Kuyini muffler yemoto nokuthi isebenza kanjani

Noma iyiphi imoto enenjini yangaphakathi yokumisa ifakwe ngohlelo lokuqeda amandla. Enye yezinto eziyisihluthulelo sayo i-silencer. Cabanga ukuthi kungani iyadingeka emotweni, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, iluhlobo luni lwedivayisi, kanye nezeluleko zokuyifaka.

Kuyini ukuphenya ngemoto

I-muffler iyiflask volumetric efakwe ekugcineni kohlelo lokuxhuma. Ifakwe ukumanzisa amaza omsindo okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto. Kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu kulo lonke uhlelo lokuqedwa kwezimoto.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagesi wokuphelelwa amandla kufanele apholiwe ngaphambi kokuthi akhishwe emvelweni. Lokhu kungomunye umsebenzi wale ngxenye. Namuhla kunhlobonhlobo yama-muffler ahlukile komunye nomunye hhayi kuphela ekusebenzeni kwawo kahle, kodwa nasekwenziweni.

Isebenza kanjani i-muffler yemoto?

Njengoba igama lisho, le ngxenye yesistimu yokukhipha umoya wemoto yakhelwe ukudambisa ukudlidliza komsindo phakathi nokusebenza kwenjini. Futhi ngenxa yomthamo omkhulu, amagesi aphumayo nawo ayapholiswa.

I-muffler eyinhloko iqukethe amakamelo amaningana ahlukaniswe komunye nomunye, axhunywe ngamashubhu ane-perforation, offset ehlobene nomunye nomunye. Lapho ukugeleza kwamagesi e-exhaust kudlula ipayipi futhi kungena ekamelweni lokuqala, ishaya i-baffle, ibonakale kuyo bese ingena epayipini lesibili, idlulele ekamelweni elilandelayo. Yile ndlela amaza omsindo acindezelwa ngayo.

Namuhla, kunezinhlobonhlobo zama-mufflers amasheya, kanye nezinketho zokulungisa imoto. Ngayinye yalezi mufflers ngeke ihluke kuphela ngobukhulu bayo, kodwa futhi nesakhiwo sabo sangaphakathi. Naphezu kwalokhu, umsebenzi oyinhloko wale ngxenye uhlala ukucindezelwa okuzwakalayo kanye nokupholisa igesi exhaust. Okuhlukile kuqondile-ngokusebenzisa ama-mufflers, okuthi, ngokuphambene nalokho, enze i-exhaust ibe phezulu.

Umsebenzi we-Muffler ohlelweni lokukhipha amandla

Njengoba bonke abashayeli bezimoto bazi, uma ususa i-muffler emotweni, izogquma kakhulu kunemoto yokujaha. Abanye bangase bakuthole ukuhlekisa, kodwa imoto enjalo ayinandawo endaweni yokuhlala ethule.

Kuhlelo lokukhipha amandla, i-muffler yenza imisebenzi elandelayo:

• Icindezela umsindo wentuthu yokuqothula. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, kuqhuma kwakheka amasilinda, ahambisana nomsindo onamandla.
• Yehlisa ukuphuma kwegesi. Njengoba amagesi ehamba ngesivinini esikhulu ngamapayipi, ukuphuma okuqondile kungadala ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kubagibeli nezimoto ezilandela umshini onjalo.
• Kupholisa imfucumfucu. Injini yokuhlanganisa yangaphakathi inikwa amandla akhululwa ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa komoya / ingxube yamafutha. Ehlelweni lokuphelelwa amandla, izinga lokushisa lale gesi lifinyelela kumakhulu degrees. Ukuze ungalimazi abantu abadlula ngomshini, kanye nokugwema ukulahla ngengozi kwezinto ezinokushiswa, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa eliphuma ngokuphelele.
• Ukukhishwa kwamagesi aqeda ngaphandle komzimba. Lonke uhlelo lokuphelelwa amandla lakhiwe ngendlela yokuthi amagesi aqeda ukunqwabelana angazibutheli ngaphansi kwemoto ngenkathi imile (ngokwesibonelo, ijam yethrafikhi noma isibani sethrafikhi).

