Injini ye-Nissan QD32

Injini kadizili engu-4-cylinder i-Nissan QD32 enomthamo ongu-3153 cm3 ikhiqizwe kusukela maphakathi nawo-90s wekhulunyaka elidlule ngomunye wabakhiqizi abakhulu emhlabeni, inkampani yezimoto yaseJapan iNissan Motor Co., Ltd. Ngobuchwepheshe, iyunithi ethuthuke kakhulu ithathe indawo yezinjini zochungechunge lwe-TD.

Nokho, kakade ekuqaleni kwawo-2000, ithathelwe indawo yizinjini ZD, ikakhulukazi ZD-30. Ekuphawuleni, izinhlamvu ezimbili zokuqala zibonisa uchungechunge, izinombolo 32 zibonisa umthamo wama-deciliter. Okuhlukile kweyunithi ukuthi kuwo wonke umlando womkhiqizo, uchungechunge olumbalwa kuphela (ED, UD, FD) lwezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi (ICE) zazinomthamo ofanayo wamagumbi okushisa uphethiloli.

Injini kadizili ye-QD32 yayihlelelwe ukuhlomisa ikakhulukazi amakhumbi ezentengiselwano, ama-SUV asindayo, amaloli nemishini ekhethekile. Ekulungiseni okuhlukahlukene kanye nemishini, bahlonyiswe ngamamodeli afana ne-Nissan Homy, i-Nissan Caravan, i-Datsun Truck, i-Nissan Atlas (i-Atlas), i-Nissan Terrano (i-Terrano) ne-Nissan Elgrand (i-Elgrand).

Izici

Isici esibalulekile seyunithi yedizili ye-QD32 ukuthi ayinayo isistimu yomjovo wamafutha kaloliwe. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwenjini, lesi simiso sasivame kakhulu. Nokho, onjiniyela bale nkampani abazange bayifake ngamabomu enjinini. Isizathu siwukuthi idivayisi elula yemoto ikuvumela ukuba wenze ukulungisa ensimini ngezindlela ezithuthukisiwe, ngaphandle kwesevisi yemoto, ngezandla zakho.

Kanye ne-timing gear drive, eqeda inkinga yokusebenzisana phakathi kwe-valve ne-piston, nekhanda le-cylinder elenziwe nge-cast iron, lokhu kuholela ekuthembekeni okuphezulu kanye nempilo ende yesevisi yeyunithi iyonke. Ngenxa yalokhu, phakathi kwabantu, injini ithole isimo "sokungabhubhi" kubanikazi bezimoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-QD32 yaziwa kakhulu phakathi kwamashuna e-auto ngokushintsha injini yemoto yokuqala ngelula, eshibhile futhi ehlala isikhathi eside.

Технические характеристики

Izici eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe zenguqulo eyisisekelo yeyunithi yamandla ye-QD32 yethulwe etafuleni:

