Kuyabiza, kodwa kuze kube phakade: ama-ceramic brake discs
Okuqukethwe
Umkhumbi-mkhathi ongena emkhathini womhlaba uthola ukumelana komoya okukhulu. Yingakho ama-capsules asemkhathini nama-shuttles enokuvikelwa okushisayo okukwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Lawa ma-tiles e-ceramic athole indlela yawo embonini yezimoto ngendlela yama-brake discs. Phela i-brake system ithinteka kakhulu izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ngenxa yokungqubuzana.
Ayini amabhuleki e-ceramic?
Ukuzwa izwi izitsha zobumba ”, ungase ucabange ngezitsha zobumba. Ngempela , izingxenye ze-ceramic zifunwa kakhulu embonini. Yabo ikakhulukazi umphumela onamandla wokuvikela ngokumelene nokukhuphuka kwamandla nokushisa kuwenza abe into efanelekile ezindaweni eziyingozi kakhulu .
Amabhuleki asebenzisa i-ceramic material ekhethekile: Inhlanganisela ye-carbon fibre kanye ne-silicon carbide iyinhlanganisela ekahle yokumunca amandla aphezulu okukhuhlana.
Ngakho-ke, amabhuleki e-ceramic afakwe ingxenye eyodwa noma ngaphezulu eyenziwe ngale nto, enakho kokubili okuhle nokubi .
Ilungele umphumela wokufiphala
Amabhuleki emoto asebenza ngokungqubuzana. . Isithwali esimile esinomugqa sicindezelwa ngokumelene nesici esijikelezayo, sidala amandla angqubuzanayo, ngaleyo ndlela sinciphise amandla okunyakaza. I-Friction idala ukushisa okweqile, okungaba inkinga.
Lapho izinga lokushisa lokungqubuzana lisondela endaweni yokuncibilika yento ejikelezayo, okungukuthi idiski noma isigubhu , umphumela wokubhuleka uyancipha . Ezigubhu zamabhuleki eseziphelelwe yisikhathi, lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kwakuholela ekuhlulekeni okuphelele.
Yilapho ama-ceramic brake discs anikeza khona isisombululo. . Izinto zabo zokwakha zinezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lokuncibilika elingakaze lifinyelelwe ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo zokushayela ezinzima kakhulu. Amadiski e-Carbon ceramic brake awagcini nje ngokulula futhi aphephile ; ngokusetshenziswa okuvamile, zihlala phakade. Ithemu isevisi efinyelela ku-350 km iyindinganiso yalezi zakhi.
Ama-Gray cast steel brake discs ajwayele ukugqwala ngenxa yezinto ezibonakalayo . Lawa mamojula ancike kakhulu kumphumela wawo wokuzihlanza ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile zokushayela.
Njengempahla engeyona eyensimbi, i-carbon-ceramic composite ivikelekile ngokuphelele kusawoti kanye nokugqwala. . Ukungabi bikho kwe-rust flash kanye nokuhuzuka okuhambisanayo kongqimba lokugqwala ngesikhathi sokubhuleka kuyisici esibalulekile ekuqineni kokumelana nama-carbon-ceramic brake discs.
Inkinga enkulu: ukuchithwa kokushisa
Ukushisa okukhiqizwe ama-carbon-ceramic brake discs akusamuncwa ngakho-ke izingxenye ezizungezile zivezwe kuzinga lokushisa. . Njengomphumela wokukhiqiza ukushisa, amapayipi amabhuleki nezintambo zezinzwa kudingeka avikelwe nge-ceramic fiber insulation.
Amazinga okushisa anomkhawulo akalwe kulawa mamojuli kufika ku-1600°C. Ama-Ceramic brake discs adinga ama-brake pads afanayo. Ngakho-ke, ukufaka ama-brake disc esikhundleni sama-brake discs kuyinselele kakhulu kunalokho okuvame ukukholelwa.
Akukho ukugebenga - okwamanje
Ama-Gray cast steel brake disc ayabunjwa ngomjovo bese ayagaywa ngosayizi . Uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, i-brake disc ivele incibilike bese isakazwa kabusha. Cishe akukho ukulahlekelwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kule nqubo yokukhiqiza.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-carbon-ceramic brake disc angasebenzi kahle awakwazi ukuncibilika. . Zingachotshozwa futhi zisetshenziswe njengesengezo embonini yezokwakha. Nokho, ukugaywa kabusha okushibhile kwezinto ezilahliwe nezinsalela, okuvamile emsebenzini wensimbi, akusebenzi lapha. .
Lesi ngesinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani ama-carbon ceramic brake discs abiza kakhulu . Ukuze uqhathanise: isistimu yamabhuleki e-ceramic ingabiza kalula kufikela ku-€10 (±£000) . Ayikhokhi ngisho izimoto zomndeni zikanokusho. Ngakho ukulungiselelwa okuzenzakalelayo kubekelwe ama-limousine, izimoto zezemidlalo, izimoto zokugijima ezichwepheshile, amaveni e-CIT и izimoto zezikhali .
