Izinkomba ezengeziwe. Yazi okwengeziwe
Umshayeli uthola ulwazi oluncane mayelana nemingcele yenjini. Amanye amamodeli ane-tachometer kuphela kumadeshibhodi. Izikhala zingagcwaliswa ngezinkomba ezisizayo.
Abaklami bezimoto besimanje babonakala befinyelele esiphethweni sokuthi umshayeli akufanele athweswe isamba esikhulu solwazi mayelana nohlangothi lwemishini yemoto. Lokhu kulungile? Ukungabikho kwegeji yokushisa epholile kuyisibonelo sokuncisha ngokweqile. Ngisho nenjini elula akumele igcwale kakhulu ngaphambi kokuthi ifinyelele izinga lokushisa lokusebenza. Izinga lokuphumelela kwayo lincike ezintweni eziningi - ekushiseni okuzungezile, ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza kahle kwenjini, ezimweni zomgwaqo kanye nezinga lokusetshenziswa kokushisa.
Njengomthetho, inaliti yokushisa epholile iyama engxenyeni yesikali ngemva kwamakhilomitha ambalwa. Nokho, lokhu akusho ukuthi ibhayisikili lifudunyezwe kahle. Izinga lokushisa likawoyela ngokuvamile alidluli ku-50 degrees Celsius, okusho ukuthi ukucindezela igesi phansi akulungile enjinini - amabhushi, ama-camshaft, nama-turbocharger kuzoba yinhliziyo yenkinga. I-lubricant ifinyelela izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kaningi ngemuva kwamakhilomitha ayi-10-15. Isikhathi eside, ukulayisha kwenjini ephezulu kuthinta kakhulu izinga lokushisa likawoyela. Lokhu, futhi, kusheshisa ukuguga kwe-lubricant futhi kungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwefilimu yamafutha. Uma iqala ukweqa i-120 degrees Celsius, kufanelekile ukukhawulela ingcindezi ku-accelerator pedal.
Ezimotweni zanamuhla, izinzwa zokushisa kwamafutha, ngeshwa, ziyivelakancane. Ngaphezu kwemiklamo evamile yezemidlalo, singayithola phakathi kwezinye izinto. kumamodeli anamandla e-BMW noma e-Peugeot 508. Ezimotweni ze-Volkswagen Group, ulwazi lungabizwa kumenyu yekhompyutha esebhodini.
Indaba yokuntuleka kwe-oyili noma igeji yokushisa epholile, yebo, ingaxazululwa. Ukunikezwa kwezinkomba ezengeziwe kucebile kakhulu. Amashumi ambalwa ama-zloty anele "iwashi" elilula kanye nenzwa esebenza ngayo. Imikhiqizo yezinkampani ezidume kakhulu, njenge-Defi, ehlonishwa ngokunemba kwezinkomba kanye nobuhle bokubulawa, ibiza ama-zloty angamakhulu amaningana.
Inzwa yomfutho kawoyela, engavamile ukutholakala ezimotweni zesimanje, isiza ukuhlonza izinkinga zokugcoba kusenesikhathi. Isithonjana esibomvu kudeshibhodi siyindlela yokugcina futhi ngeke sibonise umfutho ophansi kawoyela. Izokhanya lapho ingcindezi yehla icishe ifinyelele ku-zero - uma umshayeli engayivali injini phakathi nemizuzwana embalwa, khona-ke idrayivu izofaneleka ukushintshwa.
Ulwazi mayelana nomfutho kawoyela futhi likuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukuthi injini ifudumale ngendlela efanele yini. Ngaphambi kokuba amafutha afinyelele izinga lokushisa lokusebenza, ukucindezela kwamafutha kuzoba phezulu. Uma iyunithi yokushayela ishisa ngokweqile, yehlela kumazinga aphansi ayingozi.
I-boost pressure gauge isiza nasekuhloleni impilo yeyunithi yamandla. Aphansi kakhulu, kanye namanani alinganiselwe, abonisa inkinga ngesistimu yokulawula noma i-turbocharger. Izimpawu eziyisixwayiso akufanele zithathwe kancane. Ukungahambi kahle akukwazi nje ukuphazamisa ukwakheka kwengxube. Ukulayisha ngokweqile kudala umthwalo owedlulele kusistimu ye-crank-piston.
Ezimotweni zesimanje, akukho ukushoda kwezamukeli zikagesi. Ukusebenzisa kakhulu kuhlanganiswe nokushayela ibanga elifushane kuphumela ekushajeni ngaphansi unomphela kwebhethri. Ubani ongathanda ukugwema izinkinga ngogesi angahlomisa imoto nge-voltmeter - ngemva kokuguqula ukhiye ekushiseni, kuyacaca ukuthi i-voltage ilungile. Uma ichezuka kakhulu ku-12,5 V, ibhethri idinga ukushajwa kabusha ngeshaja noma amakhilomitha amaningi eshayelwa kunangaphambili. Ukufundwa kwe-voltmeter ngesikhathi esisodwa kuphendula umbuzo wokuthi ngabe i-voltage yamanje yokushaja igcinwa ezingeni elifunayo. Ukuze ube nolwazi oluphelele mayelana nesimo se-generator, kufanele futhi uthenge i-ammeter.
Ukufaka izinkomba ezengeziwe akunzima ikakhulukazi. Eyamanje yokunika amandla inkomba nokukhanya kwayo kwangemuva kungathathwa kumahhanisi esistimu yomsindo. Sixhuma i-mechanical boost gauge ku-multifold intake hose yerabha. Uzakwabo we-elekthronikhi othuthuke kakhulu usebenzisa amasignali enzwa. Uma ukhweza igeji yezinga lokushisa eliwuketshezi noma likawoyela, inzwa kufanele ikrufunwe emugqeni wokupholisa noma kawoyela. Isethi eyisisekelo yokhiye yanele ukusebenza - inzwa ngokuvamile ingafakwa ngesikulufu esikhundleni sezimbobo zasembonini, ezihlala zixhunywe ngezikulufo.
Ezimotweni zanamuhla, ezinezinzwa, akudingekile ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthenga izinkomba ezengeziwe. Isilawuli senjini sinesethi ephelele yolwazi - kusukela ekucindezelweni kwe-boost, ngokusebenzisa i-voltage kumatheminali ebhethri, ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli, okuvezwe ngamalitha, kuya ekushiseni kukawoyela.
Izindlela zokufinyelela idatha ziyahlukahluka. Isibonelo, ezimotweni ezintsha zakwa-Volkswagen, izinga lokushisa likawoyela lizovezwa ngemva kokukhetha ibhokisi elifanele kumenyu yekhompyutha esebhodini. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, kufanele unqume ukuthinta izinto zikagesi noma uxhume imojuli kunqwaba ezokhulisa ububanzi bemilayezo etholakalayo.
Ungasebenzisa futhi isithwebuli se-OBD esisebenza nge-Bluetooth kanye ne-smartphone enohlelo lokusebenza. Imojula yokuxilonga inikeza ukufinyelela enanini elikhulu lolwazi. Futhi kuyisixazululo esishibhe kakhulu esingadingi ukungenelela esakhiweni semoto. Amaphutha? Indawo yesixhumi sokuxilonga kwezinye izimoto - ezingeni ledolo lesokunxele lomshayeli, ngemuva kwe-ashtray, njll. - kunalokho akubandakanyi ukushayela njalo ngesithwebuli esixhunyiwe. Kukhona nezinkinga zokusebenzisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethiwe namadivayisi.
