Izinhlobo, idivayisi kanye nenqubo yokusebenza kwe-mount mount

Yonke injini yesimanje yangaphakathi yokugibela ifakwe emishinini. Cabanga ukuthi kungani le nto idingeka kudivayisi yemoto, ukuthi yikuphi ukungasebenzi kahle, kanye nezeluleko ezithile zokufaka esikhundleni sengxenye.

Kuyini ukwesekwa yenjini (umcamelo) futhi kuyokwenzelani

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto, kudlidliza kwakheka kuyo. Uma uyilungisa ngokuqinile kusekelwa, khona-ke kuzoba nomsindo omubi ekhishini, futhi noma ngabe imoto ime noma ishayela ngomgwaqo ofanele.

Ngokuya ngemidwebo ye-chassis yemoto, injini ne-gearbox kuxhumeke ku:

• IRama;
• Izigatshana;
• Umzimba.

Ukuphakama kwenjini ngokuyinhloko kunomsebenzi wokuqeda amandla. Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umcamelo uvikela ngokumelana nokusakazeka kokuqhaqha okuvela enjini nasebhokisini lamagiya emzimbeni wonke, kuvimbela injini nokudlulisela ekushayweni ngenkathi ushayela ngaphezulu kwamaqhubu.

Inombolo nendawo yezinjini zenjini

Inani lemicamelo lincike kuhlobo lwenjini, okungukuthi, ngesisindo namandla alo (lokhu kuthinta amandla okudlidliza). Futhi, kuye ngohlobo lomzimba noma umklamo we-chassis, inani lama-motor mounts liyahlukahluka. Enye into ukuthi inani lalezi zingxenye lincike kuphi lapho kutholakala khona injini yangaphakathi yokumelana egumbini.

Amamephu amathathu ajwayelekile kakhulu. Okungaphansi kaningi - amaphuzu amane. Lezi zinto akulula kangako ukuzibona - ngoba lokhu udinga ukubheka ngaphansi kwemoto (uma kungekho kuvikelekile). Ngaphansi kwe-hood, ubona kuphela i-cushion ephezulu (futhi noma kunjalo hhayi kuzo zonke izimoto).

Kuyaqapheleka futhi ukuthi eyawo ama-dampers asetshenziselwa i-gearbox kanye ne-motor.

Idivayisi nenqubo yokusebenza kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokubekwa kwenjini

Yize inhloso eyinhloko yemicamelo ukwehlisa ukunyakaza kwemoto, namuhla kunezinhlobo zazo eziningana. Bonke babhekana nomsebenzi wabo. Zihlukile kuphela ekwakhiweni, kumgomo wokusebenza nezindleko.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokusekelwa:

• Irubber-iron;
• Ukuxhaswa kwe-Hydro.

Ngayinye yazo isebenza ngokuya ngomgomo wayo. Abanye basebenza ukucindezela irabha, abanye ukuze basonteke. Isigaba sesibili sithathwa njengento entsha kakhulu phakathi kwalolu hlobo lwezingxenye ezishubile.

Irubber-iron

Izingxenye ezinjalo zibizwa nangokuthi izingxenye zenjoloba. Idizayini yabo iyilula kunazo zonke - kufakwa irabha elinekhebula lensimbi enkabeni libekwe esisekelweni sensimbi (linamathiselwe emzimbeni), okufakwe kulo iphini lokuqinisa.

Imvamisa, lolu hlobo lokuxhaswa lusetshenziswa ezinjini zakudala. Kwesinye isikhathi kukhona okushintshiwe hhayi ngerabha, kepha ngokufakwa kwe-polyurethane. Lezi zinhlobo zokusekelwa zihlala isikhathi eside.

I-Hydro iyasekela

Lolu hlobo lwe-damper lusebenza njengomshushi we-shock esimisweni. Banomklamo oyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Ngaphezu kwezimpawu zenjoloba, zinesikhala esigcwalisiwe somoya noma esimanzisayo uketshezi.

Inketho evame kakhulu kusekelwa amakamelo amabili. Kuzo zombili, izindiza zombili zixhumeke komunye nomunye ngesiteshi esincanyana lapho uketshezi luhamba ngaphansi komthwalo.