Ukumelana nokwakheka ngaphakathi kwe-muffler yokuhamba kwamagesi okuqeda amandla. Ngasikhathi sinye, kubalulekile ukuthi le parcela ayidluli amazinga avumelekile asungulwa ngumenzi wenjini. Ngaphandle kwalokho, injini izomane "iphelele" ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lokuphelelwa amandla luvimba ukuvimba kokugeleza.

Idizayini, umgomo wokusebenza nezinhlobo zama-muffler

Uhlelo oluphelele lwemoto luqukethe:

• Ukwemukela ipayipi;
• I-Catalyst;
• Resonator;
• Isipikili esikhulu.

Ipayipi lokudla lixhunywe ku-manifrof exubile. Inhloso yawo ukuhlanganisa wonke umkhondo ovela emotweni uye kwiqhubu elilodwa. I-catalyst ihlukanisa izinto eziyingozi eziyingxenye yamagesi aqeda amandla. Ngenxa yalesi sakhi, ukuqeda akuyona ingozi kangako emvelweni.

Okulandelayo ohlelweni isononator. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale nto ukucindezela umsindo wamagesi aqeda kakhulu. Ngaphandle, kufana nenguqulo encane ye-muffler enkulu.

Izinto zokusebenzisa umuffler

Zonke iziyaluyalu zenziwa ngensimbi. Abakhiqizi basebenzisa amamaki ahlukene walezi zinto ukuze bathuthukise ukuthembeka nokusebenza kwemikhiqizo yabo ngaphansi kwezimo zokucindezela ngokweqile.

Le ngxenye ingenziwa kulezi zinhlobo zensimbi ezilandelayo:

• I-Carbonaceous;
• Kuhlanganisiwe;
• I-alumina ye-Galvanised;
• Ayinamthungo.

Izingxenye eziningi zohlelo lokuphelelwa amandla zenziwa nge-aluminium, ezinikeza impilo ende yenkonzo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinketho zekhabhoni zehluleka ngokushesha. Ukushintshwa okungenasisekelo kuvame kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ziphakathi kwezinhlobo ezibiza kakhulu zama-muffler. Ama-muffler okugeleza ngokuqondile ngokuvamile enziwa ngensimbi engenasici, ngoba izinga lokushisa lamagesi aqothulayo kuzinqubo ezinjalo liphakeme kakhulu ekugcineni komugqa.

Idivaysi ye-Resonator

I-resonator iyinsimbi eyisicaba noma eyindilinga. Inezinhlaka ezimbalwa lapho kulungiswa khona amashubhu ahlanjululwe. Awafakiwe maqondana nomunye, kepha ngesethi ukuze ngamunye wabo abhekane nokwahlukaniswa.

Lapho amagesi aqeda ukungena emgodini ophuma epayipini elikhulu, ashaya indiza. Ukucabanga, ngokwengxenye bathambisa amaza omsindo wengxenye entsha yamagesi. Ngemuva kwalokho bangene egunjini elilandelayo le-resonator, lapho kwenzeka inqubo efanayo. Ekuphumeni okuvela ku-resonator, umsindo awusekude kangako, kepha kufana nokuqhuma, hhayi njengokudutshulwa.

Ngokusebenzisa ipayipi lokukhipha, ukugeleza kuqondiswe ethangini le-muffler. Ngokuhlelekile, kulula ukubeka le nto ngemuva kwemoto, ngoba kunesikhala esithe xaxa.

Isisetshenziswa se-Muffler

I-muffler ngokwayo inesakhiwo esifanayo njenge-resonator. Uma uyibheka engxenyeni, uzobona amakamelo wokucima afanayo, kuphela ngosayizi omkhulu. Ngaphezu kwalezi zinto, i-absorber ingahle ibe khona ku-muffler.

Leli ikamelo elikhethekile lapho kudlula khona amapayipi enziwe ngobucwebe. Kugcwele ngento enobuhlalu ukumunca amaza omsindo. I-absorber ukuhlukaniswa kwensimbi, uvolo wamatshe noma enye into enobuthi ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu.

