Yini isihlungi se-particulate, isakhiwo saso kanye nenqubo yokusebenza

Ngokwethulwa kwezindinganiso zemvelo, kusukela ngo-2009, zonke izimoto ezinezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi kufanele zifakwe izihlungi ze-particle. Cabangela ukuthi kungani zidingeka, zisebenza kanjani nokuthi zinganakekelwa kanjani.

Yini isihlungi se-particulate futhi sisebenza kanjani?

Wona kanye umqondo wokuhlunga ukhombisa ukuthi ingxenye ibandakanyekile enqubeni yokuhlanza. Ngokungafani nesihlungi somoya, isihlungi se-particulate sifakwe ohlelweni lokukhipha. Ingxenye yakhelwe ukunciphisa ukuphuma kwezinto eziyingozi emkhathini.

Ngokuya ngekhwalithi yomkhiqizo nezinto zokuhlunga, le ngxenye iyakwazi ukukhipha kuze kufike kumaphesenti angama-90 omlotha emgqonyeni ngemuva kokusha kwephethiloli kadizili. Umsebenzi we-Federation Council wenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili:

1. Ukususwa komlotha. Izinto zokuhlunga ezithungela intuthu zibamba udaba lwezinhlayiyana. Bahlala kumaseli wezinto ezibonakalayo. Lona ngumsebenzi ophambili wesihlungi.
2. Ukuvuselelwa. Le yinqubo yokuhlanza amaseli emsini oqoqiwe. Ikhiqizwa lapho, ngezinhlelo ezihambisanayo ezisebenzekayo, imoto iqala ukuphelelwa amandla. Ngamanye amagama, ukuvuselelwa kungukubuyiselwa kwenhlanzeko yengqamuzana leseli. Izinguquko ezahlukahlukene zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bazo ukuhlanza umule.

Itholakalaphi i-particle filter futhi yenzelwe ini?

Njengoba i-SF ibandakanyeka ekuhlanzeni i-exhaust, ifakwe ohlelweni lokukhipha imoto enenjini edonsa ngodizili. Umkhiqizi ngamunye uhlomisa izimoto zakhe ngohlelo olungase lwehluke kolunye uhlobo lwezinye izinhlobo. Ngalesi sizathu, awukho umthetho onzima futhi osheshayo wokuthi isihlungi kufanele sibe kuphi.

Kwezinye izimoto, umule usetshenziswa ngokubambisana ne-catalyst, efakwe kuzo zonke izimoto zesimanje ezifakwe injini kaphethiloli. Kulokhu, isihlungi singaba phambi kwesiguquli se-catalytic noma ngemuva kwaso.

Abanye abakhiqizi (ngokwesibonelo iVolkswagen) benze izihlungi ezihlanganayo ezihlanganisa imisebenzi yesihlungi ne-catalyst. Ngenxa yalokhu, inhlanzeko yokukhipha injini edonsa ngodizili ayihlukile ku-analogue kaphethiloli. Imvamisa, izingxenye ezinjalo zifakwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphindaphindeka kokukhipha ukuze izinga lokushisa lamagesi okukhipha liqinisekise ukusabela okufanele kwamakhemikhali ukunciphisa izinto eziyingozi.

Hlunga idivayisi

Enguqulweni yakudala, idivayisi ye-DPF ifana kakhulu nesiguquli se-catalytic. Inokuma kukabhodlela wensimbi, ngaphakathi kuphela kunento yokuhlunga ehlala isikhathi eside enesakhiwo seseli. Lesi sici sivame ukwenziwa nge-ceramic. Umzimba wokuhlunga unezikhala eziningi ze-1mm.

Ezinguqulweni ezihlanganisiwe, izinto ezihlanganisa izinto nezinto zokuhlunga zibekwa kwimodyuli eyodwa. Ngokwengeziwe, kufakwa izinzwa zokushisa ze-lambda, ingcindezi nokukhipha igesi. Zonke lezi zingxenye ziqinisekisa ukususwa okusebenza kahle kakhulu kwezinhlayiya eziyingozi emgqonyeni.