Mdali	Inkampani engu-Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
Enza injini	QD32
Iminyaka yokukhululwa	1996-2007
Ububanzi	3153 cm3 noma 3,2 amalitha
Amandla	73,5 kW (100 hp)
I-Torque	221 Nm (ku-4200 rpm)
Isisindo	I-258 kg
isilinganiso sokucindezela	22,0
Питание	Iphampu ye-electronic high pressure fuel (umjovo we-elekthronikhi)
uhlobo lwenjini	injini yedizili
Kufakiwe	ukushintsha, ukungathinteki
Inani lamasilinda	4
Indawo yesilinda sokuqala	I-TVET
Inani lama-valves kwisilinda ngasinye	два
Impahla yekhanda lesilinda	insimbi encibilikisiwe
thatha izinto eziningi	i-duralumin
Khipha izinto eziningi	insimbi encibilikisiwe
camshaft	iphrofayili yekhamera yangempela
block impahla	insimbi encibilikisiwe
Ububanzi besilinda	99,2 mm
Uhlobo lwe-piston nezinto ezibonakalayo	i-aluminium petticoat
I-Crankshaft	cast, 5 izisekelo, 8 counterweights
Ukushaya kwesibhamu	102 mm
Amazinga ezemvelo	1/2 euro
Ukusetshenziswa komoya	Emgwaqeni omkhulu - amalitha ayi-10 ngebanga elingu-100 km Umjikelezo ohlanganisiwe - 12 amalitha nge-100 km Edolobheni - 15 amalitha nge 100 km
Ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela	Ibanga eliphezulu elingu-0,6 litre njalo ngebanga lika-1000 km
injini uwoyela viscosity izinkomba	5W30, 5W40, 0W30, 0W40
Abakhiqizi bamafutha ezimoto	I-Liqui Moly, i-Luk Oil, i-Rosneft
Amafutha e-QD32 ngokubunjwa kwekhwalithi	ama-synthetics ebusika kanye nama-semi-synthetics ehlobo
Umthamo wamafutha enjini	Ama-6,9 amalitha
Izinga lokushisa lijwayelekile	95 °
Umthombo we-LED	Kumenyezelwe - 250 ayizinkulungwane km Real (in practice) - 450 ayizinkulungwane km
Ukulungiswa kwe-valve	amawasha
Glow plugs QD32	HKT Y-955RSON137, EIKO GN340 11065-0W801
Isistimu yesiqandisi	ukuphoqelelwa, i-antifreeze
Ivolumu yesiqandisi	Ama-10 amalitha
Iphampu	I-Aisin WPT-063
igebe le-spark plug	1,1 mm
Iyunithi yesikhathi	indlela
Ukuhleleka kwamasilinda	1-3-4-2
Isihlungi somoya	I-Micro AV3760, VIC A-2005B
Isiteringi	Izimbobo ezi-6 ezifakwayo kanye nembobo emaphakathi engu-1
Isihlungi samafutha	Isihlungi OP567/3, Fiaam FT4905, Alco SP-901, Bosch 0986AF1067, Campion COF102105S
Flywheel Bolts	M12x1,25mm, ubude 26mm
Izimpawu ze-valve stem	umkhiqizi Goetze, ukukhanyisa yokungena
ukuhlukaniswa okumnyama
Inkokhelo XX	650 - 750 min-1
Ukucindezela	kusuka kubha engu-13 (umehluko phakathi kwamasilinda aseduze awukho ngaphezu kwebha engu-1)
I-torque eqiniswayo yoxhumo oluluchungechunge	• useyili - 32 - 38 Nm • i-flywheel - 72 - 80 Nm • isikulufu se-clutch - 42 - 51 Nm • ikhava enomthamo - 167 - 177 Nm (eyinhloko) kanye no-78 - 83 Nm (induku) • ikhanda lesilinda - izigaba ezintathu 39 - 44 Nm, 54 - 59 Nm + 90°

Ukwengeza

Ngokuya ngokucushwa ngohlobo olulodwa noma olunye lwe-injection futha drive, amandla enjini angahluka kakhulu:

1. Nge-mechanical drive (ipompo yomjovo wemishini) - 135 l nge-torque engu-330 Nm.
2. Nge-electronic drive - 150 amalitha. Nge-torque engu-350 Nm.

Uhlobo lokuqala, njengomthetho, lwaluhlome ngamaloli, kanti okwesibili - ngama-minivans. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ekusebenzeni, kwaphawulwa ukuthi ama-mechanical anokwethenjelwa kakhulu kune-electronics, kodwa akulula ukuyisebenzisa.

QD32 injini izinguquko

Phakathi nenkathi yokukhiqiza yeminyaka engu-11, iyunithi yamandla edizili yakhiqizwa ngokuguqulwa kwe-6 ukuhlomisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto.

