Kuyini ukuhamba phambili nokubuyela emuva kwebhethri?

Ibhethri ngalinye lesitoreji linama-pole terminals emzimbeni - minus (-) no-plus (+). Ngama-terminals, ixhuma kunethiwekhi yemoto ebhodini, inikeze i-starter nabanye abathengi. Indawo yokuhlanganisa nokususa inquma ubukhulu bebhethri. Kubalulekile ukuthi abashayeli bazi kahle ukubukeka kwebhethri ukuze bangaxubi oxhumana nabo ngesikhathi sokufakwa.

Ubuningi bebhethri

I-Polarity ibhekisa ekuhlelweni kwezinto ezikhona njengamanje kukhava ephezulu noma ohlangothini olungaphambili lwebhethri. Ngamanye amagama, lesi isikhundla sokuhlanganisa nokususa. Umholi wamanje nawo wenziwe ngomthofu, njengamapuleti angaphakathi.

Kunezakhiwo ezimbili ezivamile:

• i-polarity eqondile;
• ukuguqula polarity.

Umzila oqondile

Ngesikhathi seSoviet, wonke amabhethri akhiqizwa ekhaya ayepholala ngqo. Ama-pole terminals atholakala ngohlelo - plus (+) ngakwesobunxele bese kuthi minus (-) ngakwesokudla. Amabhethri anesifunda esifanayo akhiqizwa manje eRussia nasendaweni yangemva kweSoviet. Amabhethri enziwe kwamanye amazwe, enziwa eRussia, nawo analolu hlelo lokuphina.

Impendulo

Kumabhethri anjalo, kukhona okususayo ngakwesobunxele, kanye nokuhlanganisa ngakwesokudla. Leli lungiselelo livamile kumabhethri enziwe aseYurophu ngakho-ke le polarity ivame ukubizwa nge- "europolarity".

Uhlelo oluhlukile lwesimo aluniki izinzuzo ezithile. Akuthinti ukwakheka nokusebenza. Izinkinga zingavela lapho ufaka ibhethri elisha. I-polarity ehlukile izokwenza ukuthi ibhethri lishintshe isikhundla futhi ubude bezintambo bungase bunganele. Futhi, umshayeli angavele adide othintana nabo, okuzoholela kusifunda esifushane. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukunquma ngohlobo lwebhethri lemoto yakho uma usuthenga.

Unganquma kanjani?

Akunzima kangako ukukuthola. Okokuqala udinga ukuvula ibhethri ukuze uhlangothi lwangaphambili lubheke kuwe. Itholakala ohlangothini lapho kutholakala khona izimpawu nezimpawu zelogo. Futhi, ama-pole terminals aseduze nohlangothi olungaphambili.

Kumabhethri amaningi, ungabona ngokushesha izimpawu "+" no "-", ezibonisa ngokunembile ubukhulu bezinombolo. Abanye abakhiqizi bakhombisa imininingwane ekufakeni ilebula noma bagqamise ukuhola kwamanje ngombala. Imvamisa i-plus ibomvu futhi i-minus iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma emnyama.

Ekumakeni, ukuphindisela emuva kwe-polarity kuboniswa ngohlamvu "R" noma "0", kanye nohlamvu lokudlulisela phambili - "L" noma "1".

Umehluko ecaleni

Wonke amabhethri angahlukaniswa cishe abe:

• ezifuywayo;
• EYurophu;
• Wase-Asia.

Banamazinga abo okukhiqiza ne-pinout. Amabhethri aseYurophu, njengomthetho, angama-ergonomic futhi ahlangene. Oxhumana nabo be-Outlet banobubanzi obukhulu. Kanye - 19,5 mm, khipha - 17,9 mm. Ububanzi boxhumana nabo kumabhethri ase-Asia bancane kakhulu. Kanye - 12,7 mm, khipha - 11,1 mm. Lokhu futhi kudinga ukubhekelwa. Umehluko wobubanzi futhi ukhombisa uhlobo lwe-polarity.

Ngingakwazi ukufaka ibhethri nge-polarity ehlukile?

Lo mbuzo uvame ukuvela kulabo abathenga ngokungaqondile ibhethri lohlobo oluhlukile. Ngokwethiyori, lokhu kungenzeka, kepha kuzodinga izindleko nethephu ebomvu engadingekile ngokufakwa. Iqiniso ngukuthi uma uthenga ibhethri nge-reverse polarity yemoto yasekhaya, khona-ke ubude bezintambo bungase bunganele. Ngeke ukwazi ukwandisa ucingo kanjalo nje. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesigaba nobubanzi bamatheminali kufanele kubhekwe. Kungathinta futhi nekhwalithi yokudluliswa kwamanje okuvela kwibhethri.

