Injini 4A-GE
Okuqukethwe
Ukwakhiwa kwezinjini zakwaToyota A-series zikaphethiloli zangaphakathi kwaqala ngo-1970. Wonke amalungu omndeni bekungamayunithi kagesi angama-four-cylinder angu-1,3 kuya ku-1,8 amalitha. I-cast-iron cylinder block yenziwe ngokusakazwa, ikhanda lebhulokhi lenziwe nge-aluminium. Uchungechunge A lwenziwa esikhundleni sezinjini ezine-cylinder in-line low-power zomndeni wakwa-K, okuthe, akumangazi, zakhiqizwa kwaze kwaba ngu-2007. Injini engu-4A-GE, iyunithi yokuqala yamandla e-DOHC enamasilinda amane emgqeni, yavela ngo-1983 futhi yakhiqizwa ngezinguqulo eziningana kwaze kwaba ngu-1998.
Izizukulwane ezinhlanu
Izinhlamvu GE egameni lenjini zisho ukusetshenziswa kwama-camshaft amabili kumshini wesikhathi kanye nesistimu yomjovo kaphethiloli we-elekthronikhi. Ikhanda le-aluminium cylinder lakhiwe ngabakwaYamaha futhi lakhiqizwa embonini yakwaToyota iShimoyama. Ivele kancane, i-4A-GE ithole ukuthandwa okukhulu phakathi kwabathandi bokushuna, yasinda ezibuyekezweni ezinhlanu ezinkulu. Naphezu kokususwa kwenjini ekukhiqizeni, kunezingxenye ezintsha ezithengiswayo, ezikhiqizwa izinkampani ezincane zabathandi be-overclocking.
Isizukulwane sokuqala
Isizukulwane sokuqala sashintsha injini ye-80T-G ethandwa kakhulu kuma-2s, ekwakhiweni komshini wokusabalalisa igesi lapho ama-camshaft amabili asevele esetshenziswa ngaleso sikhathi. Amandla e-toyota 4A-GE ICE ayengu-112 hp. ku-6600 rpm emakethe yaseMelika, kanye ne-128 hp. ngesiJapane. Umehluko wawusekufakweni kwezinzwa zokugeleza komoya. Inguqulo yaseMelika, enenzwa ye-MAF, ikhawulele ukugeleza komoya emalini eningi edonsayo yenjini, okuholele ekwehleni kwamandla kancani, kodwa i-exhaust ehlanzeke kakhulu. EJapane, imithetho yokukhipha umoya yayingaqinile kangako ngaleso sikhathi. Inzwa yokugeleza komoya ye-MAP yandise amandla enjini, kuyilapho ingcolisa imvelo ngokungenasihawu.
Imfihlo ye-4A-GE kwakuwukuma okuhlobene kwama-valve okungenisa nawokukhipha. I-engeli engu-50 degrees phakathi kwawo inikeze izimo ezikahle zokuthi injini isebenze ngesivinini esiphezulu, kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho udedela igesi, amandla awela ezingeni lochungechunge oludala lwe-K.
Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, uhlelo lwe-T-VIS lwaklanyelwe ukulawula i-geometry yobuningi bokudla futhi ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe i-torque yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi yamasilinda amane. Isilinda ngasinye sasineziteshi ezimbili ezihlukene, eyodwa eyayingavinjwa nge-throttle. Lapho isivinini senjini sehla sibe ngu-4200 ngomzuzu, i-T-VIS ivala enye yeziteshi, ikhulisa izinga lokugeleza komoya, okudala izimo ezivumayo zokushiswa kwengxube ye-fuel-air. Ukukhiqizwa kwezinjini zesizukulwane sokuqala kwathatha iminyaka emine futhi kwaphela ngo-1987.
Isizukulwane sokuqala
Isizukulwane sesibili sihlukaniswa ububanzi obukhulayo bephephabhuku le-crankshaft, elibe nomthelela omuhle kumthombo wenjini. Ibhulokhi yesilinda ithole amaphiko okupholisa amane engeziwe, kanye nesembozo sekhanda lesilinda sapendwe saba mnyama. I-4A-GE yayisafakwe uhlelo lwe-T-VIS. Ukukhiqizwa kwesizukulwane sesibili kwaqala ngo-1987 futhi kwaphela ngo-1989.