Ukuguqulwa, iminyaka	Imininingwane yobuchwepheshe	Imodeli yemoto, gearbox (gearbox)
QD321, 1996 - 2001	Torque 221 Nm at 2000 rpm, amandla - 100 hp Nge.	Nissan Homy kanye Nissan Caravan, automatic
QD322, 1996-2001	Torque 209 Nm at 2000 rpm, amandla - 100 hp Nge	I-Nissan Homy kanye ne-Nissan Caravan, i-manual transmission (MT)
QD323, 1997-2002	Torque 221 Nm at 2000 rpm, amandla - 110 hp Nge	Iloli ye-Datsun, imanuwali/ezenzakalelayo (ukudluliselwa okuzenzakalelayo)
QD324, 1997-2004	Torque 221 Nm at 2000 rpm, 105 hp	Nissan Atlas, automatic
QD325, 2004-2007	Torque 216 Nm at 2000 rpm, amandla - 98 hp Nge.	Nissan Atlas (imodeli yaseYurophu), othomathikhi
I-QD32ETi, 1997-1999	Torque 333 Nm at 2000 rpm, amandla - 150 hp Nge.	I-Nissan Terrano (uhlelo lwe-RPM), Nissan Elgrand, automatic

Ukuguqulwa kwebhulokhi ye-QD32ETi kuhluke kakhulu kwabanye. Okokuqala, ihluke kunguqulo evamile ene-intercooler kanye nomklamo ohlukile wabaqoqi abanevolumu efanayo.

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Izinzuzo ezisobala zedrayivu ye-QD32 zifaka:

• Uhlelo lwesikhathi lwe-OHV, ngaphandle kokuphuka kweketango noma ibhande / ukweqa.
• Umklamo wemoto oqinile, ohlangene futhi othembekile.
• Insiza enkulu yokusebenza kanye nenani eliphansi.
• Ukugcinwa okuphezulu ngisho nangezandla zakho.
• Ukushayisana phakathi kwama-piston namasilinda kuqedwa ngokuphelele ngokusebenzisa isitimela segiya.

Injini nayo inemibi:

• Amandla anomkhawulo.
• Umsindo.
• Inertia.
• Ukungabi namasilinda angama-4-valve.
• Ukungenzeki kokusebenzisa amashaneli esimanjemanje wendlela yokufaka/yokukhiphayo.

Amamodeli ezimoto lapho injini ye-QD32 ifakwe khona

I-Aspirated QD32 yafakwa ikakhulukazi ezimotweni zakwaNissan kanye nemodeli eyodwa evela kulayini weDatsun Truck (1997-2002):

• I-Homy/Caravan minivan kusuka ngo-1996 kuya ku-2002.
• Iloli lokuhweba le-Atlas kusukela ngo-1997 kuya ku-2007

Ukuguqulwa kwe-turbocharged kweyunithi ye-QD32ETi kufakwe kule mishini elandelayo:

• I-Minivan Elgrand enesakhiwo esidonsa ngamasondo angemuva.
• I-SUV Regulus edonsa ngawo wonke amasondo.
• Isakhiwo esidonsa ngamasondo onke esidonsa ngemuva kweTerrano SUV.

Ukulondolozeka

Injini ye-diesel ye-QD32 iyonke, ngokusho kokubuyekezwa, ibhekwa njengokwethenjelwa futhi "ayinakonakala" ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima kakhulu zokusebenza futhi ayinakuzithoba izinga likadizili namafutha. Nokho, ngokushesha noma kamuva idiski ingase yehluleke. Ngakho-ke, wonke umshayeli kufanele azi ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle ezihambisana nezimbangela zokuhluleka kwenjini.

Ithebula lephutha QD32

Izimpawu	Kusukela	Ukulungiswa
Isivinini sokubhukuda	Ukungasebenzi kahle kweyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi yephampu yomjovo yephampu yamafutha	Ukushintshwa okuphelele kwephampu yomjovo
Izitebele zenjini, ngeke ziqale	Ukwephulwa kwe-valve yokunqamula ingxube kaphethiloli	Ukushintshwa kwevalvu
Iziphazamiso emsebenzini, intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngesivinini esikhulu (ngaphezu kuka-2000 rpm.)	Isistimu kaphethiloli evaliwe/ukwehluleka komjovo	Hlanza uhlelo lukaphethiloli/shintshanisa umjovo

Ungayenza kanjani i-motor self-diagnosis (manual)

Ukuze wenze ukuzihlola injini QD32, kufanele uqale uthole okuthiwa isokhethi zokuxilonga. Njengomthetho, itholakala ngaphansi kwekholomu yokuqondisa (izimbobo ezingu-7 emigqeni emibili). Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuxilongwa, kubalulekile ukuhambisa isiqalisi endaweni ethi "ON" ngaphandle kokuqala injini.

