Iyini i-sedan? Uhlobo lwezimoto, isithombe

Uhlobo lokuqala nolujwayelekile lomzimba wemoto yomgibeli kuze kube manje i-sedan.

Umehluko wayo omkhulu kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlobo wukuba khona kwe-trunk, ehlukaniswe ngokwesakhiwo nendawo yabagibeli. Futhi uma sithatha lezo zimoto ezakhiqizwa ekuqaleni kwemboni yezimoto, kuze kube yiminyaka engu-30 no-40 yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, singabona ukuthi i-trunk yayibukeka njengebhokisi elincane elifakwe ngokushesha ngemuva kwegumbi labagibeli. Kanti kwezinye izimoto wawungekho nhlobo umboko.

Njengamanje, wonke ama-sedans anomzimba wevolumu emithathu. Ivolumu emithathu isho ukuthi ngokubukeka ingahlukaniswa izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko: i-hood, ingaphakathi kanye ne-trunk.

Ngokuvamile i-sedan inezicabha ezi-4, kodwa uma inezicabha eziyisithupha, lolu hlobo lwemoto lubizwa ngokuthi i-limousine. Ama-sedans anamuhla anesiqu esincane kune-hood, kodwa emuva kuma-50s no-80s, i-hood kanye ne-trunk kwakunobukhulu obufanayo.

I-sedan yakudala namuhla inensika eyodwa emaphakathi ehlukanisa ingaphakathi libe izingxenye ezimbili. Lezi zimoto zijwayele ukwakhelwa abantu abane noma abahlanu okuhlanganisa nesihlalo somshayeli. Ama-Sedan ahlukaniswa kokubili ekilasini elihlangene "B", futhi emakilasini aphakathi nendawo kanye nosayizi ogcwele "C", "D" kanye no "E".

Ekilasini "A", angeke kube khona ama-sedans ngokomthetho, ngoba ngobude bomzimba obuphakathi obufika kumamitha amathathu nesigamu, ayikho indawo ye-trunk ehlukile. Nakuba, uma sithatha imoto efana ne-ZAZ 965, sizobona ukuthi, naphezu kobukhulu bayo - ubude bomzimba obungama-3330 mm - kwakuyi-sedan encane, ngoba i-trunk yahlukaniswa negumbi labagibeli. Yiqiniso, i-trunk yayingaphambili, ngoba le moto yayinenjini yangemuva.

Izinhlobo sedans

Kuwo wonke umlando wemboni yezimoto, onjiniyela bakwazile ukuqhamuka nezinhlobo eziningi ze-sedan body.

i-sedan yakudala - Lena indikimba enemiqulu emithathu enensika emaphakathi nezicabha ezine. Zonke izimoto zethu - i-GAZ-24, i-VAZ 2101, i-Moskvich 412 - ziyizibonelo zakudala ezine-hood, i-trunk kanye nengaphakathi leminyango emine.

zazivame kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi ama-sedans aneminyango emibili. Thatha, isibonelo, imodeli efana nesizukulwane sesibili i-Opel Rekord A. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi icishe ifane ncamashi neVolga yethu (noma kunalokho, iVolga ifana nayo), futhi iyisibonelo esithandwa kakhulu se-sedan eneminyango emibili.

Isedan yakamuva enezicabha ezimbili esekhona emgwaqeni i-Opel Ascona C.

Lawa ma-sedans aneminyango emibili ayeshibhile, okwaheha kakhulu abathengi abavela ezindaweni eziphansi zomphakathi.

Ama-sedans aneminyango emibili nawo abizwa igumbi.

Kodwa lapha kufanele uqonde ukuthi i-coupe ingaba kokubili izimoto ezinezihlalo ezine kanye nezihlalo ezimbili. Isibonelo, umenzi ngokwakhe ubiza i-BMW X6 i-coupe yezemidlalo, nakuba sine-SUV enohlobo lomzimba osheshayo, esizowucabangela ngezansi. IMercedes-Benz CLS enye i-sedan enezicabha ezine.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-sedan enezicabha ezimbili kanye ne-coupe ukuthi i-coupe ivame ukufakwa esisekelweni esifushane, futhi isihlalo sangemuva asikho ngokuphelele noma sinokunethezeka okulinganiselwe - okuthiwa "isihlalo somntwana". Hhayi-ke, imvamisa ama-coupes yizimoto ezinezici ezinhle eziguqukayo zezindlela zokushayela ezemidlalo.

EMelika, ama-sedans anohlobo lomzimba ayethandwa kakhulu. hardtop. Ama-hardtop ayebonakala ngokungabi bikho kwensika emaphakathi. Uma sibheka lawo ma-sedans amakhulu aseMelika, njenge-Crysler Newport noma i-Cadillac Eldorado, ayecishe abe ngamamitha angu-6 ubude, siyaqonda ukuthi iyini i-hardtop.

Okubonisa kakhulu kulo mqondo kuzoba isizukulwane sesikhombisa i-Cadillac Eldorado.

Ama-hardtops akhishwa kancane kancane ekukhiqizeni, ngenxa yokuthi ayenokushiyeka okuningi: ukuntuleka okuphelele kokufakwa komsindo, inani elikhulu lomsindo ongaphandle, kulula kakhulu ukungena kuwo futhi baba izinto zokweba, zazishayelwa kuphela emigwaqweni enezinga eliphezulu eligandayiwe.

Olunye uhlobo lomzimba i-fastback.

I-Fastbacks, kuye ngokuthi idivayisi ye-trunk, ingabhekisela kokubili ama-sedans nama-hatchbacks, esivele sibhale ngawo. Imoto edumile yaseSoviet "Victory" iyisibonelo esihle sokusheshisa. Zonke zimise okwe-teardrop, njengoba uphahla lwendlu lugeleza kahle lungene esiqwini. Lo mumo ukhonjiswe kahle kakhulu ku-dynamics, thatha okungenani i-Audi A7 Sportback noma i-BMW 5 Series Gran Turismo - izimoto ezinhle kakhulu ze-premium ezinezimfanelo zemidlalo ezivelele.

Phindisela emuva njenge-fastback, ingasebenza kukho kokubili i-sedan ne-hatchback. I-Skoda Superb ne-Skoda Octavia ziyizibonelo eziyinhloko zalokhu.

Ngokubukeka, zingama-sedans, ngoba i-trunk ihlukaniswe ngokwesakhiwo nendawo yabagibeli. Kodwa indlela i-trunk evuleka ngayo ibeka lezi zinhlobo ezingeni eliphakathi phakathi kwe-hatchback ne-sedan.

Ngamafuphi, noma yimuphi umkhiqizi uzama ukuqhamuka nohlobo oluthile lwe-zest ukuze imoto yakhe idonse ukunaka kwabathengi.

Izinzuzo ze-sedan

Inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu ye-sedan, yiqiniso, ukutholakala. Thatha i-Daewoo Nexia eshibhile, okuyi-sedan yesigaba C, imoto yosayizi omaphakathi ebukeka iyinhle ngempela. Nakuba i-hatchback eyejwayelekile, ikakhulukazi eyesifazana, njengeHyundai Getz, nakuba kuyimoto esebenzayo, ayinakho lokho okubonakala.

Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ingaphakathi le-sedan lilula ukufudumala, iphunga elivela esiqwini ngeke lingene ngaphakathi, ukufakwa kahle komsindo - ngenqola yesiteshi, ukuvimbela ukuzwakala kwe-trunk kuyisihloko esibuhlungu.

Ngendlela, lapha ungathola ukuthi iyini i-crossover.

Iyalayisha...