Izici zokusebenza nokusebenza kwesihlungi sezinhlayiya

Impilo yesevisi yezihlungi ze-particle ngqo incike ezimweni zokusebenza zemoto. Kuye ngalokhu, umnikazi wemoto udinga ukuhlola isimo sokuhlunga njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-50-200. Uma imoto iqhutshwa ezimeni zasemadolobheni futhi ngokuvamile izithola isiminyaminya, khona-ke impilo yokuhlunga izoba ngaphansi uma iqhathaniswa ne-analogue efakwe emotweni eqhutshwa ezimweni ezilula (uhambo olude eduze nomgwaqo omkhulu). Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, inkomba yamahora enjini yeyunithi yamandla idlala indima enkulu.

Njengoba isihlungi se-particle esivalekile sinciphisa ukusebenza kwenjini, wonke umshayeli udinga ngezikhathi ezithile evuselela isistimu yokukhipha umoya. Okunye okubaluleke kakhulu ukuhambisana nemithethonqubo yokushintsha uwoyela wenjini. Ngakho-ke, umnikazi wemoto kufanele ahambisane eduze nezincomo zomkhiqizi wemoto.

Ukukhetha uwoyela we-diesel

Njengesiguquli se-catalytic esitholakala ezimotweni zesimanje zikaphethiloli, isihlungi sezinhlayiya singalimala kakhulu uma umnikazi wemoto esebenzisa uwoyela wenjini okungewona. Kulesi simo, i-lubricant ingangena kumasilinda futhi ishise ngokushaywa yi-stroke.

Kulokhu, inani elikhulu le-soot lizokhishwa (lokhu kuncike kumthamo wamafutha angenayo), okungafanele kube khona ohlelweni lokukhipha imoto. Lo mule ungena kumaseli okuhlunga bese wenza amadiphozithi kuwo. Ezinjinini zikadizili, i-Association of European Automobile Manufacturers isungule izinga likawoyela wenjini elihlangabezana nezimfuneko zendinganiso yezemvelo okungenani ye-Euro4.

Iphakheji elinamafutha anjalo lizobizwa ngokuthi C (nge indices kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-4). Amafutha anjalo aklanyelwe ngqo izimoto ezifakwe i-exhaust gas aftertreatment noma uhlelo lokuhlanza. Ngenxa yalokhu, impilo yesevisi yesihlungi sezinhlayiya iyanda.

Ukuhlanza okuzenzakalelayo

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kweyunithi yamandla, izinqubo ezibonakalayo zingaqalwa ezihlanza ngokuzenzakalelayo isihlungi sezinhlayiya kumadiphozithi ekhabhoni. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amagesi e-exhaust angena ethangini lesihlungi ashiselwa ku-+500 degrees nangaphezulu. Ngesikhathi okuthiwa i-passive auto-cleaning, i-soot ikhishwa yi-incandescent medium futhi ihlehle ebusweni bamaseli.

Kodwa ukuze le nqubo iqale, injini kufanele isebenze ngesivinini esithile isikhathi eside. Lapho imoto isiminyaminya futhi ivame ukuhamba amabanga amafushane, amagesi akhipha umoya akanaso isikhathi sokufudumala ngale ndlela. Ngenxa yalokho, umule unqwabelana kusihlungi.

Ukusiza abashayeli abasebenzisa izimoto zabo kule modi, abakhiqizi bamakhemikhali ezimoto ahlukahlukene baye bahlakulela izithasiselo ezikhethekile zokulwa nesoot. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kukuvumela ukuthi uqale ukuhlanzwa ngokuzenzakalela kwesihlungi ekushiseni kwegesi yokukhipha ngaphakathi kuka-+300 degrees.

Ezinye izimoto zesimanje zifakwe uhlelo lokuvuselela ngempoqo. Ijova uphethiloli othile ovutha kusiguquli se-catalytic. Ngenxa yalokhu, isihlungi se-particle siyashisa futhi i-plaque iyasuswa. Lolu hlelo lusebenza ngesisekelo sezinzwa zokucindezela ezifakwe ngaphambi nangemva kwesihlungi se-particle. Uma kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kokufundwa kwalezi zinzwa, isistimu yokuvuselela iyasebenza.