Bese, usebenzisa isiqeshana sephepha, udinga ukuvala oxhumana nabo n. 8 futhi no. 9 kusixhumi (uma ubhekwa ukusuka kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla, lezi izimbobo ezimbili zokuqala ezitholakala emgqeni ongezansi). Oxhumana nabo bavalwa imizuzwana embalwa. I-clamp isusiwe, inkomba ye-CHECK kufanele ikhanye.

Kufanele ubale ngokunembile inani lokucwayiza okude nokufushane. Kulokhu, ukucwayiza okude kusho amashumi, nokucwayiza okufushane kusho okunye ekubethelweni kwekhodi yokuzihlola. Isibonelo, ukukhanya oku-5 okude noku-5 okufushane kwakha ikhodi 55. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akukho ukungasebenzi kahle kwenjini. Ukuze uqale kabusha ukuzixilonga, kufanele wenze ukulandelana okuchaziwe kwezenzo futhi.

Isibonelo, nali itafula lamakhodi okuzihlola wenjini ye-QD32ETi.

Ukuvimbela Ukuhlukana - Isheduli Yokulungisa

Akukhona nje kuphela ukusebenza ngokucophelela, kodwa futhi izinyathelo zokulondoloza ngesikhathi kuzosiza ukunweba ukuphila injini QD32 diesel futhi kuvimbele ukuwohloka kwayo. Umkhiqizi wakwa-Nissan usethe izikhathi zesevisi ezilandelayo zenzalo yakhe:

1. Shintsha isihlungi sikaphethiloli njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-40.
2. Ukulungiswa kwamasethi ama-valve ashisayo njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30.
3. Ukushintshwa kwamafutha enjini, kanye nesihlungi samafutha ngemuva kokugijima kwe-7,5 km.
4. Ukuhlanza i-crankcase ventilation system kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-1.
5. Shintsha isihlungi somoya njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-20.
6. I-Antifreeze ibuyekeza njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-40.
7. Ukushintsha i-multifold exhaust ngemva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-60.
8. Amakhandlela adinga ukushintshwa ngemva kokudlula amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-20.

Shintshanisa amasheya QD32

Inhloso yokuqala ye-QD32 motor, ebekwe umenzi, iyancipha ibe ukunyakaza okubushelelezi, okuthembekile nokuphephile. Ukuzinza okunjalo kuyadingeka, isibonelo, kumaveni okuhweba. Kodwa-ke, labo okufanele baphoqe ukuphuma emgwaqeni noma abafuna nje ukukhama amandla aphezulu kuyunithi kufanele benze ukushuna kwenjini okudingekayo okungenani.

Ukwandisa i-torque namandla enjini ye-QD32, izinyathelo ezilandelayo kufanele zithathwe:

1. Shintsha ama-injection uwafake asebenza kahle kakhulu.
2. Faka i-turbine yenkontileka enesistimu yokucindezela ye-atmospheres engu-1,2.
3. Ukuthuthukisa idrayivu ye-elekthronikhi yephampu yesibaseli enengcindezi ephezulu ibe ngeyomshini.
4. Faka i-high pressure fuel futha nama-injector kubakaki.
5. Isoftware yokuphatha ikhompuyutha eFlash.

Lapho sithuthukisa iyunithi yamandla, akufanele sikhohlwe ukuthi lokhu kwandisa umthwalo ku-chassis yemoto kanye nesistimu yayo yokuphepha. Kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile isistimu yamabhuleki, izigxivizo zenjini namabhuleki/amadiski. Injini ye-QD32 ivame ukufakwa kabusha ngamamodeli asekhaya (UAZ, Inyamazane).