Inzwa yesimo seCamshaft

Izinjini zesimanje zinedivayisi eyinkimbinkimbi futhi zilawulwa iyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi esekelwe kumasignali wezinzwa. Inzwa ngayinye iqapha amapharamitha athile abonisa ukusebenza kwenjini ngesikhathi samanje, futhi idlulisela ulwazi kukhompyutha. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lokuphatha injini: inzwa ye-camshaft position (DPRS).

Yini i-DPRV

Isifinyezo esithi DPRV simelela i-Camshaft Position Sensor. Amanye amagama: Inzwa yehholo, isigaba noma i-CMP (isifinyezo ngesiNgisi). Kusukela egameni kuyacaca ukuthi uhileleke ekusebenzeni kwendlela yokusabalalisa igesi. Ngokunemba kakhudlwana, ngokusekelwe kudatha yayo, isistimu ibala izikhathi ezifanelekile zokujova uphethiloli nokuthungela.

Le nzwa isebenzisa i-voltage yereferensi (yokunikezela) yama-volts angu-5, futhi ingxenye yayo eyinhloko iyisici seHall sensing. Yena ngokwakhe akanqumi umzuzu womjovo noma ukuthungela, kodwa udlulisela ulwazi mayelana nomzuzu lapho i-piston ifinyelela ku-TDC yokuqala yesilinda. Ngokusekelwe kule datha, isikhathi nobude bomjovo kubalwa.

Emsebenzini wayo, i-DPRV ixhumeke ngokusebenza ku-crankshaft position sensor (DPKV), nayo enesibopho sokusebenza kahle kwesistimu yokuthungela. Uma ngesizathu esithile inzwa ye-camshaft ihluleka, idatha eyinhloko evela ku-crankshaft sensor izocatshangelwa. Isignali evela ku-DPKV ibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwesistimu yokuthungela nokujova, ngaphandle kwayo, injini ngeke isebenze.

I-DPRV isetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinjini zesimanje, okuhlanganisa izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezinesistimu yesikhathi se-valve eguquguqukayo. Kufakwe ekhanda le-cylinder, kuye ngokuthi injini yakhiwe kanjani.

Idivayisi yenzwa yeCamshaft

Njengoba sekushiwo, inzwa isebenza ngesisekelo somphumela weHholo. Lo mphumela watholwa ngekhulu le-19 ngusosayensi wegama elifanayo. Waqaphela ukuthi uma umbane oqondile udlula epuleti elincane elibekwe endaweni yesenzo sikazibuthe unomphela, khona-ke umehluko ongase ube khona uyakhiwa kwezinye iziphetho zawo. Okusho ukuthi, ngaphansi kwethonya lokungeniswa kazibuthe, ingxenye yama-electron iyaphambuka futhi yakha i-voltage encane kobunye ubuso bepuleti (i-Hall voltage). Isetshenziswa njengesignali.

I-DPRV ihlelwe ngendlela efanayo, kuphela ethuthuke kakhulu. Iqukethe uzibuthe unomphela kanye ne-semiconductor okuxhunywe kuyo izikhonkwane ezine. I-voltage yesignali inikezwa kumjikelezo omncane ohlanganisiwe, lapho icutshungulwa khona, futhi othintana nabo abavamile (ababili noma abathathu) sebevele bephuma endlini yezinzwa. Umzimba wenziwe ngepulasitiki.

Ukuthi isebenza kanjani

I-drive disk (isondo lokushayela) ifakwe ku-camshaft ebhekene ne-DPRV. Ngokulandelayo, amazinyo akhethekile noma ama-protrusions ayenziwa kudiski ye-camshaft drive. Okwamanje lapho le mithelela idlula inzwa, i-DPRV ikhiqiza isignali yedijithali yefomu elikhethekile, ebonisa ukushaywa kwamanje kwepiston kumasilinda.

Ukusebenza kwenzwa ye-camshaft kucatshangelwa kahle kakhulu kanye nokusebenza kwe-DPKV. Kuwo wonke ama-revolution amabili e-crankshaft, kukhona ukuphenduka okukodwa komsabalalisi. Lena imfihlo yokuvumelanisa umjovo kanye nezinhlelo zokuthungela. Ngamanye amazwi, i-DPRV ne-DPKV zibonisa umzuzu wokucindezelwa kwe-stroke kusilinda sokuqala.

I-crankshaft drive disc inamazinyo angama-58 (60-2), okungukuthi, lapho ingxenye enegebe lamazinyo amabili idlula inzwa ye-crankshaft, uhlelo luqhathanisa isiginali ne-DPRV kanye ne-DPKV futhi lunquma umzuzu womjovo kusilinda sokuqala. . Ngemva kwamazinyo angu-30, ijovwa, isibonelo, ku-cylinder yesithathu, bese ingena kwesine neyesibili. Lena yindlela ukuvumelanisa okusebenza ngayo. Zonke lezi zimpawu zingama-pulses afundwa iyunithi yokulawula. Bangabonakala kuphela ngesimo samagagasi.

Izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle

Kumele kushiwo ngaso leso sikhathi ukuthi nge-sensor ye-camshaft enephutha, injini izoqhubeka nokusebenza futhi iqale, kodwa ngokubambezeleka okuthile.

Izimpawu ezilandelayo zingase zibonise ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-DPRV:

• ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, njengoba uhlelo lomjovo lungavumelaniswa;
• imoto iyanyakaza, ilahlekelwe umfutho;
• kukhona ukulahlekelwa okuphawulekayo kwamandla, imoto ayikwazi ukusheshisa;
• injini ayiqali ngokushesha, kodwa ngokubambezeleka kwemizuzwana engu-2-3 noma iyama;
• uhlelo lokuthungela lusebenza ngokungafihli kahle, ukudubula kabi;
• ikhompyutha ekubhodi ibonisa iphutha, i-Check Engine iyakhanya.

Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-DPRV, kodwa zingase futhi zibonise ezinye izinkinga. Kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuxilongwa enkonzweni noma usebenzise isithwebuli esikhethekile sokuxilonga. Isibonelo, i-Rokodil ScanX idivayisi yendawo yonke.

Amaphutha P0340 - P0344, P0365 akhombisa ukungasebenzi kahle noma ikhefu kuzintambo ze-DPRV.

Phakathi kwezizathu zokwehluleka kwe-DPRV, okulandelayo kungahlukaniswa:

• izinkinga ngoxhumana nabo kanye nezintambo;
• i-protrusion ye-drive disk ingase ikhishwe noma igobe, ngakho-ke inzwa ifunda idatha engalungile;
• ukulimala kwenzwa uqobo.

Ngokwayo, le divayisi encane ayivamile ukuhluleka.

Izindlela zokuqinisekisa

Njenganoma iyiphi enye inzwa yomphumela weHholo, i-DPRV ayikwazi ukubhekwa ngokulinganisa i-voltage koxhumana nabo nge-multimeter ("ukuqhubeka"). Isithombe esiphelele somsebenzi wakho singanikezwa kuphela ngokubheka nge-oscilloscope. Ku-oscillogram, ama-pulses nama-dip fronts azobonakala. Ukufunda idatha ye-waveform nakho kudinga ulwazi oluthile nolwazi. Lokhu kungenziwa nguchwepheshe onekhono esiteshini sesevisi noma esikhungweni senkonzo.

Izimpawu zezinzwa zibonakala ngokucacile ku-oscillogram

Uma kutholwa ukungasebenzi kahle, inzwa ithathelwa indawo entsha, ukulungiswa akunikeziwe.

I-DPRV idlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni lokuthungela nokujova. Ukwehluleka kwayo kuholela ezinkingeni ekusebenzeni kwenjini. Lapho izimpawu zitholwa, kungcono ukuxilonga ochwepheshe abanekhono.