Injini 1HZ
Izinjini zaseJapan zifanelwe ukuhlonishwa emhlabeni wonke. Ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngamayunithi edizili anegama elithi HZ. Iyunithi yokuqala yamandla alo mugqa kwakuyinjini engu-1HZ - iyunithi yedizili eyi-voluminous eyaba yinganekwane ekuqaleni kwawo-90s.
Umlando nezici zenjini
Iyunithi yamandla eyi-1HZ yathuthukiswa ekuqaleni kwawo-90s ekhulwini elidlule ikakhulukazi isizukulwane esisha samaSUV ochungechunge lweLand Cruiser 80. Izimoto ezinalolu phiko zanikezwa cishe kuwo wonke amazwe omhlaba, ngoba umklamo wobunjiniyela be-Toyota 1HZ wenza kube nokwenzeka ukusebenzisa le njini kunoma yiziphi izimo.
Ukucaciswa bekuyisilinganiso esifanele:
| Ukusebenza kwevolumu | Ama-4.2 amalitha |
| I-Fuel | udizili |
| Amandla alinganisiwe | Amahhashi angu-129 ku-3800 rpm |
| I-Torque | 285 Nm ku-2200 rpm |
| Amandla wangempela wemayela (insiza) | 1 amakhilomitha |
Ekuqaleni kokukhiqizwa, udizili we-1HZ awuzange umenyezelwe yinhlangano njengeyunithi yamandla esigidi. Kodwa kakade phakathi neminyaka yama-90, kwacaca ukuthi amakhilomitha ayisigidi kude nomkhawulo wokuxhashazwa kwalesi simangaliso sobunjiniyela baseJapane.
Ezweni lakithi, usengakwazi ukuhlangabezana nama-SUVs okuqala afakwe izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ze-1HZ. Lezi zimoto zisethe kabusha ikhawunta yamakhilomitha futhi kuze kube namuhla aziwona amakhasimende avamile wesevisi yemoto.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko
Amandla amakhulu enjini akuzona izici zobuchwepheshe. Ngomthamo omkhulu kangaka, iyunithi ayikhiqizi amahhashi amaningi kangaka. Mhlawumbe, lokhu kushiyeka kuzolungiswa yi-turbine, kodwa ngakho amandla eyunithi azoncishiswa kakhulu.
Ngemva kokucubungula ukubuyekezwa kwabashayeli bezimoto ngeyunithi ye-1HZ, izinzuzo ezilandelayo ze-monster diesel ezivela kwaToyota zingahlukaniswa:
- Amandla amakhulu we-mileage;
- akukho monakalo omncane
- ukucubungula noma yikuphi uphethiloli we-diesel;
- ukubekezelelana kwezimo zokushisa ezinzima zokusebenza;
- iqembu elithembekile le-piston elingaphansi kokulungiswa kabusha nokuyisicefe.
Yiqiniso, ukwethembeka nokuthembeka kweyunithi kuncike ezimweni nezici zokusebenza kwayo. Uma ushintsha uwoyela ngesikhathi, lungisa ukucaciswa kwe-valve nokuvutha, izinkinga ngokusebenza kwemoto ngeke zivele.
Izinkinga zenjini ezingenzeka
Uma ukulungiswa kwe-valve kungenziwanga ngesikhathi esifanele, kodwa ngokubambezeleka okukhulu, ukwanda kokugqoka kwe-piston kungase kwenzeke. Futhi, ukulungiswa kweqembu le-piston kuyabonwa lapho kusetshenziswa ama-ester ahlukahlukene ukuze kuqalwe ngokushesha injini yomlilo yangaphakathi emakhazeni.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi phambi kwakho kukhona iyunithi yamandla endala. Kufanele uqaphele kakhulu naye. Ezinye izinkinga ezivamile zokulungisa zihlanganisa:
- uhlelo lwephampu lomjovo luhlupheka cishe kuzo zonke izinjini eziseduze namakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-500;
- iyunithi kufanele inikezwe isevisi nguchwepheshe kuphela - ukufakwa okukhethekile kwezimpawu zokuthungela ze-1HZ kuyadingeka lapha;
- uphethiloli wezinga eliphansi kancane kancane ucekela phansi i-piston group nama-valve.
Mhlawumbe awasekho amaphutha kule njini. Enye yezinzuzo zokuba nemoto enamandla anjalo ukuthi ungakwazi ukuthenga injini yenkontileka engu-1HZ uma uphiko lwendabuko seluhambe amakhilomitha angaphezu kwesigidi. Namuhla, inqubo enjalo ngeke ikubize imali eningi, kodwa izohlinzeka imoto ngenjini ecishe ibe yintsha.
Ukufingqa
Indawo okwakusetshenziswa injini engu-1HZ kwakuyiLand Cruiser 80, Land Cruiser 100 kanye neToyota Coaster Bus. Kuze kube manje, izimoto ezinalawa mayunithi amandla zisaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa futhi azibavumeli abanikazi bazo behlise umoya.
Kwakungenye yezinjini ezihamba phambili zeToyota Corporation, eyabamba iqhaza elikhulu ekwakheni igama lenkampani. Kungenxa yokusungulwa okunjalo ukuthi le nkampani ihlonishwa emhlabeni wonke namuhla.