Kodwa-ke, ukuhamba kukagesi kungase kuqhube ukutholwa okujwayelekile . Ngaphezu kokusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki nokuqina okukhethekile, amabhuleki e-carbon ceramic alula kakhulu . Emotweni kagesi, yonke i-ounce elondoloziwe ithinta ngokushesha ububanzi bayo. Ngakho-ke, ama-carbon-ceramic brake discs angaba nomthelela ekongeni isisindo. Nokho, lokhu kusekude phambili.
Ukusetshenziswa okuzuzisayo kwe-ceramics
Noma kunjalo usebenzisa izingxenye ze-ceramic ezimotweni ezijwayelekile zifanelekile . Esikhundleni sokushintsha amasondo ensimbi afakwe izingxenye ze-carbon-ceramic, enye indlela eyanele ukufakwa kwamabhuleki e-ceramic.
Amabhuleki e-Ceramic ayatholakala kubakhiqizi abaziwayo njengesesekeli . Afakwe ngendlela efanayo ncamashi namabhuleki endabuko. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuyasiza izinzuzo eziningana:
| - ukwanda kokumelana nokugqoka - ukuhuzuka okuncane – ukuncishiswa komsindo – ukubamba kangcono ngediski yebhuleki emanzi |
Ukusebenza kwamabhuleki Amabhuleki e-Ceramic angaqhathaniswa namaphedi endabuko. Bhele emqondweni uma imoto yakho ifakwe amarimu amahle, uzenzela umusa ngokusebenzisa amabhuleki e-ceramic . Ukuhuzuka okwesabekayo kuvame ukushiya ungqimba lothuli olunenkani okunzima ukulususa. Amabhuleki e-Ceramic abangela ukuhuzuka okuncane kakhulu.
Konke okumangazayo ama-brake kits ashibhile ane-ceramic brake linings. Abakhiqizi abanophawu banikeza amanani alesi sixazululo angeqi neze amanani entengo yamabhuleki endabuko: ikhithi yamabhuleki ye-ATE, okuhlanganisa i-brake disc, ama-linings nezinye izingxenye ezengeziwe, izindleko ezisuka cishe. €130 (± £115) .
Lokhu akukhona neze okweqile kumkhiqizo wekhwalithi ye-OEM ovela kumnikezeli othembekile. . Lezi zintengo eziphansi zenza kubeluleka ukukhetha lesi sici ekulungiseni kwakho amabhuleki okulandelayo.
Njalo khetha ukusungula izinto ezintsha
Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-brake discs kudlula ukusetshenziswa kwezitsha zobumba. Intuthuko yakamuva i-hybrid drives: Idiski yebhuleki yensimbi empunga yendabuko ifakwe kumnikazi we-aluminium . Lapho kudingeka khona izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokuguga nokunciphisa ukushisa, ama-hybrid brake discs ahlinzeka ngokusebenza okugcwele.
Igama elithi "mass" lilapha: ama-single brake discs alula cishe awakaze asetshenziswe kulezi zinsuku . Ama-Dual ventilated brake discs manje asejwayelekile kwi-ekseli yangaphambili.
Ngeshwa izinzuzo eziningi ezinikezwa yilezi zingxenye ezintsha njengokuthuthukiswa kokukhipha ukushisa nokusebenza , hambisana nenqwaba eyengeziwe.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungalungiswa kweminye imininingwane: lapho i-heavy cast steel ingeza esisindweni sisonke semoto, ama-hybrid brake discs afaka i-aluminium engasindi . Ingxenye yokuxhuma phakathi kweringi yebhuleki nehabhu lamasondo yenziwe ngayo insimbi ekhanyayo kuma-brake discs wokusebenza okuphezulu .
Yiqiniso, lokhu kungumnikelo omncane kuphela ekunciphiseni isisindo. . Kodwa-ke, njengoba ama-brake discs eyisisindo esibucayi esinyakazayo, noma yikuphi ukuncipha kwesisindo kwamukelekile. I-lightweight brake disc idala ukungalingani okuncane ngenkathi igcina indlela ye-steer axle eyinkimbinkimbi.
Awukho umehluko ngekhwalithi amandla e-aluminium ku-alloy efanele manje angaqhathaniswa nensimbi .
Kungani i-rim yonke ingenayo i-aluminium?
Ukwenziwa kwayo yonke i-brake disc kusuka ku-aluminium akunakwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili:
| – indawo yokuncibilika ephansi - ayinamandla ngokwanele |
i-aluminium iyancibilika ku-600°C . I-standard braking maneuver iholela kalula emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-1000 ° C , futhi kanjalo insimbi elula izohluleka ngemva kwemizamo embalwa yokubhuleka.
Futhi ngaphezu kwalokho: i-aluminium ingaphansi kokuhuzuka. Ukugqoka akwamukelekile ngisho nokubhuleka ngokucophelela. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi ekhanyayo njengesisekelo sendandatho ye-brake kuyisicelo esiphezulu salesi simiso ohlelweni lwe-brake.