Eqinisweni, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-muffler. Zihlukile komunye nomunye hhayi ekwakhiweni kwamagumbi we-acoustic, kodwa futhi nakuzo izinto ezenziwe ngazo. Uhlobo lokwakha luhlukaniswa:

• Kuvinjelwe. Kuma-muffler anjalo, ukuphuma kuyindawo enobubanzi obukhulu kunokungenayo. Iqiniso ukuthi i-pulsating exux iyacishwa ngenxa yokuthi ayikwazi ukudlula ngokukhululekile endaweni ephumayo, ngakho-ke, isakazeka kuwo wonke umkhawulo womsele.
• Kuyamangazwa. Kulezo zinguquko ezinjalo, amagesi aqeda ukushaya ahlukanisa igumbi le-acoustic, ayabonakala kulo, bese ufaka ipayipi eligcotshisiwe eliholela egumbini elilandelayo. Ngokuya ngemodeli, izingxenye zamakhamera anjalo zingaba ngaphezu kwezimbili.
• Resonator. Lezi zigwedlo ezinamakamelo afinyelela ku-4. Baxhumene nepayipi elihlotshisiwe. Umsindo uyanqotshwa ngenxa yokuthi ama-jumps angazelelwe anxephezelwa yinani elikhulu lezitolo ezithengisa emgqeni. Lo mklamo uvimba ukwanda kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kwepayipi, okunciphisa izinga lokugeleza.
• Ukungena. Umgomo wokusebenza kwamamodeli anjalo sele uchaziwe ngaphambili. Lokhu ukuguqulwa kohlobo lwe-resonator lwama-muffler, kuphela ngokungeziwe, isihlungi se-porous esingonakalisi sisetshenziselwa ukudonsa amaza omsindo.

Njengoba idizayini ngayinye inezinzuzo nezinkinga zayo, abakhiqizi bavame ukuhlanganisa lezi zinhlobo zama-muffler.

Ukuqamba kabusha kwe-muonler

Omunye wemiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke imodeli yokuphaza e-resonant. Ukwakheka kwamamodeli anjalo kufana nesakhiwo se-resonator, kuphela into esemqoka enedamu elikhulu elinenani elikhulayo lezimbobo ze-acoustic.

Amapayipi amaningana aboshwe afakwa emgodini wethini. Azifakwanga zibhekene, kodwa ngezindiza ezahlukahlukene ukuze ukukhipha kusakazeke ngaphezulu komgodi. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-muffler inciphisa wonke amaza egagasi lomsindo. Njengoba ungalindela, lezi zinhlobo zezinto zohlelo lokuphehla nazo zidala ukumelana okuthile, okuthinta amandla enjini.

Izici ze-muffler eqondile

Isici sazo zonke izimbangi ezinkulu ukuthi lapho izinga lokushisa nomsindo kuqedwa, amandla enjini ancishiswa kancane. Ukuphikiswa okuthile kudalwa ngaphakathi kohlelo lokuqothula. Le nto ithinta ukushaywa kwepistoni ngesikhathi sokushaywa ngamandla.

Lapho kukhulu ukumelana nalokhu, kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe ngayo ukususa imikhiqizo yomlilo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-crankshaft izohamba ngejubane eliphansi. Ukuxazulula le "nkinga", ezinye izingcweti zivuselela amapayipi e-exhaust ngokususa ama-baffles emigodini yawo. Abanye baze basuse okuntofontofo bakudala bese befaka okuhamba phambili.

Ngokwemvelo, kumamodeli anjalo, amagesi wokukhipha asuswa ngokushesha (amandla awachitheki ekunqobeni izithiyo ezahlukahlukene). Ngenxa yalokhu, amandla emoto akhushulwa cishe ngamaphesenti ayi-7. Amandla amaningi angatholakala ngokususa okubambekayo ohlelweni.

Ngaphambi kokufaka i-muffler enjalo emotweni yakho, kunezinto ezimbili okufanele uzikhumbule:

1. Izimoto ezizwakala ngaphezu kwenqanaba elithile le-decibel azikwazi ukusetshenziswa phakathi kwedolobha. I-muffler eqonde ngqo ayingeni kulezi zinhlaka. Imoto enesistimu yokuqothula efanayo ingenza isiyaluyalu sangempela egcekeni lesakhiwo esinamakamelo amaningi. Isistimu enjalo ingafakwa ngemoto ehamba ngamathrekhi.
2. Uma isiguquli sokuguqula sisuswa emotweni, izinga lokungcola lizokhula kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, imoto kungenzeka yedlule ekuhlolweni kobuchwepheshe. Noma kungenziwa ukuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe okwenziwayo, ukunakekelwa kwemvelo kungumsebenzi wazo zonke izakhamuzi zomhlaba, hhayi izinhlangano ngazinye.

