Injini ye-Andrychów S320 Andoria iyinjini yezolimo yasePoland enepiston eyodwa.

Angakanani amandla angakhanywa ku-cylinder eyodwa? Injini kadizili i-S320 ikufakazele ukuthi ukushayela kahle komshini akudingeki ukuthi kusekelwe kumayunithi amakhulu. Hlola lokho odinga ukukwazi ngakho.

Amayunithi ase-Andoria, i.e. Injini ye-S320 - idatha yobuchwepheshe

Imboni yenjini ye-diesel e-Andrychov yakhiqiza imiklamo eminingi eyaziwa kuze kube namuhla. Enye yazo yinjini ye-S320, esethuthuke kaningana. Enguqulweni eyisisekelo, yayinesilinda esisodwa esinevolumu engu-1810 cm³. Iphampu yomjovo, yiqiniso, yayiyingxenye eyodwa, futhi umsebenzi wayo kwakuwukuphakela imbobo yenaliti. Lolu phiko lukhiqize amandla angu-18 amahhashi. I-torque enkulu ingu-84,4 Nm. Eminyakeni eyalandela, injini yathuthukiswa, okwakuhlanganisa ukuguqulwa kwemishini kanye nokwanda kwamandla ku-22 hp. Izinga lokushisa elinconywayo lokusebenzisa injini laliphakathi kuka-80-95°C.

Izici zobuchwepheshe zenjini ye-S320

Uma uhlolisisa kancane ekucacisweni kobuchwepheshe, ungabona imininingwane ethakazelisayo. Okokuqala, le yunithi yayisekelwe ekuqaleni mathupha. Yayifakwe ngakwesokudla uma ibhekwa ohlangothini lwesihlungi somoya senjini. Eminyakeni eyalandela, ukuqaliswa kukagesi kwethulwa kusetshenziswa i-starter motor. Ngokubonakala ekhanda, kwakukhona i-flywheel enkulu enamazinyo kwesokunxele sayo. Kuye ngenguqulo, injini ye-Andoria yayiqalwe nge-crank noma i-othomathikhi.

Izinguquko ezibaluleke kakhulu zenjini ye-S320

Inguqulo eyisisekelo yayinamandla angu-18 hp. futhi inesisindo esingama-330 kg esomile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yayinethangi likaphethiloli elingama-litre angu-15, isihlungi esikhulu somoya futhi sapholiswa ngamanzi ahwamukayo noma umoya ovunguzayo (izinguqulo ezincane ze-"esa"). Ukugcoba kwenziwa ngamafutha e-mineral motor asakazwa ngokufafaza. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinguqulo ezengeziwe zengezwa ebangeni lamayunithi - S320E, S320ER, S320M. Bezihlukene ngezinto zikagesi nangendlela eziqalwe ngayo. Inguqulo yakamuva, enamandla kakhulu ibe nesikhathi esihlukile sokujova uphethiloli uma kuqhathaniswa nohlobo lwe-S320. I-Andoria S320 ekuqaleni yayiyinjini yepiston evundlile. Lokhu kwashintsha ngokukhishwa kwemiklamo eyalandela.

Injini ye-S320 nokuhluka kwayo okwalandela

Zonke izinhlobo zamandla we-S320 kanye ne-S321, kanye ne-S322 ne-S323, zazifana ngento eyodwa - ububanzi be-cylinder kanye ne-piston stroke. Kwakungu-120 no-160 mm, ngokulandelana. Ngokusekelwe ekuxhumekeni kwamasilinda alandelanayo ahlelwe ngokuqondile, izinjini ezisetshenziselwa ukushayela izibhulo nemishini yezolimo zakhiwe. Okuhlukile kwe-S321 ngokuyisisekelo kuwumklamo oqondile, kodwa onokugudluzwa okukhudlwana okungu-2290 cm³. Amandla eyunithi ku-1500 rpm ayengama-27 hp. Izinjini ezisekelwe ku-ES, nokho, zazisekelwe emandleni okuqala futhi zaziphindaphindeka ngo-1810 cm³. Ngakho i-S322 ibe ne-3620cc bese i-S323 ibe ne-5430cc.

Imibono ethandwa kakhulu yokusebenzisa injini ye-S320

Izinguqulo zasefekthri zenjini echaziwe zisebenza njengamajeneretha kagesi kanye nomthombo wamandla wababhulayo, izigayo kanye nezicindezelayo. I-single-cylinder diesel engine nayo yayisetshenziswa ezimotweni zezolimo ezenziwe ekhaya. Izinguqulo zamasilinda amabili ze-322 ziphinde zabonwa kwezinye izinguquko, njenge-Mazur-D50 ugandaganda wezolimo wezibungu. Angaphinde atholakale namayunithi amakhulu e-S323C, lapho kwengezwe khona isiqalisi esinamandla. Njengamanje, abakhi bezindlu basebenzisa amathuba anikezwa yile yunithi futhi bayisebenzise ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.

Okuhlukile okuncanyana kwe-S320 okungukuthi i-S301 ne-S301D.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uhlobo oluncane oluvela emndenini wakwa- "S" lwaziswa emakethe. Sikhuluma ngeyunithi ye-S301, eyayinevolumu engu-503 cm³. Impela ibilula (105kg) kuneyakuqala ngo-330kg. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uguquko oluthile lwenziwa kububanzi besilinda, olwanda lusuka ku-80 kuya ku-85 cm. Ngenxa yalokhu, ivolumu yokusebenza yanda yaba ngu-567 cm³, futhi amandla aya ku-7 hp. Ukuhluka okuncane kwe-"esa" kwakuyisiphakamiso esihle kakhulu sokushayela imishini emincane yezolimo, futhi ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuncane.

Injini ye-S320 nezinhlobonhlobo zisathengiswa nanamuhla, ikakhulukazi emazweni angenayo imithetho eqinile yokukhipha umoya.

Isithombe. Ikhredithi: SQ9NIT nge-Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0