Isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxilonga noma isithwebuli sokuxilonga - kuthiwani ngokuxilonga imoto?

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izimoto zakamuva ziminyene ngogesi futhi ukwakheka kwazo kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunangaphambili, ukuxilonga ukungasebenzi akufanele kube nzima. Lokhu kudinga ngisho nesixhumi esibonakalayo esiyisisekelo esingasetshenziswa ukufunda amaphutha kuyunithi yokulawula. Kodwa-ke, kunamadivaysi ambalwa anjalo, amanye awo anikeza inani elincane lezinketho, kanti amanye anikeza konke okusemandleni. Ungakuthola kanjani okulungile kuwe? Ngakho yini okudingeka uyazi ngabo? Kungaba yini ukukhetha okufanele?

Sisebenza kanjani isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxilonga imoto?

Imfihlo ilele kusixhumi se-OBDII (“i-on-board diagnostics”). Inesibopho sokudlulisa amasiginali ukusuka kuyunithi yokulawula ukuzihlola kwemoto iye kudivayisi ephumayo. Isibopho sokufaka lolu hlobo lwesokhethi senziwe ezimotweni ezakhiwe kusukela ngo-1996 e-USA, naseYurophu kusukela ngo-2001. Ngakho-ke, zonke izimoto kusukela 2000 ngokuvamile ifakwe isixhumi esinjalo. Nokho, isokhethi eyodwa ayanele ukufunda amasignali.

Ukuxilongwa kwemoto ngomhloli

Imishini ekuvumela ukuthi ufunde amasiginali athunyelwe kusixhumi se-OBDII iyisixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxilonga esisebenza ngokuya ngephrothokholi ye-ELM327. Leli yikhiyubhu encane ye-trapezoidal efakwa endaweni yokuphuma. Kokubili isixhumi ngokwaso kanye nepulaki zenziwe ngendlela yokuthi zingaphambanisi izinhlangothi zokuxhuma imishini. Ngakho-ke, akekho umsebenzisi wemoto okufanele abe nenkinga yokuyifaka.

Idivayisi elandelayo oyidingayo i-smartphone, ithebhulethi, ikhompuyutha ephathekayo, noma enye idivayisi eyamukela isignali ye-Bluetooth ethunyelwe i-elm327. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyadingeka ukubeka isoftware kuyo ezofunda amasignali futhi yazise umshayeli ngamaphutha abonakala kukhompyutha yemoto. Nokho, leli akulona ithuluzi kuphela elingasetshenziswa ukuxilonga izimoto.

Iyini iphrothokholi ye-ELM327? 

Iphrothokholi ye-ELM327 iwuhlobo lwedivayisi oluyisisekelo futhi oluguquguqukayo olusebenza kahle njengesikena sokuxilonga. Ibonisa ulwazi oluyisisekelo olufana namakhodi ephutha noma idatha yedrayivu. Nokho, ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe futhi ube nomthelela omkhulu ekuxilongweni kwemoto, ungakhetha ezinye izixhumi ezibonakalayo. Imvamisa zinikezelwe kumabhrendi athile noma izinto ezikhathazayo.

Iyiphi i-autotester okufanele uyikhethe?

Uma ufuna ukuthola umbono wemininingwane emincane kakhulu, khetha isixhumi esibonakalayo esizinikele sokuxilonga. 

1. Isibonelo, ngezimoto zeqembu le-VAG, i.e. I-Audi, Seat, Skoda, Volkswagen, uzodinga imojuli yegama. 
2. Ezimotweni zakwa-BMW, ​​lezi, isibonelo, i-Carly ne-K+DCAN. 
3. Uma ungumnikazi wemoto ye-FCA, ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu kungaba i-OBD2 VAG KKL noma i-FIATECUSCAN.

Yini engahlolwa ngokusebenzisa izixhumanisi zokuxilonga?

Amakhono athuthukile wezinhlelo zokuxilonga ezikhokhelwayo kanye nezindawo ezikhethekile zidlula amandla ezixazululo zomhlaba wonke. Ukusebenzisa isithwebuli sokuxilonga, ungakwazi, phakathi kwezinye izinto:

• qapha amapharamitha wokusebenza kwenjini afana nezinga lokushisa elipholile, izinga lokushisa likawoyela, izinga lomjovo wengxube yomoya/kaphethiloli, ingcindezi ye-turbocharger boost, ukufundwa kwe-lambda probe, noma i-voltage yebhethri;
• ukufunda uhlu lwamaphutha abangelwa ukwephulwa okutholwe yizinzwa nokuwasusa;
• ukukala ukusebenza kweyunithi yokushayela - amandla, i-torque, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngokushesha;
• Hlola ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zomuntu ngamunye, isibonelo, i-air conditioning.
• lungisa ukusebenza kwezinye izinhlelo - isikhathi lapho ukukhanya kuvuliwe ngemva kokuvalwa komnyango, ukuzwela kwezinzwa zemvula;
• gcina ukusebenza kwenjini ngenkathi ushayela.

Izinhlobo zokuxhuma zokuxilonga imoto. Isixhumanisi sokuxilonga esingenantambo

Ukukhetha akukukhulu kakhulu, ngoba kukhona amadivaysi emakethe asebenza ku-Bluetooth, i-Wi-Fi nezinhlelo zekhebula. I-wireless ivame ukusetshenziselwa umsebenzi oyisisekelo wokuxilonga. Zilula futhi kulula ukuzisebenzisa, azidingi i-wiring. Imibono mayelana nesixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxilonga okungenantambo ngokuvamile mihle, futhi abashayeli abayisebenzisa nsuku zonke bayeneliseka.