Inketho engcono kakhulu kungaba ukufaka elinye ibhethri elinye ngelungiselelo lokuxhumana elifanele. Ungazama ukuthengisa ibhethri elithengiwe, ukuze ungalahleki.

Ukuguqula ubukhulu bebhethri

Abanye abashayeli basebenzisa indlela yokubuyisela emuva ibhethri. Le yinqubo yokushintshanisa i-plus kanye ne-minus. Kuyenziwa futhi ukubuyisela impilo yebhethri. Ukuguqula ubumbano kunconywa kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu.

Ukuqapha Asikukhuthazi ukwenza le nqubo uwedwa (ngaphandle kosizo lochwepheshe) kanye nezimo ezingafakwanga ngokukhethekile. Ukulandelana kwezenzo ezingezansi kunikezwa njengesibonelo, hhayi imiyalo kanye nenhloso yokuphelela kokudalula isihloko sendatshana.

Reverse polarity ukulandelana:

1. Khipha ibhethri ku-zero ngokuxhuma uhlobo oluthile lomthwalo.
2. Xhuma ucingo oluvumayo ku-minus, bese kuthi okungekuhle ku-plus.
3. Qala ukushaja ibhethri.
4. Yeka ukushaja lapho amathini ebila.

Izinga lokushisa lizoqala ukukhuphuka ngenqubo. Lokhu kujwayelekile futhi kukhombisa ukuguqulwa kwe-polarity.

Le nqubo ingenziwa kuphela ebhethri elisebenzisekayo elingamelana ne-sulfation esebenzayo. Kumabhethri ashibhile, amapuleti okuhola ancanyana kakhulu, ngakho-ke angavele awe futhi angalulami. Futhi, ngaphambi kokuqala ukushintsha izingongolo, udinga ukuhlola ukuminyana kwe-electrolyte namathini wesifunda esifushane.

Yini engenzeka uma ixutshwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa?

Uma ubukhulu buhlehlisiwe, okulandelayo kungenzeka:

• amafomu afuthwayo, ukudluliswa kanye nezintambo;
• ukwehluleka kwebhuloho le-diode le-generator;
• ukutubeka kweyunithi yokulawula injini ye-elektroniki, i-alamu

Inkinga elula futhi eshibhe kakhulu ingashayelwa amafuses. Noma kunjalo, lona ngumsebenzi wabo oyinhloko. Ungathola i-fuse efuthwe nge-multimeter ngo- "kukhala".

Uma udida oxhumana nabo, i-generator, kunalokho, isebenzisa amandla avela ebhethri, futhi ayinikezi yona. I-generator emazombezombe ayilinganiselwe i-voltage engenayo. Ibhethri nayo ingalimala futhi ilimale. Inketho elula kunazo zonke kungaba ukukhipha i-fuse noma i-relay oyifunayo.

Ukwehluleka kweyunithi yokulawulwa kwezinjini ezisebenza ngogesi (ECU) kungaba yinkinga enkulu. Le divayisi idinga ukuthi ubumbano buqwalaselwe ngaphandle kokuvikelwa okwakhelwe ngaphakathi. Uma i-fuse noma i-relay ingenaso isikhathi sokushaya, i-ECU kungenzeka ihluleke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umnikazi wemoto uqinisekisiwe ukuxilongwa okubizayo nokulungiswa.

Iningi lamadivayisi asohlwini lukagesi wemoto, njengomsakazo wemoto noma i-amplifier, avikelekile ekubuyiselweni kwe-polarity. Ama-microcircuits abo aqukethe izinto ezikhethekile zokuvikela.

Lapho "ukukhanyisa" kusuka kwenye ibhethri, kubalulekile futhi ukubona ubumbano nokulandelana kokuxhunyaniswa kwamatheminali. Ukuxhumeka okungalungile kuzodala i-volt eyi-24. Uma izintambo zinendawo enqamulelayo eyanele, khona-ke zingancibilika noma umshayeli uqobo uzoshiswa.

Lapho uthenga ibhethri elisha, funda ngokucophelela ilebula bese ubuza umthengisi ngazo zonke izici zebhethri. Uma kwenzeka ukuthi uthenge ibhethri nge-polarity engalungile, khona-ke kungcono ukuyishintsha noma uthenge entsha. Nweba izintambo futhi ushintshe ukuma kwebhethri kuphela njengesinyathelo sokugcina. Kungcono ukusebenzisa into efanelekile kunokusebenzisa imali ekulungiseni okubizayo kamuva.