Isigaba sokusekelwa kwe-hydraulic sifaka lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• Imicamelo emishini. Zenzelwe ukuguqulwa ngakunye kwemoto ngokwehlukana. Amandla okudlidliza, isisindo semoto nobukhulu bayo kuyabalwa.
• Izisetshenziswa ze-elekthronikhi. Ngaphezu kokuba khona kwamagumbi okusebenza, idivaysi yengxenye ifaka i-valve eyi-electromagnetic elawula ubulukhuni bokusekelwa. Ukusebenza kokuphazanyiswa kulungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngemiyalo evela ku-ECU.
• Ukuqina kuyasekelwa. Ezingxenyeni ezinjalo, izinhlayiya zensimbi ziyingxenye yomkhuhlane osebenzayo. Ngenxa yethonya lamandla kazibuthe, ukwakheka koketshezi emcamelweni kuyashintsha (kushintsha izinga lokubonaka).

Njengokulindelekile, izindleko zamalaji enjoloba ziphansi kakhulu kunalezo ezenziwa ama-hydraulic.

Odinga ukukwazi ngokusebenza kwemicamelo

Njenganoma iyiphi ingxenye yemoto, i-injini Mount nayo inomthombo wayo. Noma, ngokuyisisekelo, kwezinto ezinjalo, ishedyuli yokufakwa esikhundleni isungulwa ngaphakathi kwamakhilomitha ayinkulungwane, kepha isikhathi sokufakwa esikhundleni singandiswa noma sinciphe ngokuya ngezimo zokusebenza komshini.

Umthwalo omkhulu kwizisekeli yilapho iyunithi iqala, lapho imoto iqala ukuhamba futhi ihamba kancane. Ngalesi sizathu, kunzima ukusungula imithetho eqinile yokufaka esikhundleni semicamelo. Uma umshayeli esebenzisa imoto ukufika nokubuya emsebenzini, khona-ke izingxenye zizodinga ukushintshwa kaningi.

Ukwehlisa umthwalo emaphepheni athambile, ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi bangasebenzisi isitayela sokushayela esinolaka ngesivinini esijwayelekile sokuwohloka kwemoto nokuwohloka kwemoto. Futhi, ukuvikela imicamelo, kufanele ushayela kahle emigwaqweni engalingani.

Ukuxilongwa kwezinsini zenjini

Endabeni yamaphilisi enjoloba-insimbi, ukuxilonga kulula njengokusemandleni - kwanele ukwenza ukuhlola okubonakalayo kobukhona be-delamination noma ukuqhuma kwengxenye yerabha. Uma uhlobo lokuxhaswa kwe-hydraulic lufakiwe emotweni, khona-ke lokho kuhlolwa okubonakalayo kungenzeka ukuthi kungasiza.

Ukuxhaswa kwe-hydraulic kungabhekwa ngale ndlela elandelayo. Okokuqala, vula i-hood bese uqala injini. Ijubane lokuqala livuliwe, sishayela amamitha ambalwa bese siyama. Sikhanyisa amagiya ajikelezayo, sidlula ibanga elifanayo. Sicima injini.

Ngesikhathi senqubo, ukungqongqothisa okungekhona okungokwemvelo nokuchofoza akufanele kuzwakale kusuka egumbini lezinjini. Uma, noma kunjalo, umsindo wangaphandle ukhona, lokhu kubonisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwesinye sezinto ezisekelayo (futhi mhlawumbe eziningana). Akukulimazi nokushayela umgwaqo omkhulu ngejubane elikhulu (lezomthetho). Uma izimbangi zizizwa lapho kushintshwa isivinini, khona-ke kukhona inkinga ngokuxhaswa.

Imigudu ye-hydraulic nayo ingahlolwa ukuvuza kwamanzi. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokuhlola okubukwayo.

Izimpawu zokugqoka ezindongeni ezifakwa enjini

Le ndlela yenjini ehluleka ukwehluleka:

• Injini idlidliza ngokungenamandla lapho (kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi okulahliweyo nohlelo lwamafutha kuhamba kahle, nokuthi ama-valve alungiswa kahle);
• Lapho ushayela (ikakhulukazi lapho kushintsha amagiya) kuzwakala ukungqongqoza futhi kuzwakala izimbangi, kungathi injini iyashayeka;
• Lapho injini iqala, ukungqongqoza okuvela ngaphansi kwehodi kuyabonakala ngokusobala;
• Ubunzima bokushintsha amagiya.

Uma ukusekelwa kwe-hydraulic kufakiwe emotweni, umshayeli anganquma ukungasebenzi kahle uma imoto ilahlekelwa amandla ayo.

Ukufaka esikhundleni amaphakethe okusekela injini yemoto

Ngaphambi kokukhipha izifakelo zemoto, kufanele kufakelwe phezulu noma kuxhonywa ukuze isithambisi silayishwe. Inqubo ingenziwa ngokuzimela. Kepha ngisho esikhungweni senkonzo, akubizi kakhulu - cishe ama- $ 5 ngengxenye eyodwa.

Kodwa-ke, konke kuya ngesimo semoto, ngokwesibonelo, uma intambo isentabeni idilikile, inqubo izolibaziseka, kanti abaphathi bazothatha imali eyengeziwe yokufaka esikhundleni seyunithi yezinkinga. Kulokhu, yonke injini idilizwa ukuze izimbobo ezikhudlwana zobubanzi zingashayeka futhi zifakwe kubo.

Inqubo yokufaka esikhundleni ngokwayo ilula kakhulu. Into esemqoka ukuthola umgodi wokubuka noma i-flyover. Ukuze ulengise i-motor, udinga ukuthatha ibhodi eliwugqinsi bese ulibeka ngaphesheya komgodi. Kufakwa i-jack enkabeni yemoto bese kuthi injini yangaphakathi yokumelana iphakanyiswe ukuze ukusekelwa kungavulwa bese kufakwa okusha. Ukuqina kumele kwenziwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto - ngale ndlela kuzoba nokudlidliza okuncane ngokuzayo, futhi ama-fasteners ngeke akhulule.

Ukukhetha izinjini ezintsha kuncipha

Njengoba izinjini zenjini zenziwa kucatshangelwa izici zenjini ethile yokukhanya kwangaphakathi, kufanelekile usebenzise leyo eyenzelwe le yunithi. Eminye imicamelo ilingana nemishini ehlukile (ukukhwela izimbobo kuyafana), kodwa amapharamitha e-motor angahle angahambelani nezimpawu zale ngxenye.

Uma kukhethwa ukuguqulwa okuthuthukile ngokwengeziwe, ngokwesibonelo, esikhundleni sengxenye yerabha, umshayeli unquma ukusebenzisa i-analogue ye-hydraulic, khona-ke ukubheka ikhodi ye-VIN kuzomsiza anqume ukuthi le ngxenye ingafakwa yini emotweni ethile noma cha.

Ngemuva kokuthatha isinqumo ngokuguqulwa kwento, kufanele unake umenzi wayo. Akufanele ukhethe imikhiqizo ezinkampanini ezingathembekile. Imvamisa, izinsiza zezingxenye ezinjalo ziphansi kakhulu. Uma izingxenye zokuqala ze-spare zibiza kakhulu, ungabheka imikhiqizo, isibonelo, i-TRW, i-Fenox, iBoge, iSasic Ruville. Lokhu kungabakhiqizi baseYurophu abazisungule njengemikhiqizo yekhwalithi.

Ngokuqondene nabalingani baseShayina nabaseTurkey, kungcono ukungazifaki engcupheni. Noma ushayela ngokucophelela, kwesinye isikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi abayikhathaleli insiza yabo.

isiphetho

Injini ayigcini nje ngokuvikela injini nokuthumela ekugqokeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kodwa futhi ihlinzeka nenduduzo enkulu yokugibela. Ukuhlolwa komzila nokuxilonga okulula kuzokuvumela ukuthi unqume ukungasebenzi kahle kusengaphambili, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuthi kube nokudlidliza okungathandeki kuwo wonke umzimba. Ukuvela komsindo owengeziwe kuphambanisa umshayeli endleleni futhi kukhulisa ubungozi besimo esiphuthumayo. Ngalesi sizathu, wonke umshayeli kufanele alalele "ukuziphatha" kwemoto yakhe futhi aphathe ngendlela efanelekile.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Ukukhwezwa kwenjini kuhamba isikhathi esingakanani? Ukufakwa kwezinjini kuhlala kusuka kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-80 kuye kweziyi-100, kuye ngesimo semigwaqo lapho imoto ihamba khona. Ngakho-ke, abashayeli bezimoto abavamile ukunaka isimo sabo.

Aphi ama-mounts enjini? Inketho yakudala yokufaka ama-mounts enjini: amaphuzu amathathu phansi kwenjini namaphoyinti amabili phansi kwebhokisi legiya. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwamayunithi kuqinile ukuze i-clutch isebenze.

Iliphi igama elilungile lezinsimbi zenjini? Ukufakwa kwenjini kusho ukusekelwa kweyunithi yamandla - ingxenye yerabha enomkhono wensimbi. Njengoba ingxenye ingagcini nje ngokuvikela i-motor, kodwa futhi ihambisa ukudlidliza, ibizwa ngokuthi umcamelo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zokufakwa kwenjini? Izinsimbi eziningi zenjini ziyingxenye yensimbi, ingxenye yerabha. Kumamodeli wezingxenye ze-premium kanye ne-executive, ama-cushions we-hydraulic angasetshenziswa.