Nokho, ngokuvamile izinguqulo ezinezintambo zikuvumela ukuthi ufunde idatha ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi kwezinye izimo uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe olungatholakali ezinguqulweni zomhlaba wonke ezingenazintambo. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukuhlaziya ukusebenza kwenjini njalo futhi uthole ulwazi oluyisisekelo, imodeli engenantambo yikho konke okudingayo. Ukuze uthole ukuxilonga okubucayi, khetha amakhophi ekhebula.

Iluphi uhlelo ongalusebenzisela umhloli wokuxilonga?

Kunezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ze-Android, i-iOS neWindows. Zingahlukaniswa zibe mahhala futhi zikhokhelwe. Ngokuvamile lezi izinhlelo ezifanayo ngamagama afanayo, isibonelo, Torque, Car Scanner, Piston, Dash Command, OBDeleven, OBD Mary, OBD Harry Scan. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zamahhala, isikhombimsebenzisi sokuxilonga sizobonisa ulwazi oluncane, kodwa ngokuvamile sizokuvumela ukuthi ususe amaphutha avela kusilawuli futhi uwahlole ngokucophelela. Ikhokhiwe. Izinguqulo ezinwetshiwe ziklanyelwe ukukala amapharamitha engeziwe futhi zinike amandla ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe.

Kungani kuwufanele ukutshala imali kusixhumi esibonakalayo futhi wenze ukuxilonga imoto ngokwakho?

Okokuqala, ukuba ne-interface yokuxilonga kuyasebenziseka kakhulu. Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngenkathi ushayela, ungakwazi ukuqapha ukuziphatha kwenjini futhi ubambe izimbangela zokungasebenzi kahle okungenzeka. 

Izixhumanisi zokuxilonga njengendlela yokonga imali? 

I-interface yokuxilonga izokongela inani elihloniphekile lemali. Cabanga ngesimo lapho isithonjana "sokuhlola injini" sivela kudeshibhodi. Ingase ibonise izinkinga namaphutha ahlukahlukene. Indlela elula ukufika esitolo esiseduze sokukhanda izimoto, lapho uzokhokha khona ama-euro angama-50-10 ngenkonzo yokuxhuma ikhompyutha yokuxilonga kanye namaphutha okusula, futhi kuthiwani uma ngesonto noma amabili, futhi okubi kakhulu, ngokufanayo. ngosuku ngemva kokuqalisa kabusha injini, ingabe inkinga iyabuya? Ngemva kokuvakasha okunjalo okuningana, izindleko zesixhumi esibonakalayo ziyakhokha.

I-interface yokuxilonga yomuntu siqu izokuvumela ukuthi usethe kabusha iphutha ngokwakho. Ungakwazi futhi ukuyisebenzisela ukuqapha njalo ukuziphatha kwenjini, ukusebenza kanye nokulinganisa amasistimu ngokwakho ngaphandle kokuvakashela umakhenikha. Yiqiniso, kuhle ukuba okungenani nolwazi oluyisisekelo lwemishini kanye ne-electromechanical ukuze ushintshe izilungiselelo emotweni ngale ndlela.

Izikena zokuxilonga nezixhumi ezibonakalayo

Izikena zezimoto, okungukuthi izikena zokuxilonga, zenzelwe omakhenikha kanye nabantu abafuna ngamandla. Zihluke kanjani ezindaweni zokuxilonga?

Izikena eziningi zokuxilonga zifakwe:

• ezizimele;
• ikhono lokufunda idatha kunoma iyiphi imoto;
• amakhandlela iningi lezimoto
• kanye nokuvumela ukungenelela okubanzi ezinhlelweni zemoto ethile. 

Ngokuvamile, izikena zezimoto nazo zinesofthiwe ebanzi, isizindalwazi esiphelele nesibuyekezwa njalo samakhodi wamaphutha nolunye ulwazi mayelana nezimoto. Ngezikena zokuxilonga, unezinketho eziningi zokuxazulula inkinga nokuxazulula inkinga. Kodwa-ke, okubi yintengo yokuthenga ephezulu ngokungangabazeki futhi ngokuvamile isidingo sokuvuselela ukubhalisa.

Yisiphi isikhombimsebenzisi ongakhetha - ELM327 noma enye?

Uma ungenayo intshisekelo yokumba emigwaqweni engemuva yesilawuli sekhompiyutha, khona-ke umhloli wokuxilonga we-ELM327 uyisinqumo esifanele. Izokunikeza ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwephutha kanye nemingcele yenjini eyisisekelo. Intengo yedivayisi enjalo ingamashumi amaningana ama-zloty, uma sikhuluma ngezinguqulo ezishibhile. Kanye nohlelo lokusebenza lwefoni lwamahhala futhi uzokwazi ukuxilonga izinkinga emotweni yakho ngaphandle kwalutho. Uma okuyisisekelo kungahambisani nawe futhi ufuna ezinye izinketho, sebenzisa isithwebuli esizinikezele sokuxilonga kanye nohlelo lokusebenza olukhokhelwayo, oluklanywe kahle. Bese ungathola ulwazi oluningi olwengeziwe mayelana nemoto yakho futhi, okubalulekile, ushintshe okuningi kuyo. Koomakhenikha, amakhithi okusebenzelana ochwepheshe ayanconywa.