Yini inzwa yokungenisa?

Amasistimu anamuhla azenzakalelayo asebenzisa inqwaba yezinzwa ezihlukile ngezici nenqubo yokusebenza. Enye yezinzwa ezivame kakhulu ezisetshenziswe emikhakheni eminingi (kufaka nomkhakha wezimoto) inzwa eqondisayo, futhi manje sizoyinaka ngokukhethekile.

Yini inzwa yokungenisa?

Ngezici zayo, le sensor ingezinto ezingezona zokuxhumana. Ngamanye amagama, inzwa engenayo akudingeki isondele ngokomzimba entweni ukuze ithole indawo yayo esikhaleni.

Izinzwa ezibukelayo zivame ukusetshenziswa lapho kudingekile ukusebenza ngezinto zensimbi nezinsimbi endaweni yokusebenza enokhahlo.

Ngabe isebenza kanjani inzwa efundisayo?

Ngenxa yokwakheka kwangaphakathi, inzwa yokungenisa inezimiso ezithile zokusebenza. Kusetshenziswa i-generator ekhethekile lapha, ekhiqiza ubukhulu be-vibration ethile. Lapho into yensimbi noma ye-ferromagnetic ingena emkhakheni wezinzwa zenzwa, ukudlidlizela kuqala ukufundwa futhi kuguqulwe.

Ake senze lula ukuthi isebenza kanjani ...

Ukuze uqalise, inzwa inikwe amandla, okunikela ekwakheni amandla kazibuthe. Le nsimu, nayo, idala imisinga eddy eshintsha ubukhulu be-oscillations ku-generator esebenzayo.

Umphumela wokugcina wakho konke lokhu kuguqulwa kuyisiginali yokukhipha engahluka ngokuya ngebanga eliphakathi kwenzwa engenayo kanye nento yokuhlola.

Isiginali evela ekuqaleni kwenzwa iyi-analog, eguqulelwa kumqondo wedivayisi ekhethekile ebizwa nge-trigger.

Yiziphi izakhi zenzwa yokusondela?

Kuyiqiniso, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinzwa ezihehayo, kepha zihlanganiswe iqiniso lokuthi ziqukethe izinto ezisemqoka:

Umkhiqizi

Into ebaluleke kakhulu kulolu hlobo lwedivayisi yi-generator, njengoba ikhiqiza insimu ye-electromagnetic esiza ukuthola nokuhlaziya izinto zensimbi nokunquma ukuma kwazo. Ngaphandle kwe-generator nensimu eyidalayo, ukusebenza kwenzwa engenayo kungenzeki.

Isiguquli sesiginali

Le nto iyinto efana ne-trigger, futhi umsebenzi wayo ukuguqula isignali ukuze inzwa ikwazi ukusebenzisana nezinye izakhi ohlelweni ukuze iqhubeke nokudlulisa ulwazi.

Isikhulisi

I-amplifier iyadingeka ukuze isignali etholakele ifinyelele ezingeni elifunayo lokudluliselwa okuqhubekayo.

Izinkomba ze-LED

Izinkomba ze-LED ziqapha ukusebenza kwenzwa futhi zikhomba ukuthi ivuliwe noma izinhlelo zokulawula ezahlukahlukene ziyaqhubeka.

Izindlu

Umzimba uqukethe konke okungenhla

Izinhlobo zezinzwa ezinhlelweni zezimoto nalapho kusetshenziswa khona inzwa yokungenisa

Izinhlelo zokulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi zezimoto zesimanje azicabangi ngaphandle kwezinzwa. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinzwa zisetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izinhlelo zezimoto. Imoto ilinganisa izinga lokushisa nokucindezela komoya, uphethiloli, uwoyela, okokupholisa.

Izinzwa zokuma nesivinini zinamathiselwe ezingxenyeni eziningi ezihambayo zemoto ezinjenge-crankshaft, i-distributor, i-throttle, i-gear shafts, i-EGR valve, nokuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inombolo enkulu yezinzwa isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuphepha kwezimoto.

Ngokuya ngenhloso, izinzwa zezimoto zihlukaniswe ngezinzwa zesimo nesivinini, izinzwa zokugeleza komoya, ukulawula ukungcola, izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi nokunye.

Izinzwa ezinciphisayo zisetshenziswa kakhulu ukukala ijubane nokuma kwezingxenye ezijikelezayo, kodwa kubonakala sengathi ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kakhulu kwalolu hlobo lwenzwa kuthola isikhundla nejubane le-crankshaft yenjini.

Ngoba izinzwa ezingenisa amandla zinokwethenjelwa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kusebenza ezimweni ezinzima, zisetshenziswa kabanzi hhayi embonini yezimoto kuphela, kepha nasembonini yezempi, ujantshi, isikhala nezimboni ezisindayo.

Yini enye okudingeka siyazi ngenzwa engenayo?

Indawo eguquguqukayo kanye nenzwa yejubane iyisisetshenziswa esinemininingwane yayo, ngakho-ke, encazelweni yokusebenza kwayo, kusetshenziswa izincazelo ezikhethekile, njenge:

Indawo esebenzayo

Le ndawo isho indawo lapho ubukhulu bamandla kazibuthe buchazwa kakhulu khona. Ingqikithi itholakala ngaphambi kwendawo ebucayi yenzwa lapho ukuhlushwa kwensimu kazibuthe kuphakeme kakhulu.

Igama lokushintsha ibizo

Le pharamitha ibhekwa njengethiyori ngoba ayibheki izici zokukhiqiza, izimo zokushisa, izinga lamandla kagesi nezinye izinto.

Ukusebenza uhla

Ububanzi obusebenzayo bukhombisa amapharamitha aqinisekisa ukusebenza okusebenzayo nokujwayelekile kwenzwa engaxhunywanga.

Isici sokulungisa

Isici sokulungisa sihlobene nezinto okwenziwa ngazo into yensimbi, ehlolwa inzwa.

Izinzuzo nobubi bezinzwa ezihehayo
Njengawo wonke amanye amadivayisi, izinzwa ezinciphisayo zinamandla nobuthakathaka bazo.

Phakathi kokukhulu izinzuzo zalolu hlobo lwezinzwa yilezi:

• Ukwakhiwa okulula. Idizayini yezinzwa ezisahlukanisayo ilula ngokwedlulele futhi ayiqukethe izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga ukumiswa okukhethekile. Ngakho-ke, izinzwa zinesilinganiso esiphakeme samandla nokwethenjwa, aziqabuki kakhulu, futhi empeleni zingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside kakhulu.

• ·Izici ezikhethekile - izici zezinzwa ze-inductive zikuvumela ukuthi uzifake kalula futhi uzixhume ezingxenyeni zesistimu yezimoto.

• · Ukuzwela - izinzwa zalolu hlobo zizwela kakhulu, ezivumela ukuthi zisetshenziswe lapho zisebenza ngezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zensimbi nezinto.

Okuwukuphela kwendlela edonsa ngayo ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi izinzwa zingathonywa yizici ezahlukahlukene zangaphandle ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi ngenxa yalokho kuyadingeka ukunikeza izimo ezifanele ezingeke ziphazamise ukusebenza kahle kwezinzwa eziqondayo.

Yini okufanele uyibheke lapho ukhetha izinzwa ezingenayo?

Ifomu

Izinzwa ze-inductive zitholakala ngezinhlobonhlobo zezimo, kodwa ezivame kakhulu umumo oyisilinda onemicu egijima ubude benzwa. Iyunithi yezinhlamvu ejwayelekile yokuhlukanisa intambo ithi M 5, M 8, M 12, M 18 kanye ne-M 30.

Ibanga lokuphendula

Kuncike ezicini ezithile ze-generator, ezithintekayo yi-eddy currents yesikhundla esilinganisiwe. Ububanzi buhluka kusuka ku-1 mm. kuze kufike ku-25-30 mm. kuye ngomkhiqizi.

Uhlobo lwenzwa

Ngokuvamile izinzwa ziyi-analog (1-10V, 4-20mA) kanye nedijithali. Ezokugcina, nazo, zihlukaniswe ngohlobo lwe-PNP kanye nohlobo lwe-NPN. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukunquma ukuthi ingabe inzwa inento yokuphuma evamile evulekile (NO) noma evaliwe (NC).

Ucingo

Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa intambo enamacingo amabili noma amathathu, kepha inzwa nayo ingaxhunywa kusixhumi.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yimiphi imigomo yokusebenza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinzwa ezisebenzisa amandla? Izinzwa ezinjalo zisebenza ngokususelwe kushintsho lwensimu kazibuthe kukhoyili lapho into yensimbi ingena endaweni kazibuthe. Isibonelo sikuma-oscilloscopes, ama-ammeters, ngisho nasezindaweni zokugeza izimoto.

Zisebenza kanjani izinzwa zokungeniswa? Bakala ubukhulu bamandla e-electromotive of induction. Lapho i-current igeleza kukhoyili yenzwa, futhi into yensimbi idlula eduze kwayo, ishintsha amandla okusebenza kazibuthe, futhi inzwa ibona ukuba khona kwale nto.

Yiziphi izinzwa ze-inductive? Ukumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu, izintambo eziphindwe kabili, zonke insimbi, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nozibuthe, ubufakazi bokuqhuma, i-annular, i-tubular nokujwayelekile.