "ukhokho", ngisho nokwanda kwamandla ngo-5-10 hp kungenzeka.
Ama-analogue wezingxenye ezisele zenjini ye-Z22SE
I-Z22SE ivame kakhulu eMelika, ngoba ayizange ikhiqizwe lapho kuphela, kodwa futhi ifakwe ezinhlobonhlobo zezimoto ezihloselwe imakethe yendawo. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo nezingxenye ezithengiswa ngemali eshisiwe e-Europe zingatholakala kalula futhi zithengwe e-USA ngentengo eyamukelekayo ngesevisi efanayo ye-EBAy. Isibonelo, ikhoyili yokuqala yokuthungela, intengo eqala ngayo eRussia kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-7, ingalawulwa ezifundazweni ngama-dollar angu-50.
Esikhundleni sesilawuli se-antifreeze sesitoko esikuhlelo lokupholisa injini ye-Z22SE, i-thermostat evela ku-VW Passat B3 1.8RP yinhle kakhulu, enobukhulu obufana ncamashi nezinga lokushisa lokuvula. Futhi ukuhlanganisa kwayo okuyinhloko, ikhiqizwa cishe yibo bonke abakhiqizi abadumile, futhi ibiza cishe ama-ruble angu-300-400. AmaGates afanayo kanye ne-HansPries aminyene avaliwe ehlobo, noma "angena" ebusika. I-thermostat yasekuqaleni ibiza kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-1.5.
Ikhanda le-cylinder langempela aliyona ikhwalithi engcono kakhulu yokuphonsa ngenxa yobuchwepheshe, ngakho-ke ikhanda lesilinda le-Z22SE alilungiseki ngokuphelele. Ngokuvamile kuvela imifantu kuyo engakwazi ukushiselwa isikhathi eside. Kungenzeka ukuhlinzeka ngekhanda elilingisi elivela kuyunithi ye-2.0T-B207L efakwe ku-SAAB 9-3. Izinjini 2.2 kanye 2.0T zicishe zifane. Zihluke kuphela ngevolumu kanye nokuba khona kwe-turbocharging, ezinye izingxenye ziyashintshana.
Ngokuguqulwa okuncane, ikhanda le-cylinder elinjalo lithatha kalula indawo yezinga elijwayelekile.
Futhi, ama-injection e-Siemens avela ku-22th GAZ ahle kakhulu enjini ye-Z406SE - ngokwezici, ayafana nalabo abaya enjini engu-2.2 embonini. Ngomehluko wentengo phakathi kwama-nozzles okuqala kanye nalawo eVolga, akusabi ukuthi lokhu kuzohlala, ukusho, unyaka kuphela.
Shintshanisa amasheya Z22SE
Isabelomali, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo okuhle, ukuhleleka esimweni se-Z22SE ngeke kusebenze, ngakho-ke kulabo abanquma ukuguqula le injini, kungcono ukulungiselela ngokushesha izindleko ezinkulu zezezimali.
Ungakwazi ukwandisa kancane amandla eyunithi ngokutshalwa kwezimali okuncane ngokususa ama-balance shafts, kanye nokufaka i-manifold kanye ne-damper kusuka ku-LE5 ekuthatheni. Ngemuva kwalokho, kunconywa ukuthi ubeke umqoqi we-"4-2-1" endaweni yokuphuma, esebenza ngohlu olubanzi lwama-revolutions, futhi "uqede" konke lokhu ngokulungiselelwa kwe-ECU.
Ukuze uthole amandla engeziwe, kuzodingeka ukhweze isistimu yokuhlinzeka komoya ebandayo (ufake inqwaba efakwe ngaphambili esuka ku-LE5), ufake i-damper enkulu evela ku-LSJ, imibhobho evela ku-Z20LET, i-Piper 266 camshafts eneziphethu namapuleti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzodingeka ukuthi ubhekane nokuthuthwa kwekhanda le-cylinder, ubeke ama-valve angu-36 mm endaweni yokungena, no-31 mm endaweni yokuphuma, ufake i-flywheel engasindi, i-4-2-1 yokuphuma nokugeleza phambili ku-63. ipayipi mm. Ngaphansi kwayo yonke le hardware, uzodinga ukulungisa kahle i-ECU, bese kuthi ku-flywheel Z22SE ungathola ngaphansi kuka-200 hp.
Ukufuna amandla engeziwe ku-Z22SE akuzuzisi - i-turbo kit enhle efakwe kule njini ibiza ngaphezu kwemoto efakwe kuyo.
isiphetho
Izinjini zochungechunge lwe-Z22SE zingamayunithi wamandla anokwethenjelwa anomthombo omkhulu wemoto. Ngokwemvelo, azilungile. Ezimfanelo ezimbi zalezi zinjini, i-cylinder block, eyenziwe ngokuphelele nge-aluminium, ingaqashelwa. Le BC ayinakulungiswa. I-Z22SE chain drive ivamise ukwethusa abashayeli abaningi abake babhekana nayo, kwazise onjiniyela benze iqhinga elincane ngomklamo wayo, nakuba uma isetshenziswa ngesikhathi, ngeke kube nemibuzo.
Ngokungafani nezimoto eziningi zakwa-Opel, i-Z22SE timing drive isebenza neketango lomugqa owodwa, okuthi ngokwesilinganiso "lihambe" cishe amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-150.
Nokho, eJalimane efanayo noma e-USA, isibonelo, izinjini ezinjalo kalula "ugijima" 300 ayizinkulungwane km ngaphandle esikhundleni izinto ezidlekayo kanye nomsindo ongadingekile. Indima eyinhloko lapha idlalwa yizimo zezulu zokusebenza kwe-Z22SE.
Yebo, ngokuvamile, injini ye-Z22SE iyiyunithi evamile ngokuphelele engeke ishiye noma yimuphi umshayeli ongenandaba. Idinga ukuseviswa njalo (njalo ngebanga elingu-15 10 km, kodwa abaningi bayeluleka ukwenza lokhu kaningi - ngemva kokugijima kwezinkulungwane eziyi-XNUMX km), sebenzisa izingxenye ezisele zangempela kanye nophethiloli omuhle. Futhi-ke, udinga njalo ukuqapha izinga lamafutha kanye nezinga lawo.
