Uyini umshini wokuhlanganisa we-SKD screwdriver

Izakhamizi zijwayele iqiniso lokuthi umthuthi wezimoto wanamuhla uhlanganisa ngokuzenzakalela izimoto ezintsha, noma abantu bayayisiza, iphendule “amathambo” omzimba abe yimoto ephelele. Kukhona umbono wokuthi umhlangano othomathikhi ngokuphelele unekhwalithi engcono kakhulu, ngoba ubuchwepheshe banamuhla buwakhipha ngokuphelele amaphutha ngesikhathi somhlangano, kunokuba kube yisici somuntu (awazange aqothuke, akhohlwe ukufaka ingxenye, abeke ingxenye eseceleni ngokufanele).

Uma kukhulunywa ngezimoto eziphambili, sizwa into efana ne- "screwdriver Assembly". Okulandelayo, sizobona ukuthi uyini umhlangano we-SKD, ukuthi usetshenziswa kanjani futhi kuphi umhlangano we-screwdriver wezimoto.

Kuyini ukuhlanganisa isikulufu? Ngamagama alula, umhlangano onjalo usho inqubo yokuhlanganiswa kwezimoto ze-SKD ezilethwa kumthumeli. Ngokwesibonelo, ezweni lapho imoto izohlanganiswa futhi idayiswe khona, umenzi uthumela amayunithi amakhulu ahlanganisiwe ukuze ahlanganiswe endaweni yokuhlanganisa.

Ukubukwa komhlangano

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemihlangano ye-screwdriver:

• I-Semi Knocked Down (umkhiqizo ohlukaniswe kabili);
• Сomplete Knock Down (ukuhlangana kwesethi yemishini ehlukanisiwe).

I-SKD

Indlela ye-SKD isetshenziswe isikhathi eside emazweni amaningi omhlaba, kufaka phakathi i-CIS. Le ndlela, lapho kunikezwa ikhithi yemoto endaweni yokuhlangana, ngaphandle kwamasondo, amasondo ayo kanye nezicabha, kunganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zomkhiqizo wokugcina ngenxa yezinga elehlisiwe emasikweni, ngoba izwe alingeni ngokuphelele imoto eziziqhubayo, kodwa "umklami" oyunithi enkulu.

Isibonelo: esitshalweni semoto seBMW, ngokulandelana eBavaria, imoto iqoqiwe, ngemuva kokuthi ihlukaniswe (iminyango, amandla kanye namayunithi wokuhambisa, iminyango iyasuswa), lokhu kusethwa kulethwa esitsheni somhlangano i-Avtotor Kaliningrad futhi umkhiqizo ophelile etholwe kumthuthi. Ngenxa yesilinganiso esincishisiwe samasiko nomsebenzi ophansi oshibhile, izimoto ezenziwe kwamanye amazwe ziyabiza kakhulu ezweni lakho.

CKD 

Le fomethi yomhlangano ayisho kuphela ukukhiqizwa kwe-modular kanye ne-screwdriver, kepha futhi nokuhlangana kohlaka lomzimba, okungukuthi, ukufakwa kwamapaneli aqediwe ndawonye. Lapha amaphaneli agxivizwa, ashiselwe, apendwe futhi imoto ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele. 

Okushiwo yile fomethi ukuthi izindleko zemoto zehliswe kakhulu, ngoba ihlanganiswe ezweni lakini. Isibonelo: esitshalweni saseRussia eKaluga kukhona isitshalo esigcwele seVolkswagen, lapho kuqoqwa khona izimoto kusukela ekuqaleni. Ekugcineni, kutholakala umkhiqizo ongaphansi kakhulu ngezindleko kune-analogue efanayo evela eJalimane.

Inqubo yokuhlangana kwezimoto

Inqubo yokuhlangana komhlangano wezimoto ngamayunithi kanje:

1. Amakhithi womshini alethwa esitshalweni somhlangano futhi alungiselelwe umhlangano olandelayo.
2. Umzimba udlula ekuhloleni okubonakalayo komonakalo.
3. Umzimba ususwa kuphalethi uye ku-conveyor, futhi izingxenye nazo ziyakhishwa futhi zilungiswa.
4. Inqubo yokwaba izingxenye ezindaweni ezifanele yenzeka: izibopho, ipulasitiki, izinto zokuhlobisa zihlelwa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. Izingxenye zokumiswa zifakwe kwipulatifomu ekhethekile lapho uhlelo lwe-braking lubekwe khona ku-chassis.
5. Ngemuva kwalokho umzimba uxhunywe ku-chassis, okubizwa ngokuthi "umshado" kwenzeka. Inqubo inzima kakhulu futhi inesibopho, kepha inikezwa isikhathi esifanele.
6. Manje yonke intambo ixhunyiwe, imigqa yamabhuleki namapayipi afakiwe, ukuqina kuyahlolwa, bese izimoto zigcwele uketshezi lobuchwepheshe.
7. Isigaba sokugcina ukulawula izinga lomhlangano. Ku-CIS, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi umnyango wokulawula ikhwalithi, zonke izinhlelo zezimoto zihlolwe lapha, ikhwalithi nokuthembeka komhlangano kuhlolwa kusetshenziswa amasistimu kagesi. Imoto esuka emgqeni womhlangano iya kuthrekhi ekhethekile, lapho ukushayela kwemvelo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene kulingiswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zonke izingxenye kanye nemihlangano iyasebenza.

Ukuhlolwa okwedlulele kwenziwa ngokuqina komzimba kanye nekhwalithi yomsebenzi wokupenda, obizwa nge- "water".

I-SKD noma i-CKD isetshenziswa nini?

Uhlobo olulodwa noma olunye lomhlangano lusetshenziswa ezimweni ezimbili:

• ukunciphisa izindleko zomkhiqizo wokugcina kwamanye amazwe abathengi;
• ukwandisa ukwakheka kwezwe;
• Okwezwe eliqoqayo, le yimisebenzi emisha nokutshalwa kwemali okwengeziwe.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Zihlanganiswa kanjani izimoto? Kuncike ku-automaker - ngayinye inemigqa yayo yokuhlanganisa. Okokuqala, i-chassis ihlanganiswa. Khona-ke izakhi zomzimba zinamathiselwe kuwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba imoto ihamba eduze kwe-conveyor, zonke izingxenye kanye nama-assemblies afakwe kuwo.

Yini ehlanganisiwe ekuhlanganiseni kwemoto? Iningi labakhiqizi bezimoto basebenzisa i-SKD. Lokhu yilapho izindlela esezilungile, amayunithi nezinhlelo zixhunywe ku-chassis. la makhithi alethwa endaweni yomhlangano ngeziqukathi ezihlukene futhi ahlungwe ngaphambi kokuba imoto ihlanganiswe.

Imoto ihlanganiswa isikhathi esingakanani efektri? Kuya ngemininingwane ye-conveyor. AbakwaToyota bachitha amahora angu-29 kulolu hlelo, iNissan - 29, Honda - 31, GM - 32. Kodwa isidumbu sisaqhuba inqubo ende yokufaka uthayela nokupenda, ngakho umhlangano uthatha isonto kuya enyangeni.