Enziwa kanjani ama-muffler?

Ukuze umkhiqizo omusha ubhekane nomsebenzi wawo oyinhloko futhi ungadali ukugeleza okubuyela emuva ngokweqile (ukumelana negesi yokukhipha, ngenxa yokuthi injini kufanele ichithe ingxenye ye-torque ukunqoba le ngcindezi), abakhiqizi babala ukuthi i-backpressure izoba yini endaweni ethile. icala. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, kunqunywa ukuthi yimaphi amayunithi amandla ukufakwa kwesithulisi esinjalo okungeke kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izithulisi zamamodeli ezimoto ahlukene zingase zibe nobukhulu obuhlukene nezisindo (lokhu kuthintwa ukuba khona kwama-partitions engeziwe namashubhu ku-silencer bulb ngokwayo). Kodwa ukwanelisa izidingo zabalandeli bokulungisa okubukwayo, ama-analogue anepayipi elikhipha umoya eliphindwe kabili noma amasistimu okukhipha amandla anama-mufflers amabili nawo ayathuthukiswa.

Ama-flask ngokwawo enziwa ngamabanga ahlukene ensimbi ngokushisela. Imithungo iphathwa nge-anti-corrosion kanye nama-refractory agents ukuvimbela ukugqwala nokutubeka kwe-muffler. Kunezinketho ezibiza kakhulu ezenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali.

Ungayikhetha kanjani i-muffler

Sicela wazi ukuthi akuyona yonke into engafakwa emotweni yakho. Inkinga ukuthi into ngayinye yohlelo lokukhipha idalelwe imingcele yenjini - ivolumu namandla ayo.

Uma ingxenye engafanele ifakiwe emshinini, ukumelana ngokweqile kungadalwa ohlelweni lokuqedela ukuvumela amagesi aqeda ukuphuma. Ngenxa yalokhu, amandla emoto angancishiswa ngokuphawulekayo.

Nakhu okufanele ukubheke lapho ukhetha i-muffler entsha:

• Umthamo wekani. Kukhula ibhange. Kungcono kube ukumuncwa komsindo futhi kube ngcono ukususwa kwamagesi.
• Ikhwalithi yengxenye. Uma ubona amafolda ensimbi noma ingxenye edwetshiwe, kungcono ukuthi ungathengi i-muffler enjalo.
• I-muffler efanelekayo ingatholakala kukhodi ye-VIN yemoto. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthola ingxenye yokuqala yokuphumula. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, ukusesha kufanele kwenziwe ngokwenziwa nemodeli yemoto.

Kufanele futhi sisho ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthenga izingxenye ezisetshenzisiwe. Endabeni yama-mufflers, lo ngumbono omubi. Akwaziwa ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye ezisele ezigcinwe kuziphi izimo. Njengoba okokusebenza okuyinhloko okwenziwe ngakho kuyinsimbi, bangaphansi kokugqwala. Kukhona amathuba aphezulu okuthenga okokuntweza osekubolile, kepha ngaphandle ngeke kubonakale.

I-Brand Tour

Lapho uthenga noma iyiphi ingxenye (hhayi nje kuphela izinto zohlelo), kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha imikhiqizo kusuka kwimikhiqizo eyaziwayo. Phakathi kwabakhiqizi abanikela ngama-muffler asezingeni eliphakeme kukhona okulandelayo:

• IBosal. Inkampani yaseBelgium esizisungule njengemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme.
• Walker. Umkhiqizo waseSweden futhi uthengisa ama-muffler ahlala isikhathi eside futhi ephumelelayo.
• Poloundrow. Okukhethekile kwenkampani yasePoland ukuthi inikeza amakhasimende ayo ukukhethwa okukhulu kokuguqulwa okuhlukile kwama-mufflers. Imvamisa imikhiqizo yenkampani ithengiswa ngentengo emaphakathi.
• Asso. Izingxenye zase-Italy zisezingeni eliphakeme, kepha imvamisa zidinga ukuthuthukiswa, ngoba ngisho nemodeli eyakhelwe yona ayingalingani muffler. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukulungisa uhlelo lokuqeda amandla.
• Atiho. Ngaphandle kokuthi imikhiqizo yomkhiqizi waseRussia ayisezingeni eliphakeme elifanayo nozakwabo baseYurophu, yonke imikhiqizo ithengiswa ngentengo engabizi.

Inqubo yokukhetha i-muffler incike kumshayeli ngokwakhe namandla akhe wezezimali.

Indlela yokubona inkohliso

Imvamisa, abathengisi abangathembekile bathengisa izimpahla zaseChina noma zaseTurkey ngentengo yangempela. Kwesinye isikhathi bona uqobo abasoli ukuthi bathengisa inkohliso. Nazi izici zokubala imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi:

• Insimbi encane. Le nto isetshenziselwa ukwenza izingxenye ezishibhile. Ngokuvamile, ama-muffler anjalo angasindi futhi anokonakala.
• Ukupakisha. Uma kungekho ukumaka komkhiqizi ku-muffler (izitembu, ama-notch, ama-logo anama-holograms, njll.), Kungenzeka ukuthi kungumbombayi.
• Umthamo wekani. Ingxenye yokuqala ihlala ingumbombayi, ngoba esimeni sesibili, umenzi akaphishekeli ikhwalithi ukuze athole izinzuzo eziningi, esindisa ezintweni ezibonakalayo.
• Izindleko. Okwangempela kuhlala kubiza ngaphezulu. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akufanele kube ukuphela kwekhwalithi yengxenye yenqunywa. Abathengisi abangathembekile bavame ukusizakala ngokungazi komthengi, bathengise inkohliso ngentengo yoqobo.

Ungayifaka kanjani i-muffler

Umdwebo wokufakwa kwesifutho semoto ulula impela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uphakamise imoto ku-jack noma ku-lift. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuqaqa ingxenye yakudala. Zonke izingxenye zohlelo lokukhipha zixhunyiwe kusetshenziswa izixhumi ezikhethekile - amacici (iringi yensimbi efakwa ezindaweni zokuxhuma zezakhi) kanye nocingo lwensimbi.

Kubalulekile ukuthi yonke imiphetho yamapayipi ilingane kahle komunye nomunye, ngaphandle kwalokho amagesi e-exhaust azongena emgodini. Lokhu kuzokwaziwa ngokushesha lapho umshayeli eqala injini.

Kuyafaneleka ukuthi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kohlelo lokukhipha izinto zalo zishisa kakhulu. Lokhu kuvame ukuholela ekubhakeni kwamalunga. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngesikhathi sokuqaqa, kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukuxegisa ipayipi. Kulokhu, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ungalimazi i-corrugation (uma ikhona) noma ipayipi langaphambili.

Ividiyo ngesihloko

Nansi ividiyo enemininingwane mayelana nokusebenza kwesistimu yokukhipha umoya wemoto:

Indlela i-exhaust system ne-muffler esebenza ngayo. Kungani ukugeleza kwamagesi e-exhaust kushesha kunejubane lomsindo

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Kungani i-muffler ezimotweni? Le ngxenye yesistimu yokukhipha ihlinzeka: ukuncishiswa komsindo wegesi yokukhipha umoya, ukunciphisa isivinini sokuqeda, ukupholisa amagesi okukhipha umoya kanye nokunciphisa ukushaywa kwawo.

Siphi isiduli semoto? Kuyisitsha se-volumetric esinezikhala ezimbili (i-inlet ne-exhaust). Kukhona ama-baffles amaningi anezimbobo kanye nokufakwa ngaphakathi kwe-muffler.

Isebenza kanjani i-muffler yemoto? Amagesi okukhipha igesi angena emgodini, avela ku-baffle, faka ipayipi phakathi kwama-cavities (inani lamakamelo lincike kumodeli we-muffler), bese ungena kwipayipi yokukhipha.