Isizukulwane sokuqala
Isizukulwane sesithathu senze izinguquko ezinkulu ekwakhiweni kwenjini. Onjiniyela bakwaToyota Corporation bakuyekile ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-T-VIS, bamane banciphisa ubukhulu bejiyomethri bezinto eziningi eziwuthathayo. Kuningi okwenziwe ngcono ukuze kwandiswe impilo yenjini. Ukuklanywa kwama-pistons kushintshile - manje afakwe iminwe enobubanzi obungamamilimitha angamashumi amabili, ngokungafani neminwe eyishumi nesishiyagalombili yamamilimitha ezizukulwaneni ezedlule. Ama-nozzles okugcoba engeziwe afakwe ngaphansi kwama-pistons. Ukunxephezela ukulahlekelwa kwamandla okubangelwa ukushiywa kwesistimu ye-T-VIS, abaklami bandise isilinganiso sokucindezela kusuka ku-9,4 kuya ku-10,3. Isembozo sekhanda lesilinda sithole umbala osiliva kanye nokubhala okubomvu. Isizukulwane sesithathu sezinjini sigxilile esiteketisoni seRedtop. Ukukhiqiza kwaphela ngo-1991.
Lokhu kuphetha indaba ye-16-valve 4A-GE. Ngithanda ukwengeza ukuthi izizukulwane ezimbili zokuqala zisathandwa kakhulu abalandeli bochungechunge lwefilimu ethi Fast and the Furious ukuze kube lula ukulithuthukisa.
Isizukulwane sokuqala
Isizukulwane sesine saphawulwa ukushintshela kumklamo usebenzisa amavalvu amahlanu isilinda. Ngaphansi kwesikimu se-valve engamashumi amabili, ikhanda le-cylinder lihlelwe kabusha ngokuphelele. Isistimu yokusabalalisa igesi ye-VVT-I eyingqayizivele yasungulwa futhi yasetshenziswa, isilinganiso sokucindezela sanyuswa saba ngu-10,5. Umsabalalisi unesibopho sokuthungela. Ukuze kwandiswe ukwethembeka nempilo yesevisi yenjini, i-crankshaft iklanywe kabusha ngokuphelele.
Isembozo sekhanda lesilinda sithole umbala osiliva onombhalo we-chrome. I-4A-GE Silvertop moniker isabambelele ezinjinini zesizukulwane sesine. Ukukhululwa kwaqala ngo-1991 kuya ku-1995.
Isizukulwane sokuqala
Isizukulwane sesihlanu saklanywa ngamandla amakhulu engqondweni. Isilinganiso sokucindezela sengxube kaphethiloli siyanda, futhi silingana no-11. Ukushaya okusebenzayo kwama-valve okungena kuye kwanda ngo-3 mm. Ubuningi bokudla bushintshiwe. Ngenxa yomumo wejometri ophelele, ukugcwaliswa kwamasilinda ngengxube kaphethiloli sekuthuthukile. Isembozo esimnyama esimboze ikhanda lesilinda sasiyisizathu segama "elidumile" lenjini engu-4A-GE Blacktop.
Imininingwane ye-4A-GE kanye nobubanzi bayo
Injini engu-4A-GE 16v - 16 inguqulo yevalvu:
Ububanzi | 1,6 amalitha (1,587 cc) |
Amandla | I-115 - 128 HP |
I-Torque | 148 Nm ku-5,800 rpm |
Nqamula | I-7600 rpm |
Indlela yesikhathi | I-DOHC |
Uhlelo lokujova | i-electronic injector (MPFI) |
Uhlelo lwe-Ignition | i-breaker-distributor (umsabalalisi) |
Ububanzi besilinda | 81 mm |
Ukushaya kwesibhamu | 77 mm |
Isisindo | I-154 kg |
Insiza 4A-GE ngaphambi kokulungiswa kabusha | 500 km |
Eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili yokukhiqiza, inguqulo ye-16-valve ye-4A-GE injini ifakwe kulezi zimoto zokukhiqiza ezilandelayo:
Imodeli | Umzimba | Yonyaka | izwe |
---|---|---|---|
UCarina | AA63 | Juni 1983-1985 | Japan |
UCarina | AT160 | 1985-1988 | Japan |
UCarina | AT171 | 1988-1992 | Japan |
ICelica | AA63 | 1983-1985 | |
ICelica | AT160 | 1985-1989 | |
I-Corolla saloon, FX | AE82 | Okthoba 1984-1987 | |
Corolla Levin | AE86 | Meyi 1983-1987 | |
I-Corolla | AE92 | 1987-1993 | |
Corona | AT141 | Okthoba 1983-1985 | Japan |
Corona | AT160 | 1985-1988 | Japan |
MR2 | AW11 | Juni 1984-1989 | |
Sprinter | AE82 | Okthoba 1984-1987 | Japan |
Umgijimi uTrueno | AE86 | Meyi 1983-1987 | Japan |
Sprinter | AE92 | 1987-1992 | Japan |
I-Corolla GLi Twincam/Conquest RSi | I-AE86/AE92 | 1986-1993 | ENingizimu Afrika |
I-Chevy Nova | ngokusekelwe ku-Corolla AE82 | ||
I-GeoPrizm GSi | isekelwe kuToyota AE92 | 1990-1992 |
Injini engu-4A-GE 20v - 20 inguqulo yevalvu
Ububanzi | Ama-1,6 amalitha |
Amandla | 160 h.p. |
Indlela yesikhathi | VVT-i, DOHC |
Uhlelo lokujova | i-electronic injector (MPFI) |
Uhlelo lwe-Ignition | i-breaker-distributor (umsabalalisi) |
Isisetshenziswa senjini ngaphambi kokulungiswa kabusha | 500 km |
Njengesitimela esinamandla, i-4A-GE Silvertop isetshenziswe kulezi zimoto ezilandelayo:
Imodeli | Umzimba | Yonyaka |
---|---|---|
Corolla Levin | AE101 | 1991-1995 |
Umgijimi uTrueno | AE101 | 1991-1995 |
I-Corolla Ceres | AE101 | 1992-1995 |
Umgijimi Wasolwandle | AE101 | 1992-1995 |
I-Corolla | AE101 | 1991-2000 |
Sprinter | AE101 | 1991-2000 |
I-4A-GE Blacktop ifakwe ku:
Imodeli | Umzimba | Yonyaka |
---|---|---|
Corolla Levin | AE111 | 1995-2000 |
Umgijimi uTrueno | AE111 | 1995-2000 |
I-Corolla Ceres | AE101 | 1995-1998 |
Umgijimi Wasolwandle | AE101 | 1995-1998 |
Ukuvakasha kwe-Corolla BZ | I-AE101G | 1995-1999 |
I-Corolla | AE111 | 1995-2000 |
Sprinter | AE111 | 1995-1998 |
Umgijimi Carib | AE111 | 1997-2000 |
I-Corolla RSi ne-RXi | AE111 | 1997-2002 |
UCarina | AT210 | 1996-2001 |
Impilo yesibili 4A-GE
Ngenxa yomklamo ophumelele kakhulu, injini idume kakhulu ngisho neminyaka engu-15 ngemva kokuphela kokukhiqiza. Ukutholakala kwezingxenye ezintsha kwenza ukulungisa i-4A-GE kube umsebenzi olula. Abalandeli beTuning bayakwazi ukuphakamisa amandla enjini enama-valve angu-16 ukusuka ku-128 hp okuzisholo ukuthi. kuze ku-240!
Cishe zonke izingxenye zenjini evamile ziyashintshwa. Amasilinda, izihlalo kanye namapuleti ama-valve okungenisa kanye nokukhipha amanzi aphansi, ama-camshaft anama-angles wesikhathi ahlukile kulawo asefekthri afakiwe. Ukwanda kwezinga lokucindezelwa kwengxube ye-fuel-air kuyenziwa futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuguqulwa kuphethiloli ngenombolo ye-octane ephezulu kwenziwa. Iyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi evamile iyashintshwa.
Futhi lokhu akuwona umkhawulo. Abalandeli bamandla amakhulu, omakhenikha abanekhono nonjiniyela bafuna izindlela ezintsha ezengeziwe zokususa “eziyishumi” ezengeziwe ku-crankshaft ye-4A-GE yabo ethandekayo.