I-Subaru Forester knock inzwa

Ama-piston enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi anyakaza ngenxa yokushiswa kwengxube kaphethiloli kule ngxube. Le nqubo inohlamvu lwe-detonation, ngakho-ke, ngisho nokuncipha kancane kwamandla ayo, imvamisa, ukwanda okukhulu kwemingcele yokugqokwa kwenjini, uhlelo lwamandla. I-Detonation detonation (DD) iyingxenye evamile yemoto, ukuthuthukiswa kokugqoka e-Subaru naseSoviet Forester.

Iyini inzwa yokugoqa: imisebenzi nomsebenzi

Ama-twin pistons ahambisa ukukhishwa okuvela emlilweni ovuthayo, amandla aphezulu anemvamisa ephezulu endaweni yokusebenza. Umkhawulo wamandla angaphezu kwamandla, amandla anjalo emijikelezo yokuqhunyiswa, lapho aba yingozi ohlelweni, mncane kakhulu. Ukwephulwa kwawo akusho ukuthi ukuwohloka kwenzeka maduze, kodwa ukuguga kwemoto kanye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo kuzo kuzosheshisa.

Ukukhishwa kwezimpawu ezingezona ezilungile zokushiswa kwengxube evuthayo exutshwe nokuphambuka kokujwayelekile ngokulungiswa - iyunithi yokulawula esobala (ECU). Ukulungiselelwa ngeke kwenziwe uma isistimu "ingazi" mayelana nokuqhunyiswa - kungukuqapha ukuvela kwayo lapho inzwa yokungqongqoza (DD, inzwa yokugoqa) isebenza. Ngakho-ke, ukunemba kokusebenza kwayo kuncike ekunembeni kwezilungiselelo kulo lonke uhlelo oluchaziwe, ikhwalithi yeyunithi yamandla, izinsiza namanodi ayo.

Ibukeka kanjani i-DD?

I-Subaru Forester knock sensor, njengamamodeli amaningi alolu hlobo, i-torus eyindilinga. Eceleni, ifakwe itheminali yokuxhuma kuyunithi yokulawula kagesi yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Phakathi nendawo kunembobo yokugxumeka. Isici se-piezoelectric sifakwe engxenyeni ye-intrafunctional yenzwa, esabela ekudlidlizeni ngokwakha i-voltage encane kanye nemvamisa enikeziwe.

Ikhompiyutha ihlale ihlaziya ama-pulses avela kuzinzwa - Uma kukhona ukuchezuka ezilinganisweni ezijwayelekile, ukuhlolwa kokubukeka kwe-detonation Ngaphezu kwalokho, imojula yokulawula, ngokusho kohlelo oluhleliwe, iqinisekisa ukulungiswa kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, Ukuqeda ukungaboni ngaso linye. -ukushisa okuphezulu kwe-Fuel Mixture.

Itholakala kuphi inzwa yokushaya?

Indawo ye-DD inqunywa abaklami ukuze kufezwe ukuzwela okusebenzayo, okwandisa ukunemba kokutholwa kokuqhunyiswa ngisho nasezigabeni zokuqala zokuhlaziya.

Indawo yenzwa yokungqongqoza iphakathi kwebhokisi lesihlungi somoya kanye ne-multifold intake, ngaphansi kwe-valve ye-throttle, indawo yayo elungile engxenyeni enamasilinda.

Ungayihlola kanjani inzwa yokungqongqoza

Ukulimala kwenzwa yokungqongqoza Okokuqala, izingodo zamaphutha (amakhodi) ziboniswa ekutholweni kwe-ecu yikhompyutha esebhodini. Injini Yokuhlola iboniswa kuphaneli. Lolu hlelo lokuzihlola lutholakala kumamodeli esimanje e-Subaru futhi luyakwazi ukulungisa ukuzwela kwenzwa, lukhulise i-voltage ephumayo, kanye nesekethe evulekile. Uhlobo ngalunye lokungasebenzi lunekhodi yalo, ukukhishwa kwekhodi kumadokhumenti ezobuchwepheshe emshinini, ulwazi luyatholakala ku-intanethi.

I-Multimeter

Ungakwazi ukuhlaziya impilo ye-DD nge-multimeter noma i-voltmeter. Oda:

• Ukudiliza inzwa: ibhawodi lokulungisa alikakulungi, umhlangano uyanqamuka kalula. Indawo, ukubukeka esikusebenzise ngenhla, inzwa ayikwazi ukutholwa.
• Ama-tester probe axhunywe kokuphumayo. Ukuguqulwa kwe-Multimeter kusilinganiso samanje se-DC, ububanzi bucishe bube ngu-200mV (noma ngaphansi).
• Ngomzamo onengqondo, udinga ukuqala, ungacindezela, usebenzise ingxenye ye-dd nge-bolt, induku yensimbi, i-screwdriver. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, isikhathi sizofika futhi ukuzalwa kwendlu kuzokwenzeka kusukela ngoMeyi 20 kuya kuMeyi 30.
• Buka izisetshenziswa. Esimeni esihle, umthelela uhambisana nokunyuka kwamandla isikhathi ngasinye. Ukungaphenduli kusho ukwehluleka.

Indlela yesibili yokuqinisekisa ifana naleyo echaziwe, Ukuhumusha kokuhlola Kuphela kumodi yokulinganisa ukumelana (maka kusikhethi kufika ku-1000 ohms noma 1 kΩ). Esimweni esivamile kuyoba mayelana 400-600. Ngesikhathi sokungqongqoza, inani ebhodini lamaphuzu lizokhula cishe (imvamisa 1-2 com) futhi libuyele ekuhlanganiseni kwasekuqaleni.

Izincomo:

• kuzo zonke izimo kuyadingeka ukuthi ubuke ukuthi usayizi esibukweni ubuyela emuva. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ngokulutha, khona-ke inzwa cishe iphukile;
• udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-probes axhumeke ngokuphephile - othintana nabo ku-sensor bangase bangcolile, p;
• izinguquko zamandla kagesi kuyo yonke inzwa zingaba amamilivolthi amaningana, akuzona zonke izivivinyo ezingakubonisa. Futhi lapho ukala ukumelana ngaphakathi kwe-Ohms, ngakho-ke, ukuhlola okunjalo kubaluleke kakhulu;
• ngesikhathi esivumelekile, uma ulinganisa i-voltage, i-multimeter kufanele ibe nekhwalithi edingekayo.

Ihlola isekethe kubhulokhi yekhompyutha

Ingqikithi yalokhu okulandelayo. Inzwa ayisusi. Khipha ipulaki ye-ECU, qala ngokunqamula u-"-" ebhethrini. Linganisa ubukhulu be-pulses esetshenzisiwe. Ubunzima ukuthi udinga ukwazi i-pinout yepulaki, yiziphi izisekelo zephedi ezivala inzwa. Ukuze sijwayelane nemishado ehloniphekile ngesandla noma ngisho lula - ukuthola ulwazi kusuka

Okuchazwayo kungabonakala ukuthi kungenzeka yini umjikelezo kagesi kuyunithi yokulawula, inani le-sensory impulse esetshenzisiwe liyalinganiswa. Oda:

1. Susa ibhulokhi kuyunithi yokulawula imoto.
2. Oxhumana nabo abangu-2 batholakala kubhulokhi, ama-tester probes axhunywe kubo, uma bengavuli, ungathengisa izintambo kubo.
3. Isikhethi somhloli sihumushela kumaki kagesi angu-200 mV.
4. Ashaye inzwa noma angayilaleli ekhona. Izinombolo ebhodini lamaphuzu kufanele zishintshe ngokugxuma kanye nemingcele.

Kubuye kuphakanyiswe ukuhlola i-braid yokuvikela kusuka ku-ECU kuya ku-DD: ngenxa yokulimala kwayo, ama-harmonics angase abonakale athinta ukusebenza kweyunithi kanye nokufakwa okulungile kwesinqumo se-ECU.

Hlola ngaphandle kokudiliza

Kungenzeka ukuhlaziya inzwa yokushaya i-Subaru, futhi ayibonakali emotweni:

1. Shintsha injini ingenzi lutho.
2. Thepha engxenyeni yokusebenza yenzwa.
3. Uma ijubane le-crankshaft lilungile, iqiniso lokuthi uma lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke ukuwohloka akwenzeki.

Ubunzima ekuxilongweni

Ukungalungi kwezindlela ezizimele zokuhlola i-DD ukuthi zonke azikuvumeli ngokunembile, ngokuphelele 100% ngisho noma eduze ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kunqunywe isimo senzwa. Isizathu sisezicini ezingavamile zokusebenza: kudivayisi evamile yokusebenza, ama-pulses of frequency frequency, periodicity of oscillations kufanele adalwe, futhi lokhu kuncike ezingeni lokudlidliza, okungekho lula kakhulu ukudala kuzo zonke izinguquko zemvamisa.

Okuningi kwalokhu okungenhla, ukuxilonga okugcwele ngezindlela ezithuthukisiwe akunakwenzeka - kuphela isheke endaweni ekhethekile noma idivayisi yokuxilonga inikeza umphumela onembile.

Zonke izindlela ezizimele ezinamathuluzi athuthukisiwe, i-multimeter, kuye ngokuthi kungenzeka yini inzwa, kodwa kwezinye izimo ezibalulekile, ukugxuma ngokwako akuboniswa, kodwa izici zabo ezengeziwe, ezinqunywa kuphela umhloli othile.

Ukufaka esikhundleni

Isiteji sokulungiselela - amathuluzi: ukuqinisa enqubweni yokukhulula nge-open-end "10", i-socket wrench "12", i-ratchet enesandiso, i-crank. Uzodinga i-screwdriver ye-flathead. Okokuhlanza - ama-rags, emicu egqwalile - i-lubricant engena.

Inqubo yokushintsha inzwa ye-Knock

Ukukhipha endala nokufaka inzwa entsha yokungqongqoza ku-Subaru Forester kuhilela inqubo elandelayo. Ikhishwa amandla yinethiwekhi, kusukela kutheminali ethi “-” yebhethri. Basusa i-intercooler, lapho izinsimbi ezi-2 zivuliwe, i-pair of clamps iyakhululwa.

Nqamula "chip" (isixhumi) senzwa yokungqongqoza.

Ibhawodi lokubopha alikakulungi, iDD ikhishwa nayo.

Isigaba sokugcina ukufakwa kwenzwa entsha yokungqongqoza. Umhlangano wenziwa ngokulandelana okuphambene.