Abanye abakhiqizi, isibonelo, i-Peugeot, i-Citroen, i-Ford, i-Toyota, esikhundleni sengxenye eyengeziwe yamafutha okufudumala isihlungi, sebenzisa isithasiselo esikhethekile, esitholakala ku-tank ehlukile. Lesi sengezo siqukethe i-cerium. Uhlelo lokuvuselela ngezikhathi ezithile lwengeza le nto kumasilinda. Isengezo sishisa ngenkani amagesi okukhipha amandla ekushiseni okungaba ngu-700-900 degrees. Uma imoto ifakwe ukushintshashintsha kwesistimu enjalo, akadingi ukwenza lutho ukuhlanza isihlungi se-particle.

Izihlungi ze-DPF ezivaliwe

Izihlungi ze-diesel ekwakhiweni kwanamuhla zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili:

• izihlungi zohlobo lwe-dpf ezivaliwe;
• fap izihlungi ezinomsebenzi wokuvuselelwa kwento yokuhlunga.

Isigaba sokuqala sifaka izinto ezinekhekheba lezinyosi ze-ceramic ngaphakathi, njengesiguquli se-catalytic. Kusetshenziswa ungqimba omncane we-titanium ezindongeni zawo. Ukusebenza kwengxenye enjalo kuncike ekushiseni kokukhipha - kulokhu kuphela kuzokwenzeka ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ukunciphisa i-carbon monoxide. Ngalesi sizathu, lawa ma-modeli afakwa asondele kakhulu kokuphindaphinda okukhipha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Lapho ifakwe kukhekhe lezinyosi lwe-ceramic elinengubo ye-titanium, insizi ne-carbon monoxide kufakwa i-oxidized (izinga lokushisa lapho kwenzeka khona ukuphendula kufanele libe ngamadijithi angamakhulu amaningana). Ukuba khona kwezinzwa kukuvumela ukuthi uhlolisise ukungasebenzi kahle kwesihlungi ngesikhathi, lapho umshayeli azothola khona isaziso esivela ku-ECU ngokuhlanzeka kwemoto.

Izihlungi ze-FAP ezivaliwe zohlobo lomsebenzi wokuvuselela

Izihlungi ze-FAP nazo zihlobo oluvaliwe. Kuphela ziyehluka kwezedlule ngomsebenzi wokuzihlanza. Umsila awuqongeleli emabhodleleni anjalo. Amaseli alezi zinto ahlanganiswe ne-reagent ekhethekile ephendula ngentuthu eshisayo futhi isuse ngokuphelele izinhlayiya zomgudu wokukhipha emazingeni aphezulu okushisa.

Ezinye izimoto zesimanje zifakwe uhlelo olukhethekile lokugobhoza olufaka i-reagent ngesikhathi esifanele lapho imoto ihamba, ngenxa yokuthi umvubu ususwe kakade ezigabeni zokuqala zokwakheka.

 Kwesinye isikhathi, esikhundleni sesithasiselo, kusetshenziswa ingxenye eyengeziwe kaphethiloli, evutha kusihlungi uqobo, inyuse izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kuflask. Ngenxa yokusha, zonke izinhlayiya zisuswe ngokuphelele kusihlungi.

Ukuvuselelwa kwesihlungi se-Particulate

Lapho kushiswa uphethiloli, kudedelwa inani elikhulu lezinhlayiyana. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zinto zihlala ngaphakathi kweziteshi zomsizi, lapho uvaleka khona.

Uma ugcwalisa uphethiloli omubi, kunethuba elikhulu lokuthi inani elikhulu lesibabule lizoqoqeka entweni yokuhlunga. Ivimbela ukushiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu ye-solarium, ikhuthaza ukusabela okwenziwe nge-oxidative ohlelweni lokukhipha, ngenxa yokuthi izingxenye zayo zizohluleka ngokushesha.

