Iyini i-torque yenjini yemoto
Ukufunda izici zenjini yemodeli ethile, sihlangabezana nemiqondo enjalo:
- amandla - amandla amahhashi;
- i-torque ephezulu - i-Newton / amamitha;
- izinguquko ngomzuzu.
Abantu, bebona ukubaluleka kwamahhashi angu-100 noma angu-200, bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kuhle kakhulu. Futhi baqinisile - 200 horsepower for crossover enamandla noma 100 horsepower. ngoba i-compact hatchback yasemadolobheni isebenza kahle ngempela. Kodwa futhi udinga ukunaka i-torque ephezulu nesivinini senjini, ngoba amandla anjalo afinyelelwa esiqongweni senjini.
Ngamagama alula, amandla aphezulu angu-100 hp. injini yakho ingase ithuthuke ngesivinini esithile senjini. Uma ushayela uzungeze idolobha, futhi inaliti ye-tachometer ikhombisa i-2000-2500 rpm, kuyilapho ubukhulu buyi-4-5-6 ayizinkulungwane, khona-ke okwamanje ingxenye yala mandla isetshenziswa - 50 noma 60 amahhashi. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, ijubane lizoba lincane.
Uma udinga ukushintshela kumodi yokunyakaza esheshayo - ungene emgwaqeni omkhulu noma ufuna ukudlula iloli - udinga ukwandisa inani lama-revolutions, ngaleyo ndlela wandise isivinini.
Isikhathi samandla, i-torque, sinquma nje ukuthi imoto yakho ingasheshisa kangakanani futhi inikeze amandla amakhulu.
Esinye isibonelo ukuthi wehla ngomgwaqo omkhulu ngesivinini esikhulu ngamagiya angu-4-5. Uma umgwaqo uqala ukukhuphuka futhi umthambeka ubonakala kahle, khona-ke amandla enjini angase anganele. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ushintshele kumagiya aphansi, kuyilapho ucindezela amandla engeziwe enjini. I-torque kuleli cala isebenza ukukhulisa amandla futhi isiza ukwenza kusebenze wonke amandla enjini yakho ukuze unqobe izithiyo.
Izinjini zikaphethiloli zikhiqiza i-torque ephakeme kakhulu - ku-3500-6000 rpm, kuye ngohlobo lwemoto. Ezinjini zikadizili, i-torque ephezulu ibonwa ekuguqukeni kwezinkulungwane ezingama-3-4. Ngakho-ke, izimoto zikadizili zinezimo ezingcono zokusheshisa, kulula ukuthi zisheshise futhi zikhiphe wonke "amahhashi" enjini.
Kodwa-ke, mayelana namandla amakhulu, balahlekelwa ngabalingani babo bakaphethiloli, njengoba ngo-6000 rpm amandla emoto kaphethiloli angafinyelela amakhulu amaningana amahhashi. Akuyona ize ukuthi zonke izimoto ezishesha kakhulu nezinamandla kakhulu esibhale ngazo ekuqaleni ku-Vodi.su zigijima ngokukhethekile kuphethiloli we-octane A-110 ephezulu.
Nokho, ukuze kucace ngokuphelele ukuthi iyini i-torque, udinga ukubheka amayunithi okulinganisa kwawo: Ama-Newtons ngemitha ngayinye. Ngamagama alula, lawa amandla adluliswa ngawo amandla esuka ku-piston ngezinduku zokuxhuma kanye ne-crankshaft ku-flywheel. Futhi kakade kusukela ku-flywheel, la mandla adluliselwa ku-transmission - i-gearbox futhi ukusuka kuyo kuya kumasondo. Lapho i-piston ihamba ngokushesha, i-flywheel iphenduka ngokushesha.
Kulokhu sifinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi amandla enjini akhiqiza i-torque. Kukhona inqubo lapho i-thrust ephezulu ikhiqizwa ngesivinini esiphansi - 1500-2000 rpm. Ngempela, ngogandaganda, amaloli okulahla noma ama-SUV, ngokuyinhloko siyawazisa amandla - umshayeli we-jeep akanaso isikhathi sokuzungeza i-crankshaft kuze kufike kuma-revolutions ayizinkulungwane ezingu-6 ukuze aphume emgodini. Kungashiwo okufanayo ngogandaganda odonsa i-harrow yediski esindayo noma igeja elinemisele emithathu - udinga amandla amakhulu ngesivinini esiphansi.
I-torque incike kuphi?
Kuyacaca ukuthi izinjini ezinamandla kakhulu zinevolumu enkulu kakhulu. Uma unohlobo oluthile lwemoto encane njenge-Daewoo Nexia 1.5L noma i-compact hatchback Hyundai i10 1.1L, mancane amathuba okuthi ukwazi ukusheshisa kakhulu noma uqale umile ngesiliphu, nakuba amandla okushintsha amagiya ngendlela efanele. futhi usebenzise wonke amandla enjini yenza umsebenzi wayo.
Ngakho-ke, ezimotweni ezincane sisebenzisa ingxenye kuphela yamandla enjini, kuyilapho ezimotweni ezinamandla kakhulu ezisebenza kahle nokunwebeka kwenjini - ama-shift range - ungakwazi ukusheshisa cishe ukusuka lapho umile ngaphandle kokushintsha amagiya ngokushesha okungaka.
I-elasticity yenjini iyipharamitha ebalulekile, ebonisa ukuthi isilinganiso samandla kanye nenani lama-revolutions lilungile. Ungakwazi ukushayela ngamagiya aphansi ngesivinini esiphezulu, kuyilapho ucindezela kakhulu enjinini. Lena ikhwalithi enhle kakhulu kokubili ukushayela kwasemadolobheni, lapho udinga ukubhuleka njalo, ukusheshisa futhi ume futhi, futhi ithrekhi - ngokuthinta okukodwa kwe-pedal, ungakwazi ukusheshisa injini ngesivinini esiphezulu.
I-torque ingenye yepharamitha yenjini ebaluleke kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, sifinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi wonke amapharamitha enjini ahlobene eduze: amandla, i-torque, inani lama-revolutions ngomzuzu lapho kufinyelelwa khona i-torque enkulu.
I-torque ingamandla asiza ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele amandla enjini. Hhayi-ke, lapho amandla enjini ekhudlwana, i-torque inkulu. Uma futhi kufinyelelwa ngesivinini esiphansi, khona-ke emshinini onjalo kuyoba lula ukusheshisa ukusuka endaweni yokumisa, noma ukukhuphuka noma iyiphi igquma ngaphandle kokushintshela kumagiya aphansi.
Kule vidiyo, sihlakaze ngokuphelele ukuthi iyini i-torque namandla amahhashi.
Iyalayisha...