Kodwa-ke, ukungcoliswa okusheshayo kwesihlungi se-particulate nakho kungenzeka ngenxa yokulungiswa okungafanele kwenjini kadizili. Esinye isizathu ukushisa okungaphelele kwenhlanganisela yamafutha omoya, ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yombhobho ohlulekile.

Kuyini ukuvuselelwa?

Ukuvuselelwa kwesihlungi kusho ukuhlanza noma ukwakha kabusha amaseli esihlungi avaliwe. Inqubo uqobo lwayo incike kumodeli yokuhlunga. Futhi nokuthi umenzi wezimoto uyimise kanjani le nqubo.

Ngokombono, umusi awungeke uvaleke ngokuphelele, ngoba kufanele kwenzeke ukuhlangana kwamakhemikhali kuwo. Kepha empeleni, lokhu kuyenzeka kaningi (izizathu zikhonjisiwe ngaphezulu ngaphezulu). Ngalesi sizathu, abenzi bakhiqize umsebenzi wokuzihlanza.

Kunama-algorithm amabili okwenza ukuvuselelwa:

• Kuyasebenza;
• Passive.

Uma imoto ingakwazi ukuhlanza i-catalyst kanye nokuhlunga yodwa, ungayenza le nqubo ngokwakho. Izodingeka ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Imoto ayivamisile ukuhamba amabanga amade (i-qeda ayinaso isikhathi sokufudumeza izinga lokushisa olifunayo);
• Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi yashiswa phakathi nenqubo yokuvuselela;
• Izinzwa ezinamaphutha - i-ECU ayizitholi izigaxa ezidingekayo, yingakho inqubo yokuhlanza ingavuleki;
• Ezingeni eliphansi likaphethiloli, ukuvuselelwa akwenzeki, ngoba kudinga inani elengeziwe likadizili;
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve ye-EGR (etholakala ohlelweni lokucindezela igesi).

Isibonakaliso sesihlungi esivinjiwe ukwehla okunamandla kwamandla weyunithi yamandla. Kulokhu, ukugeza into yokuhlunga ngosizo lwamakhemikhali akhethekile kuzosiza ukuxazulula inkinga.

Isihlungi se-particulate asidingi ukuhlanzwa ngomshini. Kwanele ukususa ingxenye kusuka ohlelweni lokukhipha bese uvale enye yezimbobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-emulator yendawo yonke ithululelwa esitsheni. Kuyasiza ukususa uqweqwe ngaphandle kokuthenga ingxenye entsha. Uketshezi kufanele lumboze ngokuphelele indawo engcolisiwe. Ngamahora ayi-12, ingxenye kufanele izanyazanyiswe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze umule usalele emuva kangcono.

Ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-cleaner, ingxenye igezwa ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo.  

Ukuvuselelwa nje

Le nqubo yenziwa ngenkathi imoto isebenza ngaphansi komthwalo. Lapho imoto ishayela emgwaqeni, izinga lokushisa qeda kusihlungi likhuphukela kuma-degree angama-400. Lezi zimo zivusa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ukongeza insizi.

Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuvuselela, i-nitrogen dioxide ikhiqizwa kulezi zihlungi. Le nto isebenza kwizakhi zekhabhoni ezakha umule. Le nqubo yakha i-nitric oxide kanye ne-carbon monoxide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuba khona komoya-mpilo emgodini, lezi zinto ezimbili zingena ekuphenduleni nazo, ngenxa yalokho okwakhiwa ezinye izinhlanganisela ezimbili: CO₂ kanye ne-nitrogen dioxide.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inqubo enjalo ayisebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokulinganayo, ngakho-ke, ngezikhathi ezithile kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlanzwa ngenkani kwe-soot dpf.

Ukuvuselelwa okusebenzayo

Ukuvimbela isihlungi se-particulate ekuhlulekeni futhi kungadingeki ukuthi sikushintshele esisha, kuyadingeka ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile uhlanze indawo esebenzayo ye-catalyst. Ekuhambeni kwedolobha noma ekuhambeni ibanga elifushane, akunakwenzeka ukuhlinzeka ngokuhlanza okwenziwe nge-catalyst.

Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuqala inqubo esebenzayo noma ephoqelelwe. Ingqikithi yayo ibila kulokhu okulandelayo. I-valve ye-Ugr iyavala (uma kunesidingo, kwenziwa ukulungiswa kokusebenza kwe-turbine). Ngaphezu kwengxenye eyinhloko kaphethiloli, inani elithile lenhlanganisela kaphethiloli womoya liyakhiwa.

Ufakwa kwisilinda, lapho usha khona kancane. Insalela esele esele ingena ekuphindaphindweni kwe-exhaust futhi ingene ku-catalyst. Lapho kuyasha futhi kuphuma izinga lokushisa lokukhipha - umphumela wesithando somlilo esivulwe ngumoya oshaywayo. Ngenxa yalomphumela, izinhlayiya ezinqwabelene kumaseli e-catalyst zishisiwe.

Inqubo enjalo iyadingeka ukuze ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kuqhubeke esiguquli sokuguqula amandla. Lokhu kuzovumela umsizi omncane ukungena kusihlungi, okuzokhulisa impilo yesihlungi sezinhlayiyana.

Ngaphezu kokuhlanza i-catalyst, ukushisa kwengxenye eyengeziwe ye-VTS ngaphandle kwenjini kukhulisa izinga lokushisa kumjikelezo wesihlungi uqobo, nakho okunengxenye ekuhlanzweni kwayo.

Umshayeli uthola ukuthi i-elekthronikhi iyayenza le nqubo ukukhulisa kafushane isivinini sokungenzi lutho ohambweni olude. Ngenxa yalokhu kuzihlanza, intuthu emnyama izophuma epayipini lokukhipha (lokhu kuyinto ejwayelekile, ngoba kususwe umusi ohlelweni).

Kungani ukuvuselelwa kungahluleka kanye nendlela yokwenza ukuhlanza okwenziwa ngesandla

Kunezizathu ezimbalwa zokuthi kungani isihlungi se-particle singavuseleli. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Uhambo olufushane, ngenxa yokuthi inqubo ingenaso isikhathi sokuqala;
• Ukuvuselelwa kuphazamisekile ngenxa yokuma kwezimoto;
• Enye yezinzwa ayidluliseli ukufundwa noma akukho siginali evela kuyo nhlobo;
• Izinga eliphansi likaphethiloli noma izithasiselo ethangini. Uhlelo lunquma ukuthi ungakanani uphethiloli noma isithasiselo se-anti-particulate esidingekayo ukuze kwenziwe kabusha ngokuphelele. Uma izinga liphansi, khona-ke inqubo ngeke iqale;
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve ye-EGR.

Uma umshini usebenza ezimweni ezinjalo ukuthi ukuzihlanza ngeke kuqale, isihlungi se-particle singahlanzwa ngesandla. Kulokhu, kufanele isuswe emotweni. Okulandelayo, i-outlet eyodwa kufanele ixhunywe ngesivalo, bese kuthelwa uketshezi olushaywayo komunye. Ngezikhathi ezithile, isihlungi kufanele sinyakaziswe ukuze kunqanyulwe umule.

Kudingekile ukwaba amahora angaba ngu-12 wokugeza isihlungi. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, ukugeza kukhishwa, futhi isihlungi ngokwaso sigezwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile ahlanzekile. Nakuba le nqubo ingenziwa ngokuzimela, kungcono ukuyisa imoto esiteshini sesevisi ukuze lokhu kuhlanganiswe nokuxilongwa kwesistimu yonke yokukhipha umoya. Kulokhu, akudingekile ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi. Isibonelo, ezinye iziteshi zesevisi zinemishini ekhethekile elingisa inqubo yokuvuselelwa kwesihlungi ngokushiswa kwensiza ngenkani. I-heater ekhethekile kanye nomjovo kaphethiloli ingasetshenziswa, elingisa ukusebenza kwesistimu yokuvuselela.

Izimbangela zokwanda kokwakheka kwensisi

Ipharamitha eyinhloko ethinta ukuhlanzeka kwesihlungi sezinhlayiya izinga elibi likaphethiloli. I-diesel fuel yale khwalithi ingaba nenani elikhulu lesulfure ku-stave, engavimbi nje kuphela uphethiloli ekushiseni ngokuphelele, kodwa futhi ibangele ukusabela kwe-oxidative yensimbi. Uma kwaqashelwa ukuthi ngemva kokugcwalisa i-refueling yakamuva, uhlelo luqala ukuvuselelwa kaningi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukubheka enye i-refueling.

Futhi, inani le-soot kusihlungi lincike kuzilungiselelo zeyunithi yamandla ngokwayo. Isibonelo, lapho umjovo wenziwa ngokungalungile (awufafazi, kodwa uqhuma, ngenxa yokuthi ingxube ye-air-fuel ye-inhomogeneous yakhiwe engxenyeni eyodwa yekamelo - ecebile).

Ungasinakekela kanjani isihlungi se-particulate

Njengezinye izingxenye ezingaphansi kwengcindezi, isihlungi se-particulate sidinga nokugcinwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Vele, uma injini, uhlelo lukaphethiloli nazo zonke izinzwa zilungiselelwe kahle emotweni, kuzokwakheka umuleko omncane emsizeni, futhi ukuvuselelwa kuzokwenzeka kahle ngangokunokwenzeka.

Kodwa-ke, asikho isidingo sokulinda ukukhanya kwephutha lenjini kudeshibhodi ukukhanyisa ukuhlola isimo seseli le-particulate. Ukuxilongwa kwemoto kuzosiza ezigabeni zokuqala ukunquma ukuvalwa kwe-SF.

Impilo yayo yesevisi inganwetshwa ngokusebenzisa okokuhlanza noma okokuhlanza okhethekile, okukuvumela ukuthi ususe ngokushesha futhi ngokuphepha imali yomsizi esihlungweni.

Impilo yesevisi nokushintshwa kwesihlungi se-particle

Naphezu kokuqala kokuhlanza okuzenzakalelayo, isihlungi sezinhlayiya sisangasebenziseki. Isizathu salokhu ngumsebenzi oqhubekayo endaweni yokushisa ephezulu, futhi ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa lesi sibalo sikhuphuka kakhulu.

Ngokuvamile, ngokusebenza kahle kwenjini nokusebenzisa uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephezulu, isihlungi siyakwazi ukuhamba amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-200. Kodwa kwezinye izifunda, uphethiloli wekhwalithi ephezulu awutholakali njalo, yingakho kubalulekile ukunaka isimo sesihlungi sezinhlayiya ngaphambili, isibonelo, njalo nge-100 km.

Kunezikhathi lapho isihlungi sihlala sinjalo noma sigijima izinkulungwane ezingama-500. Ngandlela-thile, umshayeli ngamunye kufanele anake ngokuzimela ukuziphatha kwemoto. Isici esibalulekile esibonisa izinkinga ngesihlungi se-particle ukwehla okukhulu kwamandla enjini. Futhi, injini izoqala ukuthatha amafutha amaningi, futhi intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ingase ivele ohlelweni lwe-exhaust kanye nomsindo ongathandeki ekusebenzeni kwenjini yangaphakathi yomlilo.

Ngabe isihlungi se-particulate singasuswa?

Uma usho nje, khona-ke kungokoqobo ukukwenza. Umbuzo wesibili kuphela - yini iphuzu uma imoto kuleli cala ingahlangabezani nezindinganiso zemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-elekthronikhi iyunithi yokulawula ilungiselelwe ukulawula ukusebenza kwalesi sici. Uma uyisusa ohlelweni, khona-ke ukwehluleka unomphela kwesoftware kuzokwenzeka ku-elekthronikhi.

Abanye bathatha lesi sinyathelo bese bebeka izingqinamba ngezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Ngeke sibe khona isidingo sokuhlinzeka ngengxenye eyengeziwe yomshini;
• Isihlungi esisha se-particulate siyabiza impela;
• Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuncishisiwe, ngoba inqubo yokuvuselela ngeke yenziwe;
• Kancane, kepha amandla emoto azokwanda.

Kodwa-ke, lesi sixazululo sinezinkinga eziningi eziningi:

• Okokuqala ukungathobeli noma yiziphi izindinganiso zemvelo;
• Umbala we-exhaust uzoshintsha ngokuphawuleka, okuzodala inkinga edolobheni elikhulu, ikakhulukazi ehlobo nasesiminyaminyeni sezimoto (awunamoya owenele vele, bese kuthi imoto ekhukhumezayo eceleni kwayo iphoqe ukujikeleza komoya ngaphakathi emotweni);
• Ungakhohlwa ngohambo oluya emazweni e-EU, ngoba imoto ngeke ivunyelwe ukuwela umngcele;
• Ukukhubaza ezinye izinzwa kuzodala ukuthi isoftware yeyunithi yokulawula ingasebenzi kahle. Ukuxazulula inkinga, uzodinga ukubhala kabusha i-ECU. Izindleko ze-firmware ziphakeme futhi imiphumela ingaba engalindelekile. Ukusetha kabusha idatha kwiyunithi yokulawula kuzophakamisa imibuzo eminingi engeke ikwazi ukuthengisa imoto ngenani elamukelekayo.

Lezi ngezinye nje zezici ezingezinhle ze-notch ye-DPF. Kepha kufanele banele ukulahla umbono bese beqala ukubuyisa, ukuhlanza noma ukuthenga isihlungi esisha se-particulate.

Esikhundleni isiphetho

Ukuthatha isinqumo sokuthi uyasusa yini isihlungi se-particulate ohlelweni lokukhipha imoto kuyisinqumo somuntu ngamunye sabashayeli. Uma ezimweni zezimoto ezindala le nkinga ixazululwa ezingeni lefektri (ama-SF atholakala ngokungajwayelekile), ezinye izimoto zesizukulwane esisha ngeke zisebenze nhlobo ngaphandle kwayo. Futhi inani lezimoto ezinjalo alinciphi, ngoba indawo efanelekayo yenjini kadizili ayikadedelwa.

Kungcono ukungazami ngezimoto ezihlome ngezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-elekthronikhi, ngoba uma kukhona iphutha njalo, i-ECU ingangena kwimodi yezimo eziphuthumayo.

Ngemininingwane engaphezulu ngesihlungi se-particulate, bona ividiyo:

Isihlungi se-Particulate, ukuvuselelwa kabusha - kuyini futhi kusebenza kanjani?

Ividiyo ngesihloko

Ngaphezu kwalokho, sinikeza ividiyo enemininingwane yokuthi isihlungi se-particle sivuselelwa kanjani:

Ngaphambi kokusika isihlungi se-particle, bukela le vidiyo.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Ingabe isihlungi sezinhlayiya singahlanzwa? Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuyisusa, uyigcwalise ngoketshezi olukhethekile lokuhlanza futhi ngemva kwamahora angaba ngu-8 ugeze bese uyibeka endaweni. Ukuhlanza kungenziwa futhi ngaphandle kokukhipha ingxenye emotweni.

Kukangaki udinga ukushintsha isihlungi se-particle? Noma yisiphi isihlungi se-particle sivalekile. Ngokuvamile, ukushintshwa kwayo kuyadingeka ngokwesilinganiso ngemva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-200, kodwa lokhu kuthinteka izinga likaphethiloli, ukwakheka kokubambisana kwezempi-zobuchwepheshe kanye nenani lamahora.

Ngingakwazi ukushayela ngaphandle kwesihlungi se-particulate? Ngokwezobuchwepheshe, lokhu ngeke kuphazamise imoto. Kodwa i-electronics izohlale ilungisa iphutha, futhi ukuphuma ngeke kuhlangabezane nezindinganiso